Sentences with phrase «in infants and children»

Fact: «Secure attachment is understood to be an important feature of adjustment in infants and children, much of which is organized in the child's earliest experiences.

Cite theories that directly address the key elements of attachment security in infants and children and the accompanying elements of the caregiving system.

Managing sleep problems in infants and children is exhausting for parents, challenging for clinicians and costly for policy makers.

Regarding the child, the importance of the intrauterine and early postnatal environments for metabolic programming and modifications of the epigenome is increasingly recognised, 12 — 14 particularly for metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes.15 Thus, GDM is related to macrosomia at birth (> 4 kg), to excess body fat and (central) obesity and to insulin secretion in infants and children, the obesity being in part mediated by maternal body mass index (BMI) or birth weight.16 — 23 Intrauterine exposure to GDM also doubles the risk for subsequent type 2 diabetes in offspring compared with offspring of mothers with a high genetic predisposition for type 2 diabetes, but with normal glucose tolerance during the index pregnancy.24 Maternal prepregnancy overweight and excessive gestational weight gain also predict high birth weight and adiposity during infancy.12 25 This is highly relevant, as up to 60 % — 70 % of women with GDM are overweight or obese before pregnancy.26 Finally, maternal lifestyle behaviour such as a high fat diet or lack of physical activity during pregnancy can influence offspring adiposity independent of maternal obesity.12 27

The main and most important strains of healthy gut flora in infants and children, relieves constipation in children

This toxic chemical causes improper regulation of the metabolism; developmental and behavioral problems in infants and children; and interferes with iodine uptake in the thyroid gland.

It has been seen time and time again that these principles support neural function as well as encourage a happy demeanor in infants and children.

Clinicians consider risk factors (such as inadequate caloric intake, alcoholism, and digestive diseases) and symptoms of zinc deficiency (such as impaired growth in infants and children) when determining the need for zinc supplementation [2].

true essential fatty acid deficiency would result in: loss of hair, scaly dermatitis, capillary fragility, poor wound healing, increased susceptibility to infection, fatty liver, and growth retardation in infants and children.»

A vitamin D deficiency leads to nutritional rickets, a condition that causes deformed and weak bones in infants and children.

Causes of viral pneumonia include influenza (the flu virus), rhinovirus (the common cold), and RSV (respiratory syncytial virus, which is common in infants and children).

2 articles on iron supplements in the American Journal of Nutrition: Review: Effects of iron fortification and supplementation on the gut microbiome and diarrhea in infants and children: a review — Daniela Paganini — American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Three independent studies undertaken in Papua New Guinea revealed strong associations between the SAO genetic defect (SLC4A1Δ27) and protection against P. vivax malaria in infants and children.

Dr. Nelson and his staff are studying a variety of questions related to brain and behavior development in infants and children.

The study is the first to look exclusively at in - hospital cardiac arrests in infants and children in order to compare the two temperature treatments.

A National Toxicology Program report released last fall said there was «some concern» that exposure to BPA could lead to developmental changes in infants and children.

«Our study found no evidence that there was improved survival or better functional outcome with therapeutic hypothermia compared to actively maintaining a normal temperature in infants and children experiencing cardiac arrest in a hospital.»

One is to use adenoviruses only in infants and children who are not sexually active, and so would not encounter HIV through sexual contact.

«There seems to be evidence of singing to infants throughout recorded history,» says Trehub, who has studied musicality in infants and children for decades.

It is a powdered product marketed for treatment of influenza, fever, sneezing and nasal discharge in infants and children and may contain excessive levels of lead.

Diaper rash, a hoarse cry and fussy gassy behavior are very often overlooked as signs of candida in infants and children.

Poor weight gain in infants and children.

Effects of Early Nutritional Interventions on the Development of Atopic Disease in Infants and Children: The Role of Maternal Dietary Restriction, Breastfeeding, Timing of Introduction of Complementary Foods, and Hydrolyzed Formulas.

However, scientists are not yet entirely certain why febrile seizures occur in some infants and children and not others.

Recent studies show that GERD in infants and children is more common than previously recognized and may produce recurrent vomiting, coughing, and other respiratory problems.

Failure to thrive: criteria for determining disability in infants and children.

Cindy's fascination with the brain and nervous system has led her to explore the mind - body connection in infants and children through her work with infant massage, sensory integrative therapy, and craniosacral and neurovascular therapies.

As a paediatrician who has spent the past 30 years trying to understand both normal sleep in infants and children and problems that can arise during such sleep, I was heartened to read this book, which builds effectively on what we know about infant sleep and development.

UptoDate: «Patient Information: Acid Reflux in Infants,» «Patient information: Constipation in infants and children.»

Sood MR. Functional constipation in infants and children: Clinical features and differential diagnosis.

Sood MR. Prevention and treatment of acute constipation in infants and children.

An emerging body of literature in adults has begun to establish clear associations between gut microbiome composition and a wide range of health outcomes.1 - 6 In contrast, comparatively little is known about the gut microbiome in infants and children, the exposures that shape it, and its lifelong health effects.7 Although limited in their size and scope, a number of studies have established associations between intestinal microbiome profiles in infants, delivery mode, and / or breast milk exposure.8 - 15 These factors both have long - term health consequences.

Breastfeeding may actually help to prevent obesity in infants and children.

Similarly, results of a 2013 systematic review and meta - analysis found that diarrhoea incidence and mortality were lower in infants and children who were breastfed compared to those that were not.

«Nutrition management of food allergies in infants and children will... be discussed along with suggestions for appropriate food choices and timing of when to introduce solids.

The most common food allergies in infants and children are eggs, milk, peanuts, tree nuts, soy and wheat.

The typical adult symptoms (eg, heartburn, vomiting, regurgitation) can not be readily assessed in infants and children.

The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends the parents to take a rectal temperature in infants and children who are younger than age 3, because it is the most precise measurement.

Koletzko S, Niggemann B, Arato A, Dias JA, Heuschkel R, Husby S. Diagnostic approach and management of cow's - milk protein allergy in infants and children: ESPGHAN GI Committee practical guidelines.

Nausea and vomiting in infants and children.

Signs of dehydration in infants and children.

A draft report on Monday from the U.S. National Toxicology Program expressed concern that BPA could cause behavioral changes in infants and children.

American Academy of Family Physicians: «Feeding Problems in Infants and Children.»

Effects of early nutritional interventions on the development of atopic disease in infants and children: The role of maternal dietary restriction, breastfeeding, timing of introduction of complementary foods, and hydrolyzed formulas.

Greer FR, Sicherer SH, Burks AW; American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition; American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Allergy and Immunology.Effects of early nutritional interventions on the development of atopic disease in infants and children: the role of maternal dietary restriction, breastfeeding, timing of introduction of complementary foods, and hydrolyzed formulas.

Evaluation and Treatment of Functional Constipation in Infants and Children: Evidence - Based Recommendations from ESPGHAN and NASPGHAN.

Diagnostic approach and management of cow's - milk protein allergy in infants and children: ESPGHAN GI committee practical guidelines JPGN 55 (2): 221 - 229.

That said, food allergies are more prevalent in infants and children under 3.

Pediatrics: Effects of Early Nutritional Interventions on the Development of Atopic Disease in Infants and Children: The Role of Maternal Dietary Restriction, Breastfeeding, Timing of Introduction of Complementary Foods, and Hydrolyzed Formulas

The safety profile of fluconazole in infants and children is excellent.