I can't speak for James Kugel, who as I observed in my essay tends to overdraw the contrast between what we can reliably know historically (as opposed to the often agenda - driven projects of modern critics) and the ways in which the Bible was read
in the earlier traditions.
The idea of the Ascension after a long interval, say forty days, is a very late conception, not reflected anywhere
in the earliest tradition.
The chief ancient ritual of intercourse with the unseen world was sacrifice, and
in her earliest traditions, sacrificial practices of some kind were assumed as a matter of course.
In the earliest tradition of the Exodus, we learn that Moses was leading Israel out to the wilderness for the celebration of a sacrifice in a rendezvous with YHWH.
Nor do we, at least, doubt that the unfolding meaning of all that was given
in early tradition was in appreciable measure reflected in the long editorial process of the compilation of the present Old Testament canon.
To be sure,
in the earliest tradition Jesus is sometimes called a prophet, but the term is apparently used in its ordinary sense and is soon displaced by messianically significant terms.
Now one might expect that this pattern of interpretation would have been retained by Paul, if historical — that is, if set forth by Jesus himself or found
in the earliest tradition of his sayings or expounded in the early church — or one might even think it possible that Mark derived from Paul some hint of this system of exegesis of the Old Testament and of interpretation of the career of Jesus as a heavenly being appearing upon earth prior to his exaltation and his dying (as a heavenly being) upon the cross, though unrecognized in his true nature until the Resurrection.
While, therefore, under the early Hebrew system a shocking absence of regard for womanhood is revealed in some narratives, so that Professor J. M. Powis Smith can even say that
in the early traditions of Israel, «Chivalry is conspicuous by its almost total absence,» (The Moral Life of the Hebrews, p. 41.)
very good post... one of yr recent best I think, as well as the others,, who wd fall in behind or at least beside you with a more balanced and informed assessment of all the multiple stories to digest
in our earliest traditions.
It may, therefore, have been the work of a certain «presbyter John» of whom there is notice
in early tradition, who was perhaps a disciple of John.
That was the voguish creed advanced by Lord Maurice Glasman and Jon Cruddas, among others, during the last parliament, seeking to anchor Labour
in its earlier traditions of community, mutualism, localism and self - help, rejecting the excesses 1980s neo-liberalism and 1960s social liberalism alike.
Not exact matches
And
in Washington,
tradition holds that
early generosity, or even one small pre-election check, will be remembered by candidates once they are
in office.
The move comes after Disney raised prices
early last summer, as has become the usual
tradition, meaning that the theme park giant increased single - day prices by $ 10
in less than a year.
Early Baptists, both
in England and America, were strongly influenced by Reformed theology, and there has been a growing interest
in reclaiming this
tradition within the Southern Baptist Convention.
The theological obtuseness of the Roman court theologians (Cajetan partly excepted), the inability or unwillingness of the Roman authorities to appropriate their own best ecclesiological
traditions, and the unlovely influence of financial politics on the handling of the doctrinal issues all played a considerable role, as did Luther's impatience and anger, his inability to take stupid and inappropriate papal teaching at all calmly (perhaps because his own
early view of the papal office was unrealistically high), as well as his tendency to dramatize his own situation
in apocalyptic terms.
A ritual meal within the
early Jesus communities, such as those prescribed
in Didache 10 and 9, with no paschal imagery, no Last Supper
tradition, and no connection with the death of Jesus.
In his account, the Church's attempts to tame violence through preaching humility and peace had a negligible effect on the ancient traditions of manliness until its efforts were joined with the state's in the early modern perio
In his account, the Church's attempts to tame violence through preaching humility and peace had a negligible effect on the ancient
traditions of manliness until its efforts were joined with the state's
in the early modern perio
in the
early modern period.
Touchstone provides a forum where Christians of various backgrounds — Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox — can speak candidly with one another on the basis of a shared commitment to the Great
Tradition of Christian faith as revealed
in the Holy Scriptures and set forth
in the classic creeds of the
early church.The term «mere Christianity,» of course, was made famous by C. S. Lewis, whose book of that title is among the most influential religious volumes of the past one hundred years.
The history of Italian unification» Italian fascism having more than a decade's existence as a special place
in radicalism; the role of the papacy
in severely constraining manifest forms of statist rule; the cultural
tradition of Italian major cities, which had autonomous forms of city development; and the weaknesses of Italy with respect to economic concentrations of power
in the
early twentieth century» all argue against a muscular totalitarianism.
