Sentences with phrase «in ice flux»

Hence, a tenfold increase in ice flux may be possible for Jakobshavn Isbræ if the trough does not narrow substantially with distance upstream.

Thus, for every 1 % increase in local sea level, there is a ~ 5 % increase in ice flux through the grounding line (though this may be higher if the bed is slippery near the grounding line, see Tsai et al. 2015).

Not exact matches

This anterior - posterior heat flux is important in preventing these ice mole rats from sinking through the ice sheets and is unknown in any other mammal.

The magnetic strings in the spin ice do not fit the Dirac definition, Kimball feels, because they are, in fact, observable and merely carry flux between two opposing so - called monopoles.

By his assessment, the magnetic strings in the spin ice do not fit the Dirac definition because they are, in fact, observable and merely carry flux between two opposing so - called monopoles.

The continued reduction in the extent of sea ice in the Arctic is expected to lead to increased photosynthetic primary production and POC flux there (Jones et al., 2014), which could benefit fauna whose energetic demands increase as a result of ocean acidification (e.g., calcifying taxa).

I know that, such as East Antarctica, which ice sheet's thickness could reach several kilometers therefore huge pressure and geothermal flux results in melting, then the subglacial lakes and water channels.

Freshwater flux has little effect on simulated Northern Hemisphere sea ice until the 7th decade of freshwater growth (Fig. 13d), but Southern Hemisphere sea ice is more sensitive, with substantial response in the 5th decade and large response in the 6th decade.

Fichefet, T., et al., 2003: Implications of changes in freshwater flux from the Greenland ice sheet for the climate of the 21st century.

Since IPCC (2001) the cryosphere has undergone significant changes, such as the substantial retreat of arctic sea ice, especially in summer; the continued shrinking of mountain glaciers; the decrease in the extent of snow cover and seasonally frozen ground, particularly in spring; the earlier breakup of river and lake ice; and widespread thinning of antarctic ice shelves along the Amundsen Sea coast, indicating increased basal melting due to increased ocean heat fluxes in the cavities below the ice shelves.

Geothermal heat flux is an important factor in controlling basal ice temperatures, and subglacial volcanoes regularly cause localised melting in ice sheets.

Gordon, C., et al., 2000: The simulation of SST, sea ice extents and ocean heat transports in a version of the Hadley Centre coupled model without flux adjustments.

Stable grounding lines can not be established on these reverse bed slopes1, because ice thickness is a key factor in controlling ice flux across the grounding line.

•» According to Zhang (2007) thermal expansion in the lower latitude is unlikely because of the reduced salt rejection and upper - ocean density and the enhanced thermohaline stratification tend to suppress convective overturning, leading to a decrease in the upward ocean heat transport and the ocean heat flux available to melt sea ice.

The ice melting from ocean heat flux decreases faster than the ice growth does in the weakly stratified Southern Ocean, leading to an increase in the net ice production and hence an increase in ice mass.»

Suppression of ocean circulation overturning decreases the ocean heat flux available to melt ice, leading to an increase in net ice production [13].

She has also participated in group shows at The Ice Box, AUX / VOX Populi, Tiger Strikes Asteroid, Flux Gallery, Barber Shop Gallery and Stella Elkins Tyler Gallery, Philadelphia, UWM Union Art Gallery, Milwaukee, and at the Hampshire College Gallery, Amherst.

Similarly, Out of Empty (2013) presents material in flux — a glass of container holding a series of objects cast from aluminum batteries and black polyurethane rubber watch which are stranded in a layer of ice water as if obsolete fossils.

I have to this date never seen these variations in actual solar activity / cosmic ray flux taken into account when modelling previous ice age cycles, which I find deeply concerning.

On the other hand, if volumetric loss is a good proxy for Northward net heat fluxes, as discussed in my comment above, then we might expect the volumetric losses to remain relatively constant, in which case they would represent ever - greater proportions of the remaining ice.

[Response: Here's a simple back - of - envelope consideration for the future: if the Greenland ice sheet melts completely over the next ~ 1,000 years (Jim Hansen argues in the current Climatic Change that the time scale could be centuries), this would contribute an average flux of ~ 0.1 Sv of freshwater to the surrounding ocean.

in reply to Thomas: «Rather than flow speeds (presumably at or near the terminus) I'd rather see the total flux of ice presented.

What the ice actually does in a particular year depends upon the «forcings» (to misapply a term, perhaps) actually occurring — net ocean heat fluxes, net radiative fluxes, winds and currents (especially, but not exclusively, as they determine ice export to the North Atlantic.)

First, the more appropriate scientific definition of climate is that it is a system involving the oceans, land, atmosphere and continental ice sheets with interfacial fluxes between these components, as we concluded in the 2005 National Research Council report.

In new convective sites heat flux variations initially are related to sea - ice variations.

Or is the freshwater flux to the ocean from the melting ice sheet for some reason not represented in the models as a forcing on the circulation?

In essence Zhang proposes that the warming factors reduce the growth of sea ice which reduces ocean overturning allowing increased stratification of the ocean which in turn reduces ocean heat flux available to melt icIn essence Zhang proposes that the warming factors reduce the growth of sea ice which reduces ocean overturning allowing increased stratification of the ocean which in turn reduces ocean heat flux available to melt icin turn reduces ocean heat flux available to melt ice.

