Sentences with phrase «in gene expression when»

In 2008, Kozul - Horvath and Hamilton's found that mice fed a grain - based chow (Purina 5001) had no changes in gene expression when exposed to arsenic while they were dramatic when fed purified diet AIN - 76A (Click here for pdf...

When the researchers started taking weeds out of the corn at early points, such as when the corn had as few as two and four leaves, they still saw differences in gene expression when compared to corn without weeds.

Not exact matches

This dataset contains millions of genomic sequences from a diverse set of rice varieties that, when combined with phenotyping observations, gene expression, and other information, provides an important step in establishing gene - trait associations, building predictive models, and applying these models to breeding.

Therefore, variation in RNA quality across lactation stage must be considered when interpreting gene expression results across postpartum time points.

However, the impact of the two methylation - regulating enzymes was still seen at 10 to 15 months, when scientists found decreased expression of hundreds of genes — many of which are key tumor suppressor genes such as BMP3, SFRP2 and GATA4 — in the smoke - exposed cells and a five - or - more-fold increase in the signaling of the KRAS oncogene that is known to be mutated in smoking - related lung cancers.

This study built on previous research from the Sundrud lab, which showed that when TH17 cells entered the intestine in human tissue samples, they increased the expression of a gene called MDR1.

When the authors tested the ability of the lizard and snake versions of this limb - genital enhancer to function in mice, they found that the lizard version was capable of driving gene expression in the legs and the genitalia (much like the mouse version), while the snake version was only capable of driving gene expression in the genitalia.

RNAs contained in this non-coding part act as regulatory molecules and have a large impact on gene expression: where in the body and when during development or adulthood genes are expressed.

YAP can be found in the cytoplasm but also the nucleus of a cell, and when it is in the nucleus, YAP regulates gene expression.

The overlap in gene expression changes when neural progenitor cells are infected by African or Asian strains of Zika virus.

When the team induced expression of the corresponding gene in the leaves of two other plant species (one closely related to S. lycopersicum and the other more distantly related), both plants reacted to presence of the C. reflexa peptide with increased production of ethylene, and exhibited increased resistance to C. reflexa infestation.

Because the prion - forming protein identified in the study normally functions as a regulator of gene activity, the researchers say their discovery raises the possibility that when it switches to a prion state, it could alter genetic expression and bacterial behavior.

Finally, the team identified a network of genes in these regions that exhibit changes in expression when the normal boost from serotonin is lacking, and these changes depended on how long the drug was given.

When oxygen is scarce, however, HIF - 1α starts to accumulate and turns on the expression of a host of genes that assist in promoting and increasing oxygen delivery to hypoxic regions.

When the protein is mutated in Werner syndrome it disrupts the replication and repair of DNA and the expression of genes, which was thought to cause premature aging.

In contrast, when the OncoFinder algorithm is applied to the data, a clear correlation between next generation sequencing and microarray gene expression datasets was seen.

Research into the drivers of genetic diversity has largely focused on gene expression, which controls how much of a given protein will be made, when, and in what tissue.

The results showed that, when applied, a long - term inhibition of Rho - kinase signaling increased the expressions of chondrocyte - specific genes and differentiation markers in human chondrosarcoma 2/8 cells.

Using an innovative crystallization technique for studying three - dimensional structures of gene transcription machinery, an international team of researchers, led by scientists at Penn State, has revealed new insights into the long debated action of the «magic spot» — a molecule that controls gene expression in Eschericahia coli and many other bacteria when the bacteria are stressed.

While miRNAs are generally negative regulators of gene expression in eukaryotes, they also negatively regulate larval development when honeybee larvae consume beebread / pollen and take up plant miRNAs.

When his team looked at gene expression changes in the mice, then applied them to humans with early stage cancer, the results revealed a breakdown of which patients have a high or low chance of survival.

Histones and other proteins, when modified by this process known as acetylation, play critical roles in regulation of gene expression, typically resulting in increased gene expression.

L2 plays an important role in cells by activating mRNA decay, a system cells use to turn off gene expression when the proteins encoded by the mRNAs are no longer needed.

The axiom, «growing like a weed,» takes on new meaning in light of changes in gene expression that occur when weeds interact with the crops they infest, according to plant scientist Sharon Clay.

But when the UPR was chemically activated, Bmal1 stayed low during both light and dark phases, which caused a phase shift in the expression of circadian genes.

When the team measured gene expression first in the stem cells, and then re-evaluated the cells once they had become neurons, very specific differences emerged between the cells derived from bipolar disorder patients and those without the condition.

