Sentences with phrase «in gas phase»

Even if there were significant self - absorbed GHG band IR from the surface, none of it could thermalise in the gas phase because the IR Activated Density of States ** is solely a function of temperature so the excess energy pseudo-diffuses to thermalise at interfaces with condensed matter.

As CH4 and CO2 both are measured in the gas phase, the timing problem doesn't play a role here.

This energy will be delivered, after some time, to air when the water molecules in the gas phase condense into droplets.

Thus going back to 1846 and John Tyndall, anyone with statistical thermodynamics» knowledge knows that thermalisation of IR from a higher temperature source can not occur in the gas phase at local thermodynamic equilibrium.

To pursue this idea, it is first noted that N2, O2 and Ar all would remain in the gas phase as terrestrial air CO2 is brought down to its depositional temperature.

Hank, Thanks for the last link about water dimer in gas phase.

To compare the relative contributions of H2SO4 and MSA to new particle formation, nucleation and uptake into existing particles were turned off in the model to leave these species in the gas phase.

[Response: SO2 would be in the gas phase, but it condenses to small particles, which actually cool the planet by scattering visible light to space.

The self - assembly occurred in a gas phase, cluster beam condensation source, before size - selection with a mass spectrometer and deposition onto a carbon surface for oxidation and then imaging.

In this study, the water was in the gas phase.

«Dr. Johnson is an emerging international expert on the structure and dynamics of metal clusters and organometallics bound to surfaces and in the gas phase,» said Dr. Hess.

They are currently examining different ligated clusters to understand how the spatial arrangement of the atoms in the ligands alters the abundance of clusters formed in solution and their stability in the gas phase.

The observation of methanol in the gas phase, combined with information about its distribution, implies that methanol formed on the disc's icy grains, and was subsequently released in gaseous form.

Some stay in the gas phase and others start a transfer into the aerosol phase.

What's Next: The researchers are now working to determine how electron affinity changes when solvent molecules are attached to the organofluorine compounds in the gas phase.

«We managed to present the first molecular evidence of a direct and ubiquitous source of ELVOCs arising from the oxidation of monoterpenes and other volatile organic compounds in the gas phase.»

To prevent this, the ELVOCs are directly ionized under atmospheric conditions in the gas phase, and subsequently transported as an electrically charged ELVOC - molecule into the sensor (mass spectrometer), where the detection takes place.

Secondary organic aerosols are formed primarily through chemistry that occurs in the gas phase.

«You can build up significant quantities of water in the gas phase even without much enrichment in heavy elements,» adds Bialy.

A BGSU photochemical sciences research team has shown that a new and unusual reaction path in chemistry occurs not only in the gas phase, but also in solution.

This new and unusual reaction path occurs not only in the gas phase, but also in solution.

As a bonus, ALD occurs in the gas phase, so it doesn't require any solution processing and is considered to be a more sustainable deposition technique.»

«Ammonia likes to volatilize and, in part, stay in the gas phase.

According to Dr. Alexander N. Tarnovsky, the finding, which is important to atmospheric photochemistry, also establishes the direct link between chemical reactivity in the gas phase and in solution.

And then I started to get on that pathway of trying to follow folded complexes in the gas phase.

When in a gas phase, water molecules are spaced much farther apart and take up more space.

The molecules in these miniscule droplets of water are grouped far more closely together than when they were in their gas phase, and exert less pressure — a fact that has some pretty cool physical implications.

«Normally, whenever there is a solid material sitting on a surface, there is a certain concentration of that substance lingering in the air above it in a gas phase,» says physicist Kurt Becker, Polytechnic Institute of New York University's associate provost for research and technology initiatives.

C.R.: I was studying something else completely, and I noticed that some of the complexes were maintained in the gas phase of the mass spectrometer.

It was really telling me something about the experiment, and then I started to get on that pathway of trying to follow folded complexes in the gas phase.

I was studying protein folding pathways, and I noticed that some of the complexes were maintained in the gas phase of the mass spectrometer, but at first I thought, «Oh, that's really not what I want to see.

C.R.: I think it's important because it gives us a new view on protein complexes — for example, we can look at how proteins are interacting in membranes and also in soluble compartments of cells... actually joined together... in the gas phase of the mass spectrometer.

While removing iodine in the gas phase is relatively common, iodine has never been removed from water prior to the Dartmouth research.

