Sentences with phrase «in ion density»

These levels were confirmed by Mars Express, which also saw a rise in ion density at a lower altitude than normal.

Not exact matches

The U.S. Department of Energy describes lithium - ion battery technology as growing in popularity because of «its lightweight, high - energy density, and ability to recharge.»

Since lithium - ion batteries represent a large percentage of the cost of today's electric vehicle, we believe Apple should be well positioned to leverage its existing knowledge domain and more robust R&D spending in this area, and in turn apply any energy density / battery life improvements for a car across all the other products in its ecosystem that will share the benefit from such battery innovation (iPhone, iPad, Apple Watch, MacBook, Beats).

Lithium - sulfur batteries have recently become one of the hottest topics in the field of energy storage devices due to their high energy density — which is about four times higher than that of lithium - ion batteries currently used in mobile devices.

Shirley Meng, a professor at UC San Diego's Department of NanoEngineering, added, «This beautiful study combines several complementary tools that probe both the bulk and surface of the NMC layered oxide — one of the most promising cathode materials for high - voltage operation that enables higher energy density in lithium - ion batteries.

In this regard, researchers are diligently looking for new materials that exhibit a greater energy density and charging capacity, but which are no heavier or larger than those used in today's lithium - ion batterieIn this regard, researchers are diligently looking for new materials that exhibit a greater energy density and charging capacity, but which are no heavier or larger than those used in today's lithium - ion batteriein today's lithium - ion batteries.

Further, by being able to precisely measure electron density, it will now be possible to clarify through computer simulation the important behaviors of active ion species that play important roles in their interaction with living organisms and materials hazardous to the environment.

However, according to Norman Stockbridge, MD, PhD, US Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) Division of Cardiovascular and Renal Products, these cardiomyocytes don't exactly mirror the density and proportions of ion channels found in normal human adult cardiomyocytes.

The energy density of these next - generation batteries is considerably higher than in today's lithium - ion batteries, but their fast aging still makes them currently unusable.

For the first time, we have a battery that could compete with the lithium - ion batteries in energy density, but without the risk of explosion or fire,» Wang said.

Subtle changes in the structure, chemistry and shape of an electrode can significantly alter how strongly lithium ions bond to it and affect a battery's capacity, voltage and energy density.

A multi-institution team of scientists led by Texas A&M University chemist Sarbajit Banerjee has discovered an exceptional metal - oxide magnesium battery cathode material, moving researchers one step closer to delivering batteries that promise higher density of energy storage on top of transformative advances in safety, cost and performance in comparison to their ubiquitous lithium - ion (Li - ion) counterparts.

Yamaguchi believes that deuterium ions migrate towards the palladium oxide surface of the plate because of differences in temperature and density.

In those cases the battery of choice remains lithium - ion, which has an energy density five times that of vanadium.

As a result, we clarified that the influence of the ion mass appeared remarkably in a high - density plasma and that the detailed physical mechanism in which turbulence is suppressed through an effect caused by electron - ion collisions.

In the large negative hydrogen ion source at NIFS, various types of diagnostics are available for measuring negative hydrogen ion density, electron density, and other quantities.

In the first lithium - ion batteries, introduced by Sony in 1991, the cathode electrodes were made of lithium cobalt oxide, which has a high energy densitIn the first lithium - ion batteries, introduced by Sony in 1991, the cathode electrodes were made of lithium cobalt oxide, which has a high energy densitin 1991, the cathode electrodes were made of lithium cobalt oxide, which has a high energy density.

This requires a cathode with a high energy density — one that can absorb as many lithium ions as possible in as small a space as possible.

A lithium - sulfur cell can have almost double the energy of a lithium - ion cell for the same mass, yielding an edge where energy density is critical, like in portable electronics or in cars.

Cathodes in conventional lithium - ion batteries typically contain iron, cobalt and manganese oxides and have a relatively limited energy density.

Proton density after laser impact on a spherical solid density target: irradiated by an ultra-short, high intensity laser (not in picture) the intense electro - magnetic field rips electrons apart from their ions and creates a plasma.

The use of intermediate size nuclei is expected to result in intermediate energy density - not as high as in earlier runs colliding two beams of gold ions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), but more than was produced by colliding a beam of gold ions with much lighter deuterons.

Graphite has been the default choice of active material for anodes in lithium — ion batteries since their original launch by Sony but researchers and manufacturers have long sought a way to replace graphite with silicon, as it is an abundantly available element with ten times the gravimetric energy density of graphite.

The combined electron and ion heating altered the gradient, or spatial rate of change in the plasma density.

Necessary inputs include equilibrium potentials, exchange current densities and transfer coefficients for the various interfacial reactions; dielectric properties of electrolytes and electrodes; mobilities of ions and electrons / holes in electrodes and electrolytes; and reaction rate constants of bulk processes (e.g., electron / hole recombination).

The Solar Wind Alphas and Protons (SWEAP) Investigation will count the electrons, protons, and helium ions in the solar wind and measure their velocity, density, and temperature.

Motor Trend suggests the Mini hybrid could be one of the first vehicles to utilize super capacitors — the highly - efficient energy storage modules pack a higher density than lithium - ion batteries and appear to be the next big advancement in electric vehicles.

The power density of the Fe battery is about 10 % less than in Li - ion batteries, he says, but the safety and much cheaper production cost make it a better choice.

The battery consists of a Lithium ion battery pack split into 16 modules with 192 cells in all, with high energy density and a rated voltage of 360 volts.

The individual cell structure of the laminated lithium - ion battery cells has been improved, representing a 67 percent increase in energy density versus the original 2010 Nissan LEAF model.

The individual cell structure of the laminated lithium - ion battery cells has been improved, representing a 67 percent increase in energy density versus the original 2010 LEAF model.

The newly developed lithium - ion battery pack allows for increased energy density and improved electrical output when compared to similar systems in existing vehicle models.

Another key engineering improvement for the lithium - ion battery pack is the use of enhanced electrode materials with revised chemistry, resulting in higher power density while contributing to greater battery durability upon charge and discharge.

In 1959, professor Edward Ney proposed that if climate sensitivity were related to changes in density of tropospheric ions, it would indicate a solar climate linIn 1959, professor Edward Ney proposed that if climate sensitivity were related to changes in density of tropospheric ions, it would indicate a solar climate linin density of tropospheric ions, it would indicate a solar climate link.

Rhe fact that acidification remains a surface water problom suggests to me that the increase in hydrogen ions resuts in a slight lowering of sea water density, otherwise normal mixing would prevent it.

In the far future, other novel battery technologies (e.g. zinc - air, lithium - sulphur, lithium - air) may become competitive for use in electric vehicles, and can theoretically deliver higher energy densities than lithium - ion chemistries are capable oIn the far future, other novel battery technologies (e.g. zinc - air, lithium - sulphur, lithium - air) may become competitive for use in electric vehicles, and can theoretically deliver higher energy densities than lithium - ion chemistries are capable oin electric vehicles, and can theoretically deliver higher energy densities than lithium - ion chemistries are capable of.

This feature is mainly a consequence of switching off the photo - detachment of negative ions, thus the negative ions created by attachment remain below 80 km at night and this results in electron density depletion.

Apple's support page points out, «Lithium - ion batteries charge faster, last longer, and have a higher power density for more battery life in a lighter package.