Sentences with phrase «in modelling the atmosphere»

The temperature lapse rate in our model atmosphere also has to be — g / cp, since its atmosphere is organized adiabatically.

He clearly states that he assumes: The energy content in the model atmosphere is fixed and constant since no energy can enter or leave the closed space.

«The energy content in the model atmosphere is fixed and constant since no energy can enter or leave the closed space.

«Radiative transfer in model atmospheres including CO2, water vapor, ozone, and clouds can be explored by computer simulation for the purpose of predicting the mean temperature at the surface of the earth.

Not exact matches

Scholasticism Theology moved from the monastery to the university Western theology is an intellectual discipline rather than a mystical pursuit Western theology is over-systematized Western Theology is systematized, based on a legal model rather than a philosophical model Western theologians debate like lawyers, not like rabbis Reformation Catholic reformers were excommunicated and formed Protestant churches Western churches become guarantors of theological schools of thought Western church membership is often contingent on fine points of doctrine Some western Christians believe that definite beliefs are incompatible with tolerance The atmosphere arose in which anyone could start a church The legal model for western theology intensifies despite the rediscovery of the East

We manufacture and sell automatic baggers, shrink wrap sealers and heat tunnels, skin packaging equipment, vacuum sealers in snorkel and chamber models, modified atmosphere machines with gas flush, medical heat sealers, and flow wrappers.

Modeled with a children's museum atmosphere in mind, the two - level venue includes a bouncy house, climbing wall and activities to inspire creativity.

Creating an atmosphere of trust, modeling sharing, and honoring their feelings will surround them with a safe environment in which they can develop the skills needed to become the most treasured of friends!

The study model showed that the dispersant injection decreased the overall concentration of all volatile organic chemicals in the atmosphere by a modest amount (about 30 percent).

Not a real one, of course, but rather a virtual voyager, a computer model that plumbs the otherwise - inaccessible depths of Earth's anoxic past (or an alien planet's present), exploring the possible chemistry of gases in the atmosphere and ocean that could have occurred there.

The model showed that the dispersant injection decreased the overall concentration of all volatile organic chemicals in the atmosphere by a modest amount (about 30 percent).

Some of the largest uncertainties in current climate models stem from their wide - ranging estimates of the size and number of dust particles in the atmosphere.

«Even our upper estimate, 0.01 bar, is an insignificant amount in comparison to the atmosphere required to maintain a sufficiently strong greenhouse effect, about 1 bar or more according to climate models.»

Incorporating this kind of data into the models has been difficult in part because geostationary data provide fewer measurements for any given vertical slice of the atmosphere than do polar orbiters, which circle Earth at lower altitudes.

In a study supported by the Office of Biological and Environmental Research's Atmospheric System Research program, scientists used the Community Atmosphere Model version 4 to examine the relative importance of heating at different altitudes to the MJO.

Helling used the model to simulate how dust whirls and swirls around in the atmospheres of brown dwarfs: gassy bodies too big and warm to be planets, but too small and cool to be stars.

The two models that came closest to reproducing the team's data had one key aspect in common — they modified the way they accounted for cloud formation and the longevity of clouds in the atmosphere, particularly in the polar regions.

Polar latitudes hold secrets into the earths's past climate, secrets Berry Lyons believes may provide insights into the implications of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and better models of future climate change.

«Models do a good job at simulating some elements of the climate system, but they disagree on key aspects of the land - atmosphere CO2 exchange, and in particular the amount of carbon being sequestered,» Rawlins said in a statement.

The data is important for climate change models, since the emissions released by thawing permafrost could significantly affect levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

The ability to make and study cubic ice in the laboratory could improve computer models of how clouds interact with sunlight and the atmosphere — two keys to understanding climate change, said Barbara Wyslouzil, project leader and professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering at The Ohio State University.

Until now, even climatologists have assumed that their models simulate different temperature rises because they respond with different degrees of sensitivity to increased amounts of solar energy in the atmosphere.

The model calculations presented in «Science» prove that about half the cloud condensation nuclei in the atmosphere originate from nucleation.

A paper on the numerical model, titled «Snowflake melting simulation using smoothed particle hydrodynamics,» recently appeared in the Journal of Geophysical Research — Atmospheres.

Because oxygen is critical to many forms of life and geochemical processes, numerous models and indirect proxies for the oxygen content in the atmosphere have been developed over the years, but there was no consensus on whether oxygen concentrations were rising, falling or flat during the past million years (and before fossil fuel burning).

With PNNL's climate model, Smith created more than 1,400 potential scenarios to reflect the many possibilities surrounding aerosols, tiny particles including soot that float in the atmosphere.