Thus, to invoke the Russian Church's
traditions of the nineteenth and
early twentieth centuries requires us to engage
in historical reconstruction rather than to nurture beliefs and practices that are ongoing.
As a historian, Marxsen rejects the physical resurrection not because he does not believe
in miracles, but because the
earliest tradition simply doesn't identify resurrection with a resuscitated body.
In my
earlier years I had little doubt about not only the moral superiority but also the historical future of the values of the liberal democratic
tradition.
Some theologians
in the Wesleyan
tradition, especially those most under the influence of neo-evangelicalism,
in the
early years of the post-World War II Evangelical Theological Society attempted to work
in the neo evangelical coalition.
In its effort to achieve a universal vision, liberalism has continued the ancient
tradition including that of the Greek Fathers, so that the attack on liberalism also condemns any return to
earlier forms of theology including that of Wesley.
If and when it happens, we might even start baptizing people from alien backgrounds, as the
early Christians did, and find our comfortable
traditions shattered by the disconcerting presence of strangers
in the faith — including Muslims, Buddhists or Hindus.
One finds the antecedents of this
tradition in early stages of discussion of Darwinian evolution.
the reminder that Orthodox theology continually refreshes its thinking by reference to the
early Church Fathers, who were much concerned with the question of God's activity
in the other sects and
traditions and
in the wisdom of humankind.
With the great Jewish thinker of the
early part of this century, Franz Rosenzweig, he believes that Jews need to understand anew that «the Jewish vocation, rooted
in the biblical
tradition, is to be an instrument for the redemption of all humankind.»
In some of the traditions related to one or the other of these fertility sex goddesses, celebrants would rise early in the morning to observe the sun rising in the eas
In some of the
traditions related to one or the other of these fertility sex goddesses, celebrants would rise
early in the morning to observe the sun rising in the eas
in the morning to observe the sun rising
in the eas
in the east.
You will observe that not one of the books of the Old Testament (
in its finished form) is of
earlier date than the eighth century BC Before that time there existed
traditions handed down by word of mouth, and various documentary records and compositions, which were used by later writers.
Almost forgotten
in the last two decades of his life and completely forgotten today except by students of American religious history, Ward was a nationally prominent radical
in the
early twentieth - century
tradition of Walter Rauschenbusch's Social Gospel movement.
Beyond the considerable body of research that has emerged
in the past three decades which demonstrates that women played a far more generous role
in the
early Church than perhaps Neuhaus has imagined, my own Wesleyan holiness
tradition has apparently escaped his ecumenical vision as well for it was already ordaining women
in the nineteenth century.
Our «
early traditions about Jesus» (to use the title of a little book by the late Professor Bethune - Baker) are not interested so much
in what has been called the «biographical Jesus» as they are concerned with what Jesus did and said as he was remembered by those who believed him to be their Lord, the Risen Messiah, and who were therefore anxious to hand on to others what was remembered about him.
In 2012, when the Obama administration first proposed the so - called HHS mandate, requiring employers to provide insurance coverage that included free access to contraceptive and abortive drugs, it provided an exceedingly narrow religious exemption from the rule that echoed some of the distinctions first made in these earliest incarnations of the English tradition of toleratio
In 2012, when the Obama administration first proposed the so - called HHS mandate, requiring employers to provide insurance coverage that included free access to contraceptive and abortive drugs, it provided an exceedingly narrow religious exemption from the rule that echoed some of the distinctions first made
in these earliest incarnations of the English tradition of toleratio
in these
earliest incarnations of the English
tradition of toleration.
In fact, by confusing
Tradition with traditionalism and radically opposing the Scriptures to
Tradition, much of the Christian wisdom
Tradition, beginning with the writings of the
early Church Fathers (& Mothers) and continuing even into modern time, the Protestant Reformers have cut much of the Western Church off from the ongoing Revelation of the Christian wisdom
Tradition.
Ever since the publication
in 1903 of Wilhelm Wrede's famous book on this subject, The Messianic Secret
in the Gospels, scholars have been compelled to take seriously the thesis it set forth, namely, that the whole conception of the secret Messiahship is an intrusion into the
tradition, either read into it by Mark or at a late pre-Marcan stage
in the development of the
tradition, and not really consonant with the story of Jesus as it was handed down
in the
earliest Christian circles.
«Meier [Marginal Jew I, 211 ff and 376] considers these
traditions to be «largely products of
early Christian reflection on the salvific meaning of Jesus
in the light of OT prophecies» and concludes that their historicity is «highly questionable.»
