Sentences with phrase «in disease transmission»
«It's pretty strong evidence that the virus is persisting from season to season in tick populations and that these ticks play an important role in disease transmission.»
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She and her colleagues decided to use social network analysis to pinpoint individuals most important in disease transmission.
We are talking about very significant reduction in disease transmission.
Not exact matches
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention added St. Kitts and Nevis — two islands, one nation — to its list of countries and territories with local transmission of the Zika virus in September.
«It's a nerve transmission that tells your brain something is in your nose that needs to come out,» Dr Neil Kao, an allergy and asthma specialist at the Allergic Disease and Asthma Center in Greenville, South Carolina told WebMD.
More seriously, an Australian team reviewing the literature on open - plan offices — while confirming the British program's findings about productivity — found more «shocking» effects on health and well - being, such as higher airborne disease transmission in workplaces without walls.
Years ago, when Mass Design was in the early stages of planning and designing Butaro Hospital in the Burera District of Rwanda, it faced a serious design challenge: To reduce the transmission of airborne diseases like TB.
But there's some good news here: Storms aren't always followed by increased transmission of mosquito - borne diseases, and we're nearing the end of transmission season in the US, with the weather cooling down in time for winter.
There are lots of other sex acts in which people engage other than penetrative sex which all carry less risk of disease transmission (in differing degrees).
In addition, since as I mentioned before that the disease is generally mild, we have no evidence to suggest that infants with zika would have severe disease and because we know there are many benefits of breast feeding, we are encouraging women to breast feed even in areas within going zika virus transmissioIn addition, since as I mentioned before that the disease is generally mild, we have no evidence to suggest that infants with zika would have severe disease and because we know there are many benefits of breast feeding, we are encouraging women to breast feed even in areas within going zika virus transmissioin areas within going zika virus transmission.
less than or equal to lamivudine Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Antiretroviral therapy, usually means 1 - 2 drugs, used in early studies Antiretroviral zidovudine (also known as ZDV) Breastfeeding Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative Breastfeeding and HIV International Transmission Study Combined antiretroviral therapy Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Deoxyribonucleic Acid Exclusive Breastfeeding Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay Food and Agrigulture Organization Fixed dose combination ART, e.g., lamividine, stavudine, and nevirapine Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy, 3 or more drugs for more effective treatment used in later studies Human Immunodeficiency virus International Atomic Energy Agency Infant feeding Infant and young child feeding Lopinavir cubic millimetre Mother - to - Child Transmission of HIV Non-governmental organization Nevirapine Polymerase Chain Reaction People Living with HIV Prevention of Mother - to - Child Transmission Replacement Feeding Ritonavir Ribonucleic acid, one of the three major macromolecules (along with DNA and proteins) that are essential for all known forms of life single dose NVP United Nations Agencies Joint United Nations Programme on HIV / AIDS United Nations Population Fund United Nations Commissioner for Refugees United Nations Children's Fund U.S. Agency for International Development World Alliance for Breastfeeding Action United Nations World Food Programme World Health Assembly WHO 2010 Guidelines on HIV and infant feeding World Health Organization Zidovudine (same drug as AZT)
Household income has been shown to interact with child growth in Brazil.21 A US study of diarrhoeal disease found no interaction between breast feeding and household income.8 Household income, like social class, may not be a good marker of transmission risk.
Although baby is sealed away in the amniotic sac, transmissions of infections and diseases can and do happen.
Under current guidelines, prisons make condoms available to inmates under prescription from doctors, in an effort to prevent the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases.
In an effort to detect any local transmission of the Zika virus, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene expanded the guidelines on who should be tested for the disease to include anyone with its most - common symptoms.
«It started to become quite evident to me that a research career in infectious disease epidemiology and mathematical modeling would be a fairly perfect combination of my longstanding interests in math and biology and medicine, as well as my emerging interest in infectious disease transmission and public health more generally,» she says.
The biggest weakness in the case for Southern Lyme transmission via lone star ticks is that, despite Clark's PCR hits, no one has cultured any disease - causing spirochetes from them.
In the most famous example of cannibalism - related disease transmission, the Fore people of New Guinea were nearly driven to extinction as a result of their ritualized consumption of brains and other tissues cut from the bodies of their deceased kin — kin who had been infected by kuru, an incurable and highly transmissible neurological disease.
The consumption of bushmeat in Guinea may possibly serve as the transmission point from wildlife to human populations for the disease.
That helped researchers highlight potential infection hot spots for mosquito - borne disease transmission one to three months in advance.
«If you're pregnant or planning on being pregnant, absolutely, cancel your vacation,» says Aliota, echoing the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention warning that pregnant women not travel to the more than 20 countries now known to have active Zika transmission, like Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and in the Caribbean.
«The policies in Africa right now were designed for one purpose and one purpose only — to prevent transmission, but the mother was not part of the equation,» says Dr. Aditya Kaul, who is a professor in the Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease at the New York University Langone Medical Center.
Kacey Ernst's primary research interests are in determining how human - environment interactions alter risk of vector - borne disease transmission.
