This study focuses on current specifications, with comparisons to international norms, of gasoline, diesel and fuel oil; on measures adopted for improving the quality of such fuels and for reducing emissions, particularly the elimination of lead from gasoline, and the reduction of sulphur
in gasoline and diesel; on expected economic and environmental benefits of using cleaner fossil fuels; and on barriers facing the production and use of cleaner fuels.
A 30 % reduction
in gasoline and diesel supply would be required to reach the required blending percentage.
Benzene
in gasoline and diesel is a SERIOUS problem that has yet to be fully addressed.
The engine lineup will likely include a host of turbocharged, fuel - efficient powerplants
in both gasoline and diesel versions.
Expect a wide range of powerplants for the next - generation X3, including four - and six - cylinder engines
in gasoline and diesel variants as well as hybrid models.
The car to beat in this segment, the Volkswagen Golf is sold with a wide choice of powerplants in Europe, ranging from 1.0 - liter three - cylinder units to 2.0 - liter four - pots,
in both gasoline and diesel guises.
From 2017 the new generation of straight - six engines will be replacing the current V6 family —
in both gasoline and diesel guise.
Known internally as the F32, F33 and F36, respectively, for each body style, the 3 Series is offered with three -, four - and six - cylinder engines
in gasoline and diesel variants.
Likewise, the new X2 will share range of engines from the X1,
in gasoline and diesel, with blocks of three and four cylinders turbo with powers between 116 and 231 HP, most of those offered in Europe.
The latter will come
in both gasoline and diesel guises, mated to either a six - speed manual or a six - speed automatic.
Bentley at a later stage will also offer the Bentayga with a less expensive V - 8 engine
in gasoline and diesel form and as plug - in hybrid.
Not exact matches
The province requires 5 % renewable - fuel content
in gasoline and 2 %
in diesel, which amounts to 400 million litres a year.
Unlike
in Europe, where more than half the cars are
diesels, they are rarities
in the U.S. — about 0.5 % —
and they cost more than
gasoline - powered models.
Data out on Wednesday showed U.S. crude,
gasoline and diesel inventories down
in the last week as demand for
gasoline hit a new high.
«Breathing the air
in this parking garage can expose you to chemicals including carbon monoxide
and gasoline or
diesel engine exhaust,» California says on its parking lot warning.
Again, how much longer this can continue is uncertain, but one would imagine at some point rising crude prices will have to be reflected
in higher retail prices for
diesel and gasoline.
In Indonesia, which ended gasoline subsidies in 2015 and lowered the diesel subsidy to 500 rupiah (3.6 U.S. cents) per litre in 2016, retail prices also haven't risen by as much as the price of crude oi
In Indonesia, which ended
gasoline subsidies
in 2015 and lowered the diesel subsidy to 500 rupiah (3.6 U.S. cents) per litre in 2016, retail prices also haven't risen by as much as the price of crude oi
in 2015
and lowered the
diesel subsidy to 500 rupiah (3.6 U.S. cents) per litre
in 2016, retail prices also haven't risen by as much as the price of crude oi
in 2016, retail prices also haven't risen by as much as the price of crude oil.
Tighter supplies of
gasoline and diesel in B.C. would likely drive up prices
in B.C.'s Lower Mainland by about 10 cents per litre, said fuel market analyst Michael Ervin, senior vice-president at the Kent Group Ltd..
The jump
in crude
and gasoline stocks was offset by a bigger - than - anticipated fall
in inventories of
diesel, jet fuel
and other distillates.
But that volatility, as Ghosh likes to note, is the upside of the integrated nature of the company, which gives it a continued hedge against the differential
in world oil prices through its downstream
and midstream assets — on the midstream side, Husky operates a 2,000 - kilometre crude - oil pipeline system,
and its downstream operations include upgrading
and refining crude oil,
and marketing
gasoline,
diesel, jet fuel, asphalt
and ethanol
in Canada
and the United States.
The Colonial Pipeline carries
gasoline,
diesel and jet fuel from several refineries
in Houston, Port Arthur
and Lake Charles, along the Texas
and Louisiana Coast, up through the U.S. Southeast to Washington DC, Baltimore,
and New Jersey.
That's because, since 2005, provincial
and federal policies
in Canada have required
gasoline and diesel fuel to include some liquid biofuel.
That means there is going to be a period
in which we have too much oil,
and too little
gasoline and diesel.
With demand likely to keep growing, Michael Dei - Michei, head of research at JBC Energy
in Vienna, Austria, said jet fuel will more frequently outprice
diesel and at times
gasoline.
In the aftermath of Hurricane Harvey, which knocked off more than 20 percent of U.S. refinery capacity in the peak of refinery shutdowns, hedge funds are betting on a rise in fuel prices and have boosted their net long positions on U.S. gasoline and diesel to highs not seen for year
In the aftermath of Hurricane Harvey, which knocked off more than 20 percent of U.S. refinery capacity
in the peak of refinery shutdowns, hedge funds are betting on a rise in fuel prices and have boosted their net long positions on U.S. gasoline and diesel to highs not seen for year
in the peak of refinery shutdowns, hedge funds are betting on a rise
in fuel prices and have boosted their net long positions on U.S. gasoline and diesel to highs not seen for year
in fuel prices
and have boosted their net long positions on U.S.
gasoline and diesel to highs not seen for years.
IEnova, Sempra Energy's subsidiary
in Mexico, announced it's investing about $ 130 million
in a marine terminal that will receive, store
and deliver
gasoline and diesel fuel at its facility a few miles north of Ensenada.
This regional market has pipelines running both
in and out of it,
and oil is used by refineries within the region to produce
gasoline,
diesel fuel
and other products.