Two recent models for the formation of the Moon, one that allows exchange through a silicate atmosphere (top), and another that creates a more thoroughly mixed sphere of a supercritical fluid (bottom), lead to different predictions for potassium isotope ratios in lunar and terrestrial rocks (right).

A model proposed in 2007 adds a silicate vapor atmosphere around Earth and the lunar disk (the magma disk that is the residue of the impactor).

Rein says locating a planet in a habitable zone while being able to obtain a good resolution to model the atmosphere will help determine what's on the planet.

In the United Kingdom, volcanologists work at the Exeter - based Met (formerly meteorological) Office, modeling the drift of volcanic ash clouds in the atmospherIn the United Kingdom, volcanologists work at the Exeter - based Met (formerly meteorological) Office, modeling the drift of volcanic ash clouds in the atmospherin the atmosphere.

Jacobson's research, detailed in a paper published July 30 in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, is based on a three - dimensional computer model simulation of the impacts of biomass burning.

So they used a pre-existing model of the atmosphere's circulation patterns and plugged in an extra module that took into account the reduction of chlorofluorocarbons.

So another model, proposed in 2015, assumes the impact was extremely violent, so violent that the impactor and Earth's mantle vaporized and mixed together to form a dense melt / vapor mantle atmosphere that expanded to fill a space more than 500 times bigger than today's Earth.

Their finding that the lunar rocks are enriched in the heavier potassium isotope does not favor the silicate atmosphere model, which predicts lunar rocks will contain less of the heavier isotope than terrestrial rocks, the opposite of what the scientists found.

In one model, a low - energy impact leaves the proto - Earth and Moon shrouded in a silicate atmosphere; in the other, a much more violent impact vaporizes the impactor and most of the proto - Earth, expanding to form an enormous superfluid disk out of which the Moon eventually crystallizeIn one model, a low - energy impact leaves the proto - Earth and Moon shrouded in a silicate atmosphere; in the other, a much more violent impact vaporizes the impactor and most of the proto - Earth, expanding to form an enormous superfluid disk out of which the Moon eventually crystallizein a silicate atmosphere; in the other, a much more violent impact vaporizes the impactor and most of the proto - Earth, expanding to form an enormous superfluid disk out of which the Moon eventually crystallizein the other, a much more violent impact vaporizes the impactor and most of the proto - Earth, expanding to form an enormous superfluid disk out of which the Moon eventually crystallizes.

A study released last month in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres used three different models to run the same SSCE scenario in which sea - salt engineering was used in the low - latitude oceans to keep top - of - atmosphere radiative forcing at the 2020 level for 50 years and was then abruptly turned off for 20 years.

He also models the global warming that would occur if concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere were to be doubled (due to increases in carbon dioxide and methane emissions from dragons and the excessive use of wildfire).

In order to better understand how soil microbes respond to the changing atmosphere, the study's authors utilized statistical techniques that compare data to models and test for general patterns across studies.

A new model shows how many may be made in our atmosphere, our galaxy and beyond

They said the real strength of the Jacobson study — now in press at the Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmospheres — is that it relies on a new computer model of climate, air pollution and weather that accounts for several different ways black carbon influences the environment.

In the study, the researchers used a 3D computer model of the atmosphere to determine the impact of VSLS on ozone and climate.

A new climate change modeling tool developed by scientists at Indiana University, Princeton University and the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration finds that carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere owing to greater plant growth from rising CO2 levels will be partially offset by changes in the activity of soil microbes that derive their energy from plant root growth.

Beginning in certain 2013 models, GM promises to use a new AC refrigerant that breaks down faster in the atmosphere than currently used chemicals

GCMs are computer models which capture physical processes governing the atmosphere and oceans to simulate the response of temperature, precipitation, and other meteorological variables in different scenarios.

Since this would also result in more particulate matter entering the atmosphere which in turn has an influence on cloud formation, regional and global climate models might have to be adapted accordingly.

Previous studies tend to underestimate such connections as simulated land - atmosphere interaction is also resolution - dependent, which means that the signals for changes in small - scale land use are likely to be much weaker in a coarse resolution model,» says Minchao Wu.

Satellite measurements and a model of how efficiently maize converts that light to mass, reveal that solar brightening, an increase in the sunlight penetrating the atmosphere and reaching Earth, accounted for 27 % of the yield increase U.S. Corn Belt farmers have observed between 1984 and 2013, researchers report today in Nature Climate Change.

The model tracked changes in temperature and solar radiation at many altitudes throughout the lower layer of the atmosphere.

Most current climate models predict what will happen when the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere reaches twice preindustrial levels, or some 1.2 trillion tonnes of carbon.

«We're trying to understand how what we're doing to the Earth's atmosphere and oceans will play out in the future,» says Bette Otto - Bliesner, who runs a full - complexity climate model — and its 1.5 million lines of code — through a supercomputer named Yellowstone at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder.