If there was such evidence then I would see a scientific basis for the conclusion something has really changed
in the global atmospheric temperature record during the new century compared to the decades before.
The increased melting of Greenland glaciers in the 1930's is entirely consistent with my paper's rise
in global atmospheric temperature 1905 to 1940, usually neglected by the IPCC.
««Of the rise
in global atmospheric temperature over the past century, nearly 30 % occurred between 1910 and 1940 when anthropogenic forcings were relatively weak.»
It is entirely likely that causes such as fluctuations in the sun's intensity and volcanic eruptions may have contributed to a change
in the global atmospheric temperature.
New measurements by NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies indicate that 2012 was the ninth warmest year since 1880, and that the past decade or so has seen some of the warmest years in the last 132 years.One way to illustrate changes
in global atmospheric temperatures is by looking at how far temperatures stray from «normal», or a baseline.
Droplets can persist for months to years leading to small decreases
in global atmospheric temperatures.
Both precipitation and thermal regimes in Pakistan have suffered changes, especially in the recent two decades in line with a sharp jump
in global atmospheric temperatures.
Not exact matches
This «would create a persistent layer of black carbon particles
in the northern stratosphere that could cause potentially significant changes
in the
global atmospheric circulation and distributions of ozone and
temperature,» they concluded.
In our industrial world, rapidly increasing
atmospheric CO2 has surpassed 400 ppm, levels not achieved since the Pliocene era about 3 million years ago, while
global temperature has increased nearly 1 °C since the 1870s.
The
temperatures in the central Pacific have the biggest impact on the
global atmospheric circulation, and therefore the biggest impacts on
global weather, says Timmerman, who has been warning that this El Niño is likely to be a record - breaker.
Indeed, the team estimates that this cooling effect could reduce by two - thirds the predicted increase
in global temperatures initiated by a doubling of
atmospheric carbon dioxide.
Now a group of American and British scientists have used a new chemical technique to measure the change
in terrestrial
temperature associated with this shift
in global atmospheric CO2 concentrations.
Because air
temperature significantly alters
atmospheric dynamics, which
in turn affects moisture transport, scientists speculate that this increase of high altitude moisture may be tied to
global warming.
However, this has to a large extent not led to immediate action to address the severity of the imminent crisis of rising
global temperatures and associated problems due to the increase
in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations due to human activity.
Photosynthesis — the process green plants use to convert energy from the sun that plants use to grow — from tropical forests, plays a huge role
in determining
global atmospheric CO2 concentration, which is closely linked the
global temperature and rate of climate change.
The second simulation overlaid that same weather data with a «pseudo
global warming» technique using an accepted scenario that assumes a 2 - to 3 - degree increase
in average
temperature, and a doubling of
atmospheric carbon dioxide.
Their findings, based on output from four
global climate models of varying ocean and
atmospheric resolution, indicate that ocean
temperature in the U.S. Northeast Shelf is projected to warm twice as fast as previously projected and almost three times faster than the
global average.
«This emphasizes the importance of large - scale energy transport and
atmospheric circulation changes
in restoring Earth's
global temperature equilibrium after a natural, unforced warming event,» Li said.
«Human influence is so dominant now,» Baker asserts, «that whatever is going to go on
in the tropics has much less to do with sea surface
temperatures and the earth's orbital parameters and much more to do with deforestation, increasing
atmospheric carbon dioxide and
global warming.»
It is well - established
in the scientific community that increases
in atmospheric CO2 levels result
in global warming, but the magnitude of the effect may vary depending on average
global temperature.
By analyzing
global water vapor and
temperature satellite data for the lower atmosphere, Texas A&M University
atmospheric scientist Andrew Dessler and his colleagues found that warming driven by carbon dioxide and other gases allowed the air to hold more moisture, increasing the amount of water vapor
in the atmosphere.
Even if we could determine a «safe» level of interference
in the climate system, the sensitivity of
global mean
temperature to increasing
atmospheric CO2 is known perhaps only to a factor of three or less.
«(A) describe increased risks to natural systems and society that would result from an increase
in global average
temperature 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit (2 degrees Celsius) above the pre-industrial average or an increase
in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations above 450 parts per million carbon dioxide equivalent; and
For example, he said, most participants recognized that carbon dioxide increases
global temperatures, yet mistakenly indicated that rising levels of
atmospheric CO2 are expected to «reduce photosynthesis
in plants.»
The climate sensitivity classically defined is the response of
global mean
temperature to a forcing once all the «fast feedbacks» have occurred (
atmospheric temperatures, clouds, water vapour, winds, snow, sea ice etc.), but before any of the «slow» feedbacks have kicked
in (ice sheets, vegetation, carbon cycle etc.).
«The consensus is that a doubling of
atmospheric CO2 from its pre-industrial revolution value would result
in an average
global temperature rise of (3.0 ± 1.5) °C.»
While ECS is the equilibrium
global mean
temperature change that eventually results from
atmospheric CO2 doubling, the smaller TCR refers to the
global mean
temperature change that is realised at the time of CO2 doubling under an idealised scenario
in which CO2 concentrations increase by 1 % yr — 1 (Cubasch et al., 2001; see also Section 8.6.2.1).
For as much as
atmospheric temperatures are rising, the amount of energy being absorbed by the planet is even more striking when one looks into the deep oceans and the change
in the
global heat content (Figure 4).