In the last 15 years, researchers worldwide have generated a large amount of information about the epigenome: proteins, factors and epigenetic markers which, when bound to DNA, regulate gene expression.

When that lab closed she went back to university, working in a biochemistry and molecular biology lab to study gene expression during wine making, but this contract, too, came to an end.

What we were surprised to find out was that the real differences we could detect in terms of when we did the swap experiments to say which yeast could outperform the other — what we learned was that the GAL1 gene, that the part [of] that, the DNA sequence is outside of the GAL1 gene, it acts as a switch to turn up or turn down GAL1 expression, that had evolved considerably from the ancestral situation; and same for the GAL3.And then what had happened was that each function had been optimized, that GAL3 had sort have been tuned to be sort of a loosely regulated kind of available anytime sensor of galactose and GAL1 had evolved to be an incredibly tightly regulated, in fact, it's the most tightly regulated gene you know of in yeast.

The researchers received another surprise when they used recently developed genomic approaches to compare the expression of genes related to calcification in coccolithophores grown under current and future seawater conditions.

When a single gene exists in the ancestral mutation, that would have made for higher levels of enzyme expression, would have messed up with sensory function.

When Bordenstein and Brucker compared gene expression patterns in normal and microbe - free offspring, they found significant changes in many of the genes involved in the immune response (Science, doi.org/m87).

When the researchers used gene engineering techniques to knock out DDX3 expression in laboratory - grown cell cultures that highly expressed this protein, cell proliferation was half that of cell cultures with high DDX3 expression.

This same feature, tumor heterogeneity, may reduce the ability to identify critical gene expression changes when comparing mean gene expression in adjacent tumor and normal tissues, as tumors of the same type may have different sets of genes differentially expressed.

Another important pathway, related to the p53 gene (a protector of the genome), is also relevant when we looked at gene expression in the skin of acne twins compared to twin controls.»

Ma and colleagues first discovered that mitochondria was involved in SMA when they analyzed gene expression profiles of motor neurons from SMA and control mice.

When the researchers eliminated the expression of this gene in the CAFs, these cells behaved like normal fibroblasts, as they lost the ability to help the tumour cells to progress.

Many factors are involved in controlling which genes get transcribed into messenger RNA and when, but RNA binding proteins interact with the messenger RNA itself to regulate gene expression after transcription has occurred.

«When we looked at gene expression, we found fairly small changes in 65 million years of the macaque, orangutan and chimpanzee evolution,» Gilad explains.»

Profiling the expression patterns of host genes revealed that the insect significantly increases the abundance of B vitamin transporters and activation enzymes when reared in the absence of its gut microbes.

Gene sequencing provides an organism's genome sequence, but gene expression profiling reveals where and when in the body certain genes are actGene sequencing provides an organism's genome sequence, but gene expression profiling reveals where and when in the body certain genes are actgene expression profiling reveals where and when in the body certain genes are active.

When the p27 gene was deleted in mice, GATA3 levels increased along with expression of POU4F3.

«Pancreatic cancer is a deadly disease and is very understudied when it comes to how it communicates with the microenvironment,» says senior author Ronald Evans, director of Salk's Gene Expression Laboratory, a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator and holder of the March of Dimes Chair in Molecular and Developmental Biology.

To work out the genetic basis, Duke University postdoctoral associate Bob Fitak and biology professor Sönke Johnsen and colleagues investigated changes in gene expression that take place across the rainbow trout genome when the animal's magnetic sense is disrupted.

In particular, they examined what happens during gene expression — when genes copy data from DNA to RNA in order to create proteinIn particular, they examined what happens during gene expression — when genes copy data from DNA to RNA in order to create proteinin order to create proteins.

«Gene expression profiling allows us to identify drugs that are potentially useful when given in combination.

Most of these were invalidated when challenged with experimental data generated in Smith's laboratory, which measured gene expression of ESCs across 23 different cell culture conditions, all of which maintained pluripotency.

Finally, allele - specific expression indicates that expression of one of the three NCAM genes has a two-fold reduction in expression when linked to the derived «sand» allele at the CNE.

When overexpressed together in developing Xenopus embryos by RNA microinjection, these genes can induce eye - like structures as defined by the expression of markers for some retinal cell classes [7].

Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) is a microarray data - mining technique used to determine whether there is coordinated differential expression or «enrichment» in a set of functionally related genes when comparing control and experimental samples [35].