The MIT team, as well as some of the other research groups, developed instruments that specifically targeted these hard - to - measure compounds, which Kroll describes as «still in the gas phase, but sticky.»

Not exact matches

An initial phase of 20 charging stations will be built at existing gas stations on major roads in Germany, Austria and Norway.

Likewise Ontario, already committed to phase out coal power by 2014, cancelled a project to build a gas - fired power plant in Oakville last year in the face of fierce local opposition.

OTTAWA — The federal Liberal government says its new regulations to phase out power plants fired by coal and natural gas will cost more than $ 2.2 billion, but potentially save the country billions more in reduced health care costs.

Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially are the following: (1) worldwide economic, political, and capital markets conditions and other factors beyond the Company's control, including natural and other disasters or climate change affecting the operations of the Company or its customers and suppliers; (2) the Company's credit ratings and its cost of capital; (3) competitive conditions and customer preferences; (4) foreign currency exchange rates and fluctuations in those rates; (5) the timing and market acceptance of new product offerings; (6) the availability and cost of purchased components, compounds, raw materials and energy (including oil and natural gas and their derivatives) due to shortages, increased demand or supply interruptions (including those caused by natural and other disasters and other events); (7) the impact of acquisitions, strategic alliances, divestitures, and other unusual events resulting from portfolio management actions and other evolving business strategies, and possible organizational restructuring; (8) generating fewer productivity improvements than estimated; (9) unanticipated problems or delays with the phased implementation of a global enterprise resource planning (ERP) system, or security breaches and other disruptions to the Company's information technology infrastructure; (10) financial market risks that may affect the Company's funding obligations under defined benefit pension and postretirement plans; and (11) legal proceedings, including significant developments that could occur in the legal and regulatory proceedings described in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10 - K for the year ended Dec. 31, 2017, and any subsequent quarterly reports on Form 10 - Q (the «Reports»).

Raitt's three - year timeline to fully dispose of older DOT - 111A tankers (and immediate phase - out of 5,000 of the most vulnerable cars) is going to be a difficult one to meet given the existing capacity for suppliers to build new tankers, as well as the desire of oil and gas companies to continue the exponential increases in oil - by - rail shipments into the future.

The accord, which seeks to phase out greenhouse gas emissions this century with a shift from fossil fuels, says in its Article 28 that any country wanting to pull out after joining up has to wait four years.

LONDON Royal Dutch Shell said on Thursday it would write down its reserves in the Groningen gas field, one of Europe's largest, following the Dutch government's decision to phase out production by 2030.

LONDON, April 26 Royal Dutch Shell said on Thursday it would write down its reserves in the Groningen gas field, one of Europe's largest, following the Dutch government's decision to phase out production by 2030.

NDP commitments include a two point cut in the small business tax rate (already implemented by the Conservatives); extension of the accelerated capital cost allowance for two years (already implemented by the Conservatives (but with a different phase in); an innovation tax credit for machinery used in research and development; an additional one cent of gas tax for the provinces for infrastructure; a transit infrastructure fund; increased funding for social housing; a major child care initiative; and, increasing ODA funding to 0.7 per cent of Gross National Income (GNI).

«This decision is a serious setback for shale gas in the UK and many must be wondering if it can ever reach production phase,» said John Williams, senior principal consultant at Poyry Management Consulting.

Industrial hemp provides both reductions in greenhouse gas contributions from the building sector during construction and lowers energy consumption in the use phase.

You could also take the opportunity in this activity to talk about the phases or states of water — solid, liquid, and gas.

He made references to some projects that government has borrowed monies from the international market to initiate for infrastructure transformation, the $ 100 million works on upgrade of the Tamale airport to an international airport; $ 38 million Tamale teaching hospital phase one; $ 172 million Kejetia Market; $ 1billion Atuabu gas project, roads infrastructure among other tall lists of projects in the country that he said are visible for Ghanaian to see.

The state Public Service Commission approved National Grid's new rate plan that will phase in roughly $ 16 in monthly increases for gas and electric customers over a three - year period.

With the discovery of larger commercial quantities of oil and gas in deep water offshore Ghana, It became necessary for the bill to passed as the new phase of oil exploration has comes with new challenges with actual development, production and utilisation of its oil and gas resources.

Linda Collart, the DEC's regional mineral resources supervisor, also wrote in the notice that the production phase of the process would be a «potential contributor of greenhouse gas emissions.»