Sentences with phrase «in haltere»

I was able to show that the Dpp mobility restriction in the haltere is due in large part to transcriptional up - regulation of tkv.

The mechanism by which Ubx orchestrates these changes in the haltere is a telling example of selector gene function.

Because receptor binding impedes morphogen mobility, I examined the expression pattern of the Dpp receptor thickveins (tkv) and found it to be strongly up - regulated in the haltere compared with the wing.

Ubx converts one tkv repressor into a repressor of a second tkv repressor, thereby upregulating tkv levels in all haltere cells.

In the haltere, the same is true of the regulator of the size regulators: Heterozygous Ubx mutant flies have enlarged halteres (1), and flies with extra copies of the Ubx locus have shrunken halteres (7).

Reduced morphogen availability causes a reduction in haltere size relative to the wing.

We know that all differences between these appendages are specified by the expression of the Hox gene Ultrabithoax (Ubx) in the haltere and its absence from the wing (1).

In the haltere, I found Dpp signaling to be largely restricted to the cells in which it is produced (2).

For example, the Wnt and Hedgehog morphogen pathways are also altered in the haltere relative to the wing (4, 5).

Not exact matches

To determine how halteres work, Leif Ristroph of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, placed tiny magnetic rods on the backs of fruit flies and released them.

Despite (or perhaps because of) the silencing of subsets of Ubx enhancers, Ubx protein levels remain normal in the outcrossed progeny, and their halteres develop perfectly.

As a consequence, morphogen mobility is severely impaired in the posterior side of the tissue, causing the posterior of the haltere to be smaller than the anterior (5)(see the figure).

The alterations in transcription of dpp and tkv account for much of the reduced size of the haltere relative to the wing (2).