Sentences with phrase «in cytotoxic»

This is associated with a relative reduction in cytotoxic T - cell activity and a reduced capacity to destroy infected host cells and clear the virus from infected lung tissue.

Target - cell contact activates a highly selective capacitative calcium entry pathway in cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

Not exact matches

Most medications are safe in breastfeeding, with rare exceptions such as cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs.

The compound (right panel) has a scorpion - like shape with two arms grabbing EphA2 - expressing cancer cells, and a tail (brown) constituted by a cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agent (paclitaxel used in this work).

«Injecting the human blood cells resulted in massive liver cell damage and we were able to detect cytotoxic T lymphocytes that specifically targeted hepatitis B virus in liver infiltration cells.

They found that hepatitis in these «human hepatocyte chimeric mice» was caused by white blood cells known as cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) that were specifically targeted to hepatitis B virus.

This is the first trial reporting successful transplant in dyskeratosis congenita (DC) patients without the use of any radiation or conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy beforehand.

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have shown promise in «flushing out» HIV from latently infected cells, potentially exposing the reservoirs available for elimination by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), also called killer T cells.

«But in the body, within the microenvironment they create, they somehow manage to resist elimination even by our most cytotoxic therapies.»

DAP12 plays a critical role in activating the NK cells» cytotoxic pathways; therefore, lower levels of DAP12 in NK cells results in a reduced ability to target tumor cells.

In particular, they found significant expansion of CD3 + CD8 + cytotoxic T - cells and CD3 + CD4 + helper T - cells in circulating blood, as well as increased CD4 + subsets of Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg cells, indicating a pro-inflammatory responsIn particular, they found significant expansion of CD3 + CD8 + cytotoxic T - cells and CD3 + CD4 + helper T - cells in circulating blood, as well as increased CD4 + subsets of Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg cells, indicating a pro-inflammatory responsin circulating blood, as well as increased CD4 + subsets of Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg cells, indicating a pro-inflammatory response.

The researchers also analyzed specific immune cells called cytotoxic T cells isolated from the patients» blood and found increases in biomarkers indicative of immune activation.

To initiate an oxygen - independent reaction in a PDT, the molecule applied has to be of cytotoxic nature.

NK cells are cytotoxic; small granules in their cytoplasm contain special proteins such as perforin and proteases known as granzymes.

In healthy skin, CD49a + and CD49a cells are dormant, but quickly respond with inflammatory and cytotoxic effects when stimulated by IL - 15, a protein secreted from skin cells as a rapid - response defence against microbial attack.

«We studied human T cells, isolated from blood donors of all ages, to compare mature cytotoxic T cells with naive ones,» said Philip Ansumana Hull, graduate student in Ott's lab and one of the first authors of the study.

Human CD4 + cytotoxic T lymphocytes that play a vital role in antiviral immunity are highly heterogeneous.

In fact, HIV - infected patients accumulate mature cytotoxic T cells at a much younger age than an uninfected person.

Single - cell differential gene expression analysis revealed a spectrum of known transcripts, including several linked to cytotoxic and costimulatory function that are expressed at higher levels in the TEMRA (effector memory T cells expressing CD45RA) subset, which is highly enriched for CD4 - CTLs, compared with CD4 + T cells in the central memory (TCM) and effector memory (TEM) subsets.

«Cytotoxic immune cell in sick and healthy skin a key to understanding vitiligo.»

In vivo, primary and secondary cytotoxic T cell responses against vaccinia and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus were within normal ranges.

They induce CD4 + helper T cell responses, which in turn activate cytotoxic T cells and direct them to recognize and fight specific types of cancer.

Laboratory hazards and how they should be handled are listed in the regulations such as carcinogenic and teratogenic substances, mercury and its compounds, cytotoxic chemicals, carbon monoxide, lead and its derivatives, and materials that can be absorbed through the skin.

«We had some indication that rapamycin would enhance the cytotoxic T cell effect, from previous experiments in both animals and humans showing that the drug produced modest effects by itself,» says Maria Castro, Ph.D., senior author of the new paper.

Pinschewer and colleagues also tested whether the cells that emit IL - 33 are in the right place in the body to influence cytotoxic T cells.

They compared the number of cytotoxic T cells — which help battle a virus by killing body cells that harbor it — in normal mice and animals missing IL - 33.

One way in which cancer cells flourish is by concealing themselves against cytotoxic immune cells.