These rising
atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations have led to an increase
in global average
temperatures of ~ 0.2 °C decade — 1, much of which has been absorbed by the oceans, whilst the oceanic uptake of
atmospheric CO2 has led to major changes
in surface ocean pH (Levitus et al., 2000, 2005; Feely et al., 2008; Hoegh - Guldberg and Bruno, 2010; Mora et al., 2013; Roemmich et al., 2015).
Not surprisingly, given that the surface ocean is responsible for much of
atmospheric warming, ocean warming and
global surface air
temperatures vary largely
in phase with one another.
Hi Andrew, Paper you may have, but couldn't find on «The phase relation between
atmospheric carbon dioxide and
global temperature» CO2 lagging temp change, which really turns the entire AGW argument on its head: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921818112001658 Highlights: ► Changes
in global atmospheric CO2 are lagging 11 — 12 months behind changes
in global sea surface
temperature ► Changes
in atmospheric CO2 are not tracking changes
in human emissions.
The research, by Chris de Freitas, a climate scientist at the University of Auckland
in New Zealand, John McLean (Melbourne) and Bob Carter (James Cook University), finds that the El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a key indicator of
global atmospheric temperatures seven months later.
Polar amplification,
in which
temperatures at the poles rise more rapidly than
temperatures at the equator (due to factors like the
global atmospheric and oceanic circulation of heat from the equator to the poles), plays a major role
in the rate of ice sheet retreat.
Some
global warming «skeptics» argue that the Earth's climate sensitivity is so low that a doubling of
atmospheric CO2 will result
in a surface
temperature change on the order of 1 °C or less, and that therefore
global warming is nothing to worry about.
If greenhouse gases were responsible for
global temperature increases
in recent decades,
atmospheric physics require that higher levels of our atmosphere would show greater warming than lower levels.
Regarding your second comment,
in point of fact
temperature increase is linear with logarithmically increasing CO2: climate sensitivity, you may recall, measures
global mean surface
temperature increase per doubling of
atmospheric concentration of CO2.
The CDR potential and possible environmental side effects are estimated for various COA deployment scenarios, assuming olivine as the alkalinity source
in ice ‐ free coastal waters (about 8.6 % of the
global ocean's surface area), with dissolution rates being a function of grain size, ambient seawater
temperature, and pH. Our results indicate that for a large ‐ enough olivine deployment of small ‐ enough grain sizes (10 µm),
atmospheric CO2 could be reduced by more than 800 GtC by the year 2100.
In other research around atmospheric dynamics of tidally locked exoplanets, there could be a situation where the world has efficient «air conditioning» — hot air from one hemisphere is distributed about the planet in such a way to balance global temperature
In other research around
atmospheric dynamics of tidally locked exoplanets, there could be a situation where the world has efficient «air conditioning» — hot air from one hemisphere is distributed about the planet
in such a way to balance global temperature
in such a way to balance
global temperatures.
We use measured
global temperature and Earth's measured energy imbalance to determine the
atmospheric CO2 level required to stabilize climate at today's
global temperature, which is near the upper end of the
global temperature range
in the current interglacial period (the Holocene).
First let's define the «equilibrium climate sensitivity» as the «equilibrium change
in global mean surface
temperature following a doubling of the
atmospheric (equivalent) CO2 concentration.
Res — math.ku.dk ``... Evidence is mounting that changes
in global surface
temperature can be attributed to human activities that increase the
atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases and tropospheric sulfates [Sanier et al, 1996a, 1996b].
The climate sensitivity classically defined is the response of
global mean
temperature to a forcing once all the «fast feedbacks» have occurred (
atmospheric temperatures, clouds, water vapour, winds, snow, sea ice etc.), but before any of the «slow» feedbacks have kicked
in (ice sheets, vegetation, carbon cycle etc.).
The link between
global temperature and rate of sea level change provides a brilliant opportunity for cross-validation of these two parameters over the last several millenia (one might add -
in the relationship between
atmospheric [CO2] and Earth
temperature in the period before any significant human impact on [CO2]-RRB-.
If the
global atmospheric CO2 content continues to increase exponentially, as it will, and
temperatures remain static, how many reports must pass before the IPCC reduce their confidence
in AGW?
The model is analogue to: Increase
in global average
atmospheric temperature (K) = Effect from CO2 (K / ppm CO2) * Increase
in CO2 level (ppm CO2)
It is no coincidence that shifts
in ocean and
atmospheric indices occur at the same time as changes
in the trajectory of
global surface
temperature.
3) Simpler models can be designed to fit many aspects of the
global temperature time series, or the most straightforward aspects of the
atmospheric dynamics (Q - G models with dry physics for instance)(See Held, 2005
in BAMS for more examples).
If greenhouse gases were responsible for
global temperature increases
in recent decades,
atmospheric physics require that higher levels of our atmosphere would show greater warming than lower levels.
If the
global atmospheric CO2 content continues to increase exponentially, as it will, and
temperatures remain static, how many decades must pass before the IPCC reduce their confidence
in AGW?
However,
atmospheric CO2 content plays an important internal feedback role.Orbital - scale variability
in CO2 concentrations over the last several hundred thousand years covaries (Figure 5.3) with variability
in proxy records including reconstructions of
global ice volume (Lisiecki and Raymo, 2005), climatic conditions
in central Asia (Prokopenko et al., 2006), tropical (Herbert et al., 2010) and Southern Ocean SST (Pahnke et al., 2003; Lang and Wolff, 2011), Antarctic
temperature (Parrenin et al., 2013), deep - ocean
temperature (Elder eld et al., 2010), biogeochemical conditions
in the Northet al., 2008).