Sentences with phrase «in gene recombination»

But it is possible to assume that ultimately all biological events are determined by laws, mainly by causal laws, in some cases by laws of probability (effective in gene recombination and mutation), the law of conservation of energy and the lawful acting of microphysical constants.

Not exact matches

The happenings we know a lot about, thanks to evolutionary biology, particularly of the last four decades, are the roles of mutation, recombination of genes in sexual reproduction resulting in a great diversity of gene arrangements, and natural selection.

Over time, recombination is expected to lead to a deterioration of the gene pool, a process that seems to have accelerated in bees.

Not least the fact that gene targeting using homologous recombination or any other method is not perfect — the added DNA is sometimes inserted into the wrong place in the genome, and the process can trigger other kinds of mutations too.

Homologous recombination was used to introduce a nominally transforming mutation into an endogenous H - ras1 gene in Rat1 fibroblasts.

But BRCA is just one of the many genes that encode important proteins in the DNA repair pathway known as homologous recombination,» says the study's lead author, Arielle Heeke, MD, a clinical fellow at Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center.

David Schatz of Yale University, who studies the origin of VDJ recombination, isn't yet totally convinced the sea urchin genes are in fact versions of RAG1 and RAG2.

And although the rest of Genghis Khan's genome has certainly, if Zerjal and Tyler - Smith are right, made an outsize contribution to the Central Asian gene pool, it has been chopped to bits and mixed in so thoroughly over the centuries by genetic recombination that no one today is likely to have his whole suite of genes for any particular trait.

Domain recombination resulted in greater diversity in pathway response dynamics than did duplication of genes, of single domains, or of two unlinked domains.

Mice generated from embryonic stem cells in which ion channel genes have been mutated by homologous recombination often have a perfectly normal heart.

Previously, cancer researchers surmised that since chromosomal ends get swapped in ALT, mutation of genes that restrain DNA exchange, a process scientists call recombination, might actually cause the condition (or, to extend the ping - pong metaphor, make cells lose paddle control).

Changes in BabA binding properties, through mutation and recombination with BabA - related genes, evolve due to differences between individual hosts and changes in gastric acidity over time.

Still, the concentration of male fertility genes on the Y chromosome, in multiple copies and «spell - checked» by a novel form of genetic recombination, supports a surprising theory.

GC - biased gene conversion correlates with recombination rate (86), and new GC alleles reach fixation more easily in species with larger population sizes, which tend to also have smaller body sizes (87).

When a favorable form of a gene (allele) lies within a gene - dense, low recombination region it requires much more work to bring that favorable allele into an existing variety without also dragging in neighboring genes that may exist in undesirable forms.

Their strategy, Keller explains, was to determine whether a group of genes in this area maintained its integrity by avoiding what's called recombination.

Sure enough, in the fire ants, a group of about 600 genes surrounding Gp - 9 showed a complete absence of recombination, the researchers report online today in Nature.

Prior to this work, a long - held view was that the distribution of genes in the genomes of barley, wheat and their relatives is such that the gene - dense regions are only out near the ends of chromosomes where there is also a high rate of recombination.

the new information enabled the researchers to clarify aspects of the barley genome that are important in the context of genome evolution and for practical use of genome knowledge by plant breeders and basic researchers — namely, the locations of gene - rich regions including some that have low recombination

Using «homologous recombination,» CRISPR can also be used to insert new DNA sequences or even whole genes into the genome in a precise way.

Through a process called recombination, which had not previously been seen in influenza viruses, parts of the human and swine virus genes had joined together to create a totally new antigen, one that human immune systems were unprepared for (Science, 11 May, p. 1041).

Scientists have suspected that, like cells in the immune system, olfactory neurons diversify through recombination — that is, each cell randomly shuffles its DNA so it carries a slightly different version of the same gene.

Much of this DNA is no longer capable of moving, but is likely «auditioning» perhaps as a regulator of gene function or in homologous recombination, which is a type of genetic recombination where the basic structural units of DNA, nucleotide sequences, are exchanged between two DNA molecules to repair breaks in the DNA strands.

Comparative genomics reveals that Cryptococcus species contain the meiotic genes involved in homologous recombination and synaptonemal complex formation [46], [58].