Not direct «Paulinism,» then, but the leaven of Paul's teaching influencing the common faith of the
earliest church
in the West, and hence affecting the
tradition as it came to Mark some years later — that is what we may reasonably look for
in Mark's Gospel.
To begin with, there was the narrative of Jesus» death — the longest continuous narrative
in the
traditions about him and the
earliest to take fixed form, according to modern form critics.
Second, if the church is attentive to the New Testament, Justin Martyr and Hippolytus, the Eastern church, the Western catholic
tradition, the Anglican
tradition, the Lutheran
tradition, the Calvinist intent (and practice, if not
in Geneva then
in places like John Robinson's Leiden), the Wesleyan intent and that of the
early Methodists, then its worship on every festival of the resurrection — that is, on every Sunday — will include both Word and Supper, not one or the other.
Professor Branscomb truly says: «Fact and theology had already been combined
in this
tradition, and what is often described as Mark's theology is really the
early Christian belief as to the historical facts.»
Is this simply a hold - over from an
earlier day which the general conservatism of the educational world perpetuates because it has become a sacred
tradition, or is there something
in the study of literature which, regardless of the field of specialization into which one goes, makes it of vital importance?
The factors of chief importance
in the development of this theology were: (a) the Old Testament — and Judaism --(b) the
tradition of religious thought
in the Hellenistic world, (c) the
earliest Christian experience of Christ and conviction about his person, mission, and nature — this soon became the
tradition of the faith or the «true doctrine» — and (d) the living, continuous, ongoing experience of Christ — only
in theory to be distinguished from the preceding —
in worship,
in preaching,
in teaching,
in open proclamation and confession, as the manifestation of the present Spiritual Christ within his church.
«For
early Christianity Scripture is no longer just what is written, nor is it just
tradition; it is the dynamic and divinely determined declaration of God which speaks of His whole rule and therefore of His destroying and new creating, and which reaches its climax
in the revelation of Christ and the revelation of the Spirit by the risen Lord... The full revelation
in Christ and the Spirit is more than what is written» (TDNT I: 761).
It was Mark who began this process of transvaluation, as far as we can make out at this distance, by insisting that Jesus became Messiah at his baptism — though perhaps the evangelic
tradition had already received this interpretation
in the Roman community, or even,
earlier still,
in Palestine or
in the
early Gentile church.
How is it possible at a time like the present, when the whole world is at war, to sit down calmly and consider such a subject as the
Earliest Gospel, to study the evangelic
tradition at the stage
in which it first took literary form, to discuss such fine points as the emergence of a particular theology
in early Christianity or the transition from primitive Christian messianism to the normative doctrine of later creeds, confessions, hymns, and prayers?
More explicitly than anyone else
in the
early pastoral
tradition, Gregory the Great developed the theory and practice of contextual pastoral counseling.
The document recognizes a certain problem
in that «Scripture comprises a variety of diverse
traditions, some of which reflect tensions
in interpretation within the
early Judeo - Christian heritage.»
Robin M Jensen explores the intersection of art, ritual, text and
tradition in her new book Baptismal Imagery
in Early Christianity: Ritual, Visual, and Theological Dimensions.
In particular, we may note that there are three points at which the Kingdom teaching of the synoptic tradition tends to differ both from Judaism and from the early Church as represented by the remainder of the New Testament: in the use of the expression Kingdom of God for (1) the final act of God in visiting and redeeming his people and (2) as a comprehensive term for the blessings of salvation, i.e. things secured by that act of God, and (3) in speaking of the Kingdom as «coming»
In particular, we may note that there are three points at which the Kingdom teaching of the synoptic
tradition tends to differ both from Judaism and from the
early Church as represented by the remainder of the New Testament:
in the use of the expression Kingdom of God for (1) the final act of God in visiting and redeeming his people and (2) as a comprehensive term for the blessings of salvation, i.e. things secured by that act of God, and (3) in speaking of the Kingdom as «coming»
in the use of the expression Kingdom of God for (1) the final act of God
in visiting and redeeming his people and (2) as a comprehensive term for the blessings of salvation, i.e. things secured by that act of God, and (3) in speaking of the Kingdom as «coming»
in visiting and redeeming his people and (2) as a comprehensive term for the blessings of salvation, i.e. things secured by that act of God, and (3)
in speaking of the Kingdom as «coming»
in speaking of the Kingdom as «coming».