Sentences with phrase «in general circulation»

Convection can not be explicitly resolved in general circulation models given their typical grid size of 50 km or larger.

Another way to test the importance of atmospheric changes would be to calculate both the TOA and surface forcing using the satellite measurements, and then impose this transient forcing in a general circulation model that calculates both the atmosphere and ocean response.

Both these assumptions typically hold quite well in general circulation models (GCMs).

Global - annual mean adjusted radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere is, in general, a reliable metric relating the effects of various climate perturbations to global mean surface temperature change as computed in general circulation models (GCMs).

Motivated by findings that major components of so - called cloud «feedbacks» are best understood as rapid responses to CO2 forcing (Gregory and Webb in J Clim 21:58 — 71, 2008), the top of atmosphere (TOA) radiative effects from forcing, and the subsequent responses to global surface temperature changes from all «atmospheric feedbacks» (water vapour, lapse rate, surface albedo, «surface temperature» and cloud) are examined in detail in a General Circulation Model.

Charles, C.D., D. Rind, R. Healy, and R. Webb, 2001: Tropical cooling and the isotopic composition of precipitation in general circulation model simulations of the ice age climate.

A global archive of land cover and soils data for use in general circulation climate models.

At the location of convection, the horizontal scale is approximately the same as the vertical scale, as opposed to the large contrast between these scales in the general circulation.

Synoptically forced hydroclimatology of major Arctic watersheds in general circulation models; Part 2: Eurasian watersheds.

the agreement between the simulated and observed global temperature is often used as a supporting argument in the model evaluation process, and certainly as a visual demonstration of consistency between the theoretical understanding of the climate system, its implementation in general circulation climate model models (GCMs) and the observed trends [IPCC, 2007, Fig.

Tropical cyclones play an important role in the general circulation of the atmosphere, accounting for 2 percent of the global annual rainfall and between 4 and 5 percent of the global rainfall in August and September at the height of the...

Neelin, J. D., and and Coauthors,, 1992: Tropical air — sea interaction in general circulation models.

The Process Study and Model Improvement (PSMI) Panel's mission is to reduce uncertainties in the general circulation models used for climate variability prediction and climate change projections through an improved understanding and representation of the physical processes governing climate and its variation.

As a response [and as consequence of an increase in the general circulation] on average dry regions would get drier, and wet regions would become wetter.

T.» A Dramatic Change in the General Circulation on the West Coast of Hudson Bay in 1760 A.D.: Synoptic Evidence Based on Historic Records», Syllogeus Climatic Change in Canada 5: Critical Periods in the Quaternary Climatic History of Northern North America, Editor, C.R. Harington, National Museums of Canada, 1985, Vol.

This shift is caused by global climatic warming that leads to higher energy in the general circulation: The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)-- known more commonly as monsoon — increases in strength due to increased convection and convergence.

John's focus was in General Circulation Model applications.

July 17, 2013 at 1:39 pm The lapse rate feedback is only a negative feedback (in the general circulation model) if the long wave radiation that is released when the water vapour condenses is emitted to space rather than trapped by increased water vapour.

More recently, including the carbon chemistry system in general circulation models has simply been a question of allocation of computing resources.

O'Gorman, P. A., and T. Schneider, 2007: Recovery of atmospheric flow statistics in a general circulation model without nonlinear eddy - eddy interactions.

«However, the relatively weak * decrease * in precipitation with temperature seen in general circulation models...»

«It is now widely known that the water vapor feedback in general circulation models (GCMs) is close to that which would result from a climate ‐ invariant distribution of relative humidity [Soden and Held, 2006], as long anticipated before the advent of such models [e.g., Arrhenius, 1896; Manabe and Wetherald, 1967].»

Sato, N., et al., 1989: Effects of implementing the simple biosphere model in a general circulation model.

Phillips, T.J., et al., 2004: Evaluating parameterizations in general circulation models: Climate simulation meets weather prediction.

Takahashi, M., 1999: The first realistic simulation of the stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation in a general circulation model.