In that year, Russell and Hirata from the University of Washington reported a surprising finding - when delivered via AAV infection, gene targeting vectors with relatively short (1 kb) homology arms underwent homologous recombination at a frequency three orders of magnitude higher than identical targeting vectors delivered through transfection of naked DNA.

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The paper, entitled «Sequence Variants in the RNF212 Gene Associate with Genomewide Recombination Rate,» is published today in the online edition of Science, at www.sciencemag.org/sciencexpress.

A Phase III, Open Label, Randomized Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Olaparib (Lynparza) versus Enzalutamide or Abiraterone Acetate in Men with Metastatic Castration - Resistant Prostate Cancer who have Failed Prior Treatment with a New Hormonal Agent and have Homologous Recombination Repair Gene Mutations.

This approach allows to obtain models in shorter timelines and with reduced costs compared to gene targeting by homologous recombination in ES cells.

Both genes function in the homologous recombination (HR) pathway of the DNA double - strand break (DSB) repair...

Large - scale genomic studies have shown that half of epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs) have alterations in genes regulating homologous recombination (HR) repair.

The SNPs, referred to as rs3796619 and rs1670533, are within the RNF212 gene, and are estimated to account for approximately 22 % of paternal variability in recombination and 6.5 % of maternal variability.

Little is known about RNF212, though it is a mammalian homolog of a gene called ZHP - 3 known to be crucial for the success of recombination in other organisms.

If you look at the most clear indication of homologous recombination deficiency — loss of BRCA1 or BRCA2 cancer genes, either in the inherited germline or the tumor itself — that number is close to 25 % of ovarian cancers.

Testing for additional genes in the pathway and in a number of pathways is done through a number of commercial resources; the only other clinically relevant test is the homologous recombination defect assay, which is commercially available from Myriad Genetics.

BRCA1 is a tumour suppressor gene involved in DNA repair through homologous recombination and in preserving the integrity of the genome.

These genes are assembled by DNA recombination and code for proteins that are a crucial part of antibodies, produced in antibody - secreting lymphocytes or B - cells.

Characterized the role of biased gene conversion, a non-adaptive recombination associated process, in shaping the fastest evolving regions of the human genome.

Hypothetical roles of the methyltransferase could involve any of the following: 1) the epigenetic control of differential pir gene expression in acute and chronic infections50, 2) the sequence may have a role in genome stability and recombination, or 3) this could be a selfish gene that was able to transpose.

This approach allows to obtain mouse models in shorter timelines and with reduced costs compared to gene targeting by homologous recombination in ES cells.

Cre - lox recombination, discovered in the 1980s, is one of the most important ways to spatially and temporally control gene expression, especially in in vivo models, and new Cre - lox based technologies are still being developed today.

Gene targeting by homologous recombination in hiPS cell has proven difficult.

Approximately 20 % of metastatic prostate cancers harbor mutations in genes required for DNA repair by homologous recombination repair (HRR) such as BRCA2.

But (and here's the clever bit), while this is happening, recombination is taking place between var genes in the genomes of dividing malaria parasites.

Sequence Variants in the RNF212 Gene Associate with Genomewide Recombination Rate.

By doing this, the scientists found that var gene recombination was happening in around 0.2 per cent of parasite cells every 48 hours.

Recombination sequences in plant mitochondrial genomes: Diversity and homologies to known mitochondrial genes

«But BRCA is just one of the many genes that encode important proteins in the DNA repair pathway known as homologous recombination.

In contrast to the honeybee genome, gene density in the parasitoid wasp genome is positively associated with the recombination rate; regions of low recombination are characterized by fewer genes with larger introns and by a greater distance between geneIn contrast to the honeybee genome, gene density in the parasitoid wasp genome is positively associated with the recombination rate; regions of low recombination are characterized by fewer genes with larger introns and by a greater distance between genein the parasitoid wasp genome is positively associated with the recombination rate; regions of low recombination are characterized by fewer genes with larger introns and by a greater distance between genes.

The only clue indicating that differences in gene expression level are not the reason for the observed correlation between the recombination rate and the size of introns is that we do not see a comparable pattern when examining the size of exons, the number of exons per gene, and the overall size of proteins.