Sentences with phrase «in human macrophages»

Although this study was done in mice, the same mechanisms were found in human macrophages infected with TB.

The researchers next showed that the Smurf1 gene controls M. tuberculosis growth in human macrophages and that the Smurf1 protein was found in association with bacteria in the lungs of patients with tuberculosis infections.

Not exact matches

Although multi-functional, other proteins in human milk, including secretory IgA, lactoferrin and lysozyme — and macrophages and free fatty acids — act as anti-infective agents, which are essential for the preterm infant.

By analyzing chemical changes of the IRS - 2 protein in immortalized cultures of human white blood cells, it determined that IRS - 2 appeared in two different forms — «on,» which allows the signal to pass through, and «off,» which stops the signal from activating the cells into M2 macrophages.

Now, a study published online April 27th, in the Journal of Immunology, confirms that the cytokine GM - CSF (Granulocyte macrophage colony - stimulating factor) likely plays an important role in human disease and offers a new explanation for why the MS treatment interferon - Beta (INF - β) is often effective at reducing MS attacks.

In earlier studies involving animal models and human cancer cell lines, researchers found that breast cancer spreads when three specific cells are in direct contact: an endothelial cell (a type of cell that lines the blood vessels), a perivascular macrophage (a type of immune cell found near blood vessels), and a tumor cell that produces high levels of Mena, a protein that enhances a cancer cell's ability to spreaIn earlier studies involving animal models and human cancer cell lines, researchers found that breast cancer spreads when three specific cells are in direct contact: an endothelial cell (a type of cell that lines the blood vessels), a perivascular macrophage (a type of immune cell found near blood vessels), and a tumor cell that produces high levels of Mena, a protein that enhances a cancer cell's ability to spreain direct contact: an endothelial cell (a type of cell that lines the blood vessels), a perivascular macrophage (a type of immune cell found near blood vessels), and a tumor cell that produces high levels of Mena, a protein that enhances a cancer cell's ability to spread.

We show here that acidic mammalian chitinase (AMCase) is induced via a T helper - 2 (Th2)-- specific, interleukin - 13 (IL - 13)-- mediated pathway in epithelial cells and macrophages in an aeroallergen asthma model and expressed in exaggerated quantities in human asthma.

In mice engineered so their macrophage cells would mimic those of people, expressing the human SIRPα protein, nanoparticles tagged with the CD47 peptide passports stuck around in the circulation rather than being gobbled uIn mice engineered so their macrophage cells would mimic those of people, expressing the human SIRPα protein, nanoparticles tagged with the CD47 peptide passports stuck around in the circulation rather than being gobbled uin the circulation rather than being gobbled up.

They will study human macrophages and dendritic cells isolated from IBD patients with defective GM - CSF function, «The approach represents a step forward in personalizing how we treat patients with IBD,» said Dr. Colombel.

Macrophages may live longer in humans than in mice, and the persistence of those cells might be responsible for preserving tattoos in human skin, he says.

By searching the scientific literature, Munn found that the macrophages» tryptophan - eating enzyme, called IDO or indoleamine 2,3 - dioxygenase, was also produced in large quantities by human placental tissue.

However, regulatory roles of M2 macrophages in urinary stone formation in humans have not been studied.»

«The protein Smurf1 functions in specialized white blood cells called macrophages in both mice and humans, thereby suggesting a conserved evolutionary pathway,» said Dr. Shiloh, co-senior author of the study along with Dr. Beth Levine, Director of the University's Center for Autophagy Research.

When they put human macrophages in the lower compartment filled with cell culture medium, the cells rose toward the membrane.

Humans respond to cold in two ways: we shiver to produce a quick burst of heat, and as Ajay Chawla at the University of California, San Francisco, recently discovered, immune signals get sent to molecules called macrophages.

They show that highly purified NS1 acts as a pathogen - associated molecular pattern (PAMP) that activates mouse macrophages and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in culture via TLR4, resulting in release of inflammatory cytokines — an effect that was blocked by either a TLR4 antagonist or an anti-TLR4 antibody.

«If we could find human rheumatoid arthritis patients carrying a defect in degrading DNA in macrophages, a new treatment would be developed,» says Nagata.

Our data in humans and mice show that adipocyte size is a strong predictor of the percentage of macrophages in adipose tissue (Figure 3e).

We estimate that the percentage of macrophages in adipose tissue ranges from under 10 % in lean mice and humans to over 50 % in extremely obese, leptin - deficient mice and nearly 40 % in obese humans.

Using quantitative RT - PCR we determined the relative expression levels of the macrophage expressed gene Cd68 in human abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue.

Our results indicate that adipose tissue macrophage accumulation is directly proportional to measures of adiposity in mice and humans.

Similar relationships were found in human subcutaneous adipose tissue stained for the macrophage antigen CD68.

1,25 - dihydroxyvitamin D3 protects against macrophage - induced activation of NF?B and MAPK signalling and chemokine release in human adipocytes.

While earlier work has reported persistence of HIV in these cells — macrophages — investigators in this work developed a mouse model with an immune system generated from human cells but lacking T cells, which are a primary target of and reservoir for HIV.

Nahrendorf and his colleagues have found macrophages within the AV node in human hearts, too.

Macrophages (green) squeeze in between heart cells (red) in an area of the heart called the AV node, as seen in this reconstruction of a human AV node.

STM can cause gastroenteritis in humans and a lethal infection in mice that lack a macrophage protein called Nramp1.

We describe here that in cells derived from human monocytes, i.e., macrophages and dendritic cells, the B - subunit was internalized in a receptor - dependent manner, but retrograde transport to the biosynthetic / secretory pathway did not occur and part of the internalized protein was degraded in lysosomes.

There are, however, limited in vitro models to study the role of host genetics in the response of macrophages to this obligate human pathogen.

Here, we describe an approach using macrophages derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSdMs) to study macrophage - Chlamydia interactions in vitro.

The next step is to study the function of macrophages in salamanders and compare them with their human and mouse counterparts.

The large pigmented CD68 - positive cells observed in the subretinal space at 13 weeks are likely to be macrophages / microglia filled with melanin [46], [47] from the transplanted human iPS - RPE cells.

Ultimately, Godwin would like to understand why macrophages produced by adult mice and humans don't suppress scarring in the same way as in axolotls and then identify molecules and pathways that could be exploited for human therapies.

T - VEC, recently approved for the treatment of advanced melanoma, is an oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 engineered to replicate selectively in tumor cells and express human granulocyte - macrophage colony - stimulating factor.