Matthew Thomas, a professor at The Pennsylvania State University who is studying the impact of climate change on the transmission of infectious diseases, says that his group had applied for funding in late 2008.
While the probability of HIV transmission varies with the stage of the disease and the type of sexual contact, it appears to pass from infected to uninfected individuals in less than 1 percent of acts of unprotected heterosexual intercourse, while the corresponding probability of HPV transmission is thought to be higher than 5 percent — probably much higher.
Defects in acetylcholine transmission have been found in some muscle diseases, including the autoimmune disorder myasthenia gravis.
More specifically, she focuses on the development and use of multidisciplinary approaches, combining data from different sources, to identify the determinants of disease transmission in different ecological settings, providing evidence for the improvement of current control policies, as well as the development of new ones.
«Anywhere with these vectors — Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and to some degree Aedes albopictus — could get this virus and have local transmission,» says Erin Staples, a medical epidemiologist and expert in mosquito - borne diseases at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Hueffer said that this is the first experimental evidence showing a molecular mechanism inducing a specific behavioral change in a host that favors a disease's transmission.
The findings suggest that although wild animals may be important for the transmission of new diseases to humans, humanity's oldest companions — livestock and pets such as cattle and dogs provide the vital link in the emergence of new diseases.
As of 11 May, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) had confirmed 503 «travel - associated» cases of Zika in the United States, 10 of which involved sexual transmission.
The role of bat parasites in maintaining chains of viral infection is little studied, and the new Wisconsin study serves up some intriguing insights into how viruses co-opt parasites to help do the dirty work of disease transmission.
This A-beta peptide fibril has been rendered in 3 - D by a transmission electron microscope, providing the most detailed look yet at the telltale sign of Alzheimer's disease.
They were able to declare the outbreak over in January 2015, after the data indicated no disease transmission had occurred since mid-2012.
Preventing the transmission of inherited genetic diseases, and increasing food production rates in farmed animals are two potential applications of genome editing technologies that require urgent ethical scrutiny, according to a new report by the Nuffield Council on Bioethics.
The research also raises questions about how bacteria living in other parts of the body may relate to HIV transmission, and whether they play a role in how other vulnerable populations are affected by the disease.
Because of the legislation, a FDA spokesperson noted in an email, «the agency will not receive or review INDs [Investigational New Drug applications] for human subject research utilizing genetic modification of embryos for the prevention of transmission of mitochondrial disease in FY 2016 and human subject research using these technologies can not be conducted in compliance with the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and FDA's implementing regulations.»
Being in an active community environment, the authors said, may promote quicker diagnosis and treatment of HIV — which could eventually help reduce the transmission and prevalence of the disease.
In most high - income countries, such as the United States, where drug injection is the primary route of HCV transmission, the disease is concentrated among people who inject drugs (PWID).
«These restrictions also are in conflict with new HCV treatment guidelines from the American Association for the Study of Liver Disease (2015), which explicitly state that active injection drug users should be prioritized for treatment in part because of the risk of transmission to susceptible injection partners.»
«We should be investing in global functions, like research and development and constraining transmission of drug - resistant disease strains across borders, because these investments will help poor people wherever they live,» said Jamison, who is a senior fellow in Global Health Sciences at UCSF.
8 In the 17th century, lacking chemical tests (and knowledge of disease transmission mechanisms), Italian physician and autopsist Antonio Valsalva sometimes tasted the fluids he encountered in cadavers in an effort to better characterize theIn the 17th century, lacking chemical tests (and knowledge of disease transmission mechanisms), Italian physician and autopsist Antonio Valsalva sometimes tasted the fluids he encountered in cadavers in an effort to better characterize thein cadavers in an effort to better characterize thein an effort to better characterize them.
«Given the wide variation in the transmission of the disease — endemic areas, areas of low endemicity, hyperendemic areas, and sometimes these strata all occurring in the same country — we prefer to look at each country separately without aggregates over the entire continent,» Buj says.
However, nearly half of the world's population — 3.3 billion people — currently live in 106 countries and territories that are at risk of malaria transmission, according to the U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
The study's lead author, Patricia Lopes from the Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies at the University of Zurich, says that previous research in wild animals has generally ignored how this change in behaviour may affect social contacts in a group and how, in turn, these changes can impact the transmission of a disease.
Ultimately, the study contributes to our understanding of the complexity inherent to disease transmission and highlights the importance of changes in behaviour of sick animals for predicting the outcome of outbreaks.
It's been well researched, by studies, by world organizations, by the Centre for Disease Control in Atlanta, other organizations that have all unanimously come to the conclusion that consumption of pork is not a risk factor for transmission of influenza virus from swine to human.
The effect of seasonality in pathogen transmission on vaccination strategies was investigated under several types of disease scenarios, including an endemic case and a new outbreak case.
Rohr is now investigating the impact of insecticides on snail predators and disease transmission in northwest Senegal, as part of an experiment run by a research partnership called the Upstream Alliance, based in Pacific Grove, California.
The publication lays out best practices for quarantine and examination in order to prevent the spread of disease, and biosecurity protocols to reduce transmission in facilities where infected horses have been housed.