In short, it's a tax credit worth $ 0.50 per
gasoline gallon equivalent of compressed natural gas, or
diesel gallon equivalent of liquefied natural gas,
and Clean Energy has been able to claim this tax credit for a portion of its fuel sales each year.
The ensuing shutdown of the Shell Pernis facility resulted
in a price surge
in gasoline,
diesel,
and jet fuel across northwestern Europe.
Although current U.S. law prohibits raw crude from being sold abroad, the sale of 3.5 million barrels a day of refined products such as
gasoline and diesel is, ostensibly, helping to keep a cap on the price of oil elsewhere
in the world.
KATHMANDU, Nepal — Fuel - starved Nepal has signed an agreement with China to import
gasoline,
diesel and cooking gas, effectively ending a monopoly on supply from India, which has restricted fuel convoys as a result of political protests
in the Himalayan nation.
That means the company enjoys a fixed rate of return
in exchange for near - monopolistic control of the flow of
gasoline and diesel across large parts of the U.S.
Over the years, I have observed the bulk of the Evangelical fleet drift —
and then
in desperation for some greater motivation, change fuels — from the open - arms
gasoline of evangelism meetings, to the super-sparks of charismatic gifts, to the sluggish -
diesel of homogenized Biblical theology, to the stuttering -
and - sparkle fuel of Christian music, to the nitro - flamed - fuel of hating gays,
and now to the turbo - charged hatred of illegal aliens at home
and Muslims overseas.
One of the largest restaurant franchisor / franchisee organizations
in the United States, TA Restaurant Group is a division comprised of more than 850 food concepts that are affiliated with TravelCenters of America LLC - a Fortune 500 company that offers
gasoline and diesel fueling, restaurants, truck repair facilities
and convenience stores
in 43 states
and Canada.
In 2008, the company used Chevy HHR crossover vehicles
and switched from a
diesel to
gasoline fleet to reduce emissions
and its carbon footprint.
The search
and rescue assets were deploying to Joint Reserve Base Fort Worth
in Texas, he said,
and the Defense Logistics Agency has pre-positioned logistics management
and resource support, including 11 generators, 50,000 gallons of
gasoline and 50,000 gallons of
diesel fuel.
Another line would carry refined fuel —
gasoline,
diesel or heating oil — north from the refineries for storage
and use
in communities along the river.
They must submit allowances for emissions tied to all
in - state
gasoline and diesel sales.
In the lab (at the Paul Scherrer Institute, near Zurich in Switzerland), «gasoline cars emitted on average 10 times more carbonaceous PM at 22 °C and 62 times more at -7 °C compared to diesel cars,» the researchers noted in their stud
In the lab (at the Paul Scherrer Institute, near Zurich
in Switzerland), «gasoline cars emitted on average 10 times more carbonaceous PM at 22 °C and 62 times more at -7 °C compared to diesel cars,» the researchers noted in their stud
in Switzerland), «
gasoline cars emitted on average 10 times more carbonaceous PM at 22 °C
and 62 times more at -7 °C compared to
diesel cars,» the researchers noted
in their stud
in their study.
In urban areas, emissions from consumer goods such as paint, cleaning supplies and personal care products now contribute as much to ozone and fine particulate matter in the atmosphere as do emissions from burning gasoline or diesel fue
In urban areas, emissions from consumer goods such as paint, cleaning supplies
and personal care products now contribute as much to ozone
and fine particulate matter
in the atmosphere as do emissions from burning gasoline or diesel fue
in the atmosphere as do emissions from burning
gasoline or
diesel fuel.
That said, it is true that older
diesel cars do pollute more than
gasoline cars, because they don't have DPFs,
and diesel cars
in general emit far more nitrogen oxides, which cause smog
and acid rain, the study also noted.
The group found that although fuel - cell vehicles would produce zero greenhouse - gas emissions during use, the extraction
and refinement of hydrogen fuel would release three to five times as much carbon into the air as is released
in procuring
and refining
gasoline and diesel.
If oil - intensive algae were cultivated on a broad scale — the kind of scale now used for other commercial crops — they could eventually replace the 70 percent of the U.S. oil supply used for transportation
in the form of jet fuel,
gasoline,
and diesel, according to Weeks.
«Order - of - magnitude calculations suggest that implementing a low - amperage backup service appears to be more cost effective than having each homeowner buy a portable generator
and storing
diesel or
gasoline for fueling, especially if a region is expected to suffer more frequent
and longer widespread outages,» says Sunhee Baik, lead author
and doctoral student
in engineering
and public policy at Carnegie Mellon University.
Whether sold as bulk crude oil
and natural gas or as retail electricity,
gasoline or
diesel, the major exporters of OPEC, Russia
and others harbor some of the lowest domestic energy prices
in the world.
This is an accounting trick of sorts so the island generates as much energy from renewables as it consumes
in nonrenewable
diesel and gasoline.
The engine uses readily available
diesel and gasoline, but Reitz's group has also experimented with additives that bring similar advantages
in much smaller quantities.
New York City's Clean Heat Program was launched
in 2010 to eliminate the use of residual
diesel fuel oils —
diesel - based fuels that remain after
gasoline and distillate fuels have been removed from crude —
in residential buildings,
in order to help address city air pollution levels that historically failed to meet the minimum criteria for federal Clean Air Act standards.
The
diesel plug -
in hybrid can run
in all - electric mode for 14 miles with an estimated fuel economy of 89 mpg equivalent
and can achieve 35 mpg as a hybrid, which a comparable
gasoline - powered SUV would be hard - pressed to beat.
Given the erosion of the
gasoline and diesel tax base, the federal Highway Trust Fund has suffered a decline
in its balance
and experienced significant funding shortfalls, according to the paper.