In the sensitive tumor models, the ability of anti — cytotoxic T lymphocyte — associated protein 4 or anti — programmed cell death 1 therapy to increase vessel perfusion strongly correlated with its antitumor efficacy.

Hodi FS, Mihm MC, Soiffer RJ, Haluska FG, Butler M, Seiden MV, Davis T, Henry - Spires R, MacRae S, Willman A, Padera R, Jaklitsch MT, Shankar S, Chen TC, Korman A, Allison JP, Dranoff G. Biologic activity of cytotoxic T lymphocyte - associated antigen 4 antibody blockade in previously vaccinated metastatic melanoma and ovarian carcinoma patients.

Accumulation of cytotoxic non-coding Alu repetitive RNAs in macular cells seems to underlie AMD pathology.

Blocking chemokine responsive to -LCB- gamma -RCB--- 2 / interferon (IFN)- -LCB- gamma -RCB- inducible protein and monokine induced by IFN --LCB- gamma -RCB- activity in vivo reduces the pathogenetic but not the antiviral potential of hepatitis B virus — specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

However, this is the first organ that degenerates in adults and in addition to that the thymus gland is extremely sensitive to a number of cytotoxic factors, such as chemotherapy, the action of various toxins, unfavorable environment.

Specifically, TheraT ® has proven to be safe in animals as well as capable of eliciting uniquely potent antigen - specific CD8 + cytotoxic T cell responses and strong tumor control in mice.

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen - 4 accumulation in the immunological synapse is regulated by TCR signal strength.

Some of these T cells become «effectos» (the ones that have direct roles in the immune response, including helper functions for CD4 + T cells, and cytotoxic functions for CD8 + T cells), while other T cells differentiate into resting memory cells.

Studies in CD8 knockout (KO) and perforin KO mice demonstrated that CD8 + cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) are unnecessary for the rejection of corneal allografts in mice (8, 9).

(PMID: 9802976) Download PDF [ii] Ogg GS, Rod Dunbar P, Romero P, Chen JL, Cerundolo V. High frequency of skin - homing melanocyte - specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in autoimmune vitiligo.

Poliovirus - specific CD4 + Th1 clones with both cytotoxic and helper activity mediate protective humoral immunity against a lethal poliovirus infection in transgenic mice expressing the human poliovirus receptor.

We studied the mechanism of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) persistence and the suppression of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in BALB / c WEHI mice infected at birth with LCMV Armstrong strain.

This has resulted in accelerated research focused on understanding the mechanisms that tumors use to inactivate cytotoxic T cells and developing ways to overcome this inhibition (2, 3).

A Marked Reduction in Priming of Cytotoxic CD8 + T Cells Mediated by Stress - Induced Glucocorticoids Involves Multiple Deficiencies in Cross-Presentation by Dendritic Cells.

Nintedanib, a triple angiokinase inhibitor, enhances cytotoxic therapy response in pancreatic cancer.

Hartl's research focuses on understanding the role of molecular chaperones in protein folding and in neurodegenerative disorders such as Huntington's or Parkinson's disease, which are associated with protein misfolding and cytotoxic aggregation.

The CLPs differentiate finally into T helper, T cytotoxic and T regulatory cells after leaving the bone marrow to the thymus or into mature B cells in the bone marrow.

Targeting inhibitory proteins within cytotoxic T cells as a means to improve T cell activity against cancer has led to impressive clinical successes, but only in a minority of treated patients (1).

Furthermore, they may be cytotoxic or may instead exert an anticancer effect by acting on one or more aspects of the tumor microenvironment either alone or in combination with existing anticancer treatments [3, 4].

Evaluation of Poly - Mechanistic Antiangiogenic Combinations to Enhance Cytotoxic Therapy Response in Pancreatic Cancer.

The films are «Killing Cancer: Cytotoxic T - Cells on Patrol» by Alex Ritter, NIH Oxford - Cambridge Scholars Program; «Companions in Discovery» by Amy Gladfelter, Dartmouth; and «Cell Repair» by Bill Bement, University of Wisconsin, Madison.

Moreover, there are yet other cell types — such as visceral adipose tissue macrophages and cytotoxic CD8 + T - cells — in which the age - related supernumerary accumulation of dysfunctional and apoptosis - resistant cells appears to play a highly deleterious role on tissue function, but where the cells are not «senescent» cells in the classical sense of p16Ink4a expression and the senescence - associated secretory profile observed in senescent fibroblasts.

Role in suppression of cytotoxic T lymphocyte response and viral persistence.