As I understand it, even a small amount (a few Watt / m ^ 2) of sustained heat - flux very significantly impacts growth of multi-year ice in winter, and possibly make a difference between 6 - 7 meter MYI and just 1 - 2 meter ice.

It had a role due to increased ice fluxes through the Fram Strait in the early 1990s, when the AO / NAO was very positive.

-- I understand that less than 10 TW may be explained by ice melting... In order to «lodge» somewhere... this «puzzling 500 TW gap»... I do not see any other «spot» than the # 40 PW of latent heat flux that maintain the water cycle...

This study proposes a mechanism sustaining the enhanced westerly winds by a cyclonic atmospheric circulation in the Barents Sea region created by a strong surface heat flux over the ice - free areas.

concluded from magnetic satellite measurements that the heat fluxes below the ice are anything but uniformal and (should) have a major effect on ice modelling in the future.

So in our time ice is experiencing a similar forcing, but with more longwave flux, less shortwave — although we also have the dubious benefit of anthropogenic black carbon emissions.

Not only that, but the sea ice insulates the atmosphere from the ocean, and without it heat fluxes from the ocean to the atmosphere increase — all of which assists in the melting of the permafrost.

The main result of this research, is that the variations of the flux, as predicted from the galactic model and as observed from the Iron meteorites is in sync with the occurrence of ice - age epochs on Earth.

«In addition, we are currently developing a method that also allows for high - precision hydrogen isotopic measurements on methane in ice cores, which will further improve our emission flux constraints,» revealed FischeIn addition, we are currently developing a method that also allows for high - precision hydrogen isotopic measurements on methane in ice cores, which will further improve our emission flux constraints,» revealed Fischein ice cores, which will further improve our emission flux constraints,» revealed Fischer.

«Changes in the Poleward Energy Flux by the Atmosphere and Ocean as a Possible Cause for Ice Ages.»

However, even a smaller figure (I had calculated about 0.17 W / m ^ 2 based on your inflated figure for total planetary albedo, but you can check it out) is still significant when compared with the total flux imbalance, which I think is a more informative comparison than an arbitrarily selected change in cloud cover, because it compares the sea ice reduction with the effects of all climate variations that have been operating in recent years..

The ice normally reflects more heat and sunlight back into space than open ocean or bare ground, so when it is reduced, the Earth gets a small incremental heat flux that will result in an increase in temperatures.

We quantify sea - level commitment in the baseline case by building on Levermann et al. (10), who used physical simulations to model the SLR within a 2,000 - y envelope as the sum of the contributions of (i) ocean thermal expansion, based on six coupled climate models; (ii) mountain glacier and ice cap melting, based on surface mass balance and simplified ice dynamic models; (iii) Greenland ice sheet decay, based on a coupled regional climate model and ice sheet dynamic model; and (iv) Antarctic ice sheet decay, based on a continental - scale model parameterizing grounding line ice flux in relation to temperature.

While vertical AW [Atlantic Water] heat fluxes are negligible in the Canadian Basin, turbulent mixing may be strong enough in the western Nansen Basin to produce a sizable effect of AW heat on sea ice.

Extra Cold water in the Circumpolar current, low Solar activity [10.7 cm Flux - > 100 — 110], and Sun still in Northern Hemisphere these combine to accelerate the Cold / Cooling increasing the Sea Ice Extent.

You can see in section four and related figures that the progression continues, next including the Pacific and ice in the East Eurasian Arctic in stage three, and then anomaly trends come to a close in stage four, with cumulative effects on ice, heat flux, atmospheric response, etc..

«Just when the surface ice melted in the lab, he measured a large flux of carbon and methane.

Numerous recent studies based on both observations and model simulations indicate that reduced Barents - Kara sea ice in late fall favors a strengthened and northwestward expansion of the Siberian high, increased poleward heat flux, weakened polar vortex, and ultimately a negative AO.

When the flux is increased, the planet undergoes a decrease in surface albedo which is due to the melting of the permanent polar ice caps and the reduced seasonal snow cover.

With weather averaged out, with solar cycles averaged out, with ice ages and Milankovitch cycles averaged out, in geologic time, galactic cosmic ray flux * is * the driver of the great ice ages and hothouse periods in the Phanerozoic, with something of a 6C or 7C peak to peak temperature swing of * equatorial * ocean temperatures (from my eyeball measurement of a Veizer chart).

It changes because of greenhouse gases, cloud and ice cover changes, land clearing, volcanoes, dust and soot in the atmosphere — all of the physical changes that result in a change in the radiative flux leaving the planet either as IR (heat) emissions or as reflected sunlight.

Coinciding with cycles of reduced sea ice, glaciers on the island Novaya Zemlya in the Barents Sea, also underwent their greatest retreat around 1920 to 1940.61 After several decades of stability, its tidewater glaciers began retreating again around the year 2000, but at a rate five times slower than the 1930s.47 The recent cycle of intruding warm Atlantic water45 is now waning and if solar flux remains low, we should expect Arctic sea ice in the Barents and Kara seas to begin a recovery and Arctic glaciers to stabilize within the next 15 years.

The correlation between Greenland ice core data and solar flux, is also seen in Scandinavian tree ring data.15 Tree rings suggest the warmest decade in the past 2000 years, happened during the warm spike of the Roman Warm Period between 27 and 56 AD.