Hendon, H.H., 2000: Impact of air — sea coupling on the Madden — Julian oscillation in a general circulation model.

Mechoso, C.R., et al., 1995: The seasonal cycle over the tropical Pacific in general circulation model.

Heymsfield, A.J., and L. Donner, 1990: A scheme for parameterizing ice - cloud water content in general circulation models.

Hadley circulation is the main mechanism for moving the surplus of energy at near the equator to high latitudes and plays a key role in the general circulation of the atmosphere.

These bacteria, once in the general circulation of the body, may be considered harmful, and the body generates an immune response.

Had his writings been in general circulation in the years during which the gospels were taking form, they would surely have exercised some theological influence upon the gospels, it is argued.

For it is a plain fact that nowadays there are no conservative or reactionary ideas in general circulation.»

When he writes «traditionalist,» my friend has in mind a careful definition that excludes the likes of Cardinal Burke and Pope Emeritus Benedict, but the word in general circulation has a broader range than that, and many gentle souls get caught in its net.

After The Conservative Mind, however, it was no longer possible to accept Lionel Trilling's claim that «nowadays there are no conservative or reactionary ideas in general circulation.»

Not exact matches

«The standard circulation for cabinet memoranda includes the Queen, the Prince of Wales, all members of the cabinet, any other ministers in charge of departments, the attorney general and the chief whip... Ministers of state and junior ministers do not normally receive memoranda.»

In the statement, Lenny Valdivia Bautista, Executive Director General of ASFI, expressed that it is imperative to remember that the Central Bank of Bolivia (BCB) has forbidden the circulation and use of virtual currencies of any kind.

The Kogi state police command has recovered a total of 457 guns in the state following the Inspector General of police Ibrahim Idris directive last year to mop up all illegal arms and ammunition in circulation.

Visceral fat differs from subcutaneous fat in that it releases fatty acids and inflammatory substances directly into the liver rather than into the general circulation.

And, in fact, the general circulation — the global system of ocean and air currents that we observe — results from this north - south imbalance.

In the tropics, the general circulation consists of a north - south cell, known as the Hadley cell.

Its impact appears to reduce the ability of the cells in the eye's trabecular meshwork to continually move the clear aqueous humor out of the front of the eye and dump it into the body's general circulation, said Liu, corresponding author of the study in the journal Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science.

Founded in 1880 with the support of American inventor Thomas Edison, Science has grown to become the world's leading publication for cutting - edge research, scientific news, and commentary, with the largest paid circulation of any peer - reviewed general - science journal.

The approach proposed in the paper combines information from observation - based data, general circulation models (GCMs) and regional climate models (RCMs).

Science has the largest paid circulation of any peer - reviewed general science journal in the world.

«We have seen that H3N2 viruses have been in fairly broad circulation in some of the countries there,» Keiji Fukuda, special adviser on pandemic to the director - general of the World Health Organization, said at a press conference today.

The report by a team led by Udo Hoffmann, MD, MPH, of the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) appears in the June 13 issue of Circulation.

The group also used a general circulation model to predict what might be expected to happen in the world's wine locales in the next 50 years and determined that an average additional warming of two degrees C may occur.

Drug - resistant bacteria that usually attack only hospital patients may now have jumped into broader circulation in the general population, according to a study in tomorrow's Journal of the American Medical Association.

Furhman said that in studies with animals his filtration system decreased the amount of Adriamycin reaching the general blood circulation by more than 90 per cent.

In the study, researchers analyzed a series of transient Coupled General Circulation Model simulations forced by changes in greenhouse gases, orbital forcing, meltwater discharge and the ice - sheet history throughout the past 21,000 yearIn the study, researchers analyzed a series of transient Coupled General Circulation Model simulations forced by changes in greenhouse gases, orbital forcing, meltwater discharge and the ice - sheet history throughout the past 21,000 yearin greenhouse gases, orbital forcing, meltwater discharge and the ice - sheet history throughout the past 21,000 years.