Sentences with phrase «in observations and models»

See Johanson & Fu (2009) Hadley Cell Widening: Model Simulations versus Observations and Dai (2012) Increasing drought under global warming in observations and models.

Dai, A., 2012: Increasing drought under global warming in observations and models.

So the fact that a pattern seems to be emerging, in both observations and models, which was not the case a decade or so ago, is encouraging.

However, it is generally not possible to «tune» the models to fit very specific bits of the surface data and the evidence for that is the remaining (significant) offsets in average surface temperatures in the observations and the models.

Gordon, N.D., J.R. Norris, C.P. Weaver, and S.A. Klein, 2005: Cluster analysis of cloud regimes and characteristic dynamics of midlatitude synoptic systems in observations and a model.

In Observations and modeling of contemporary and future changes.

This is particularly exciting because lately I've been doing some very fine grained analysis of a model with a 30 minute timestep, so this allows a very direct comparison between the «real - time» weather in observations and a model.

Not exact matches

While they didn't fit any particular model, I can certainly share some interesting observations and insights that may have influenced their rise to such lofty positions in the business world.

This observation is based on our analysis of each of the fund's holdings for which we model the earnings quality and the future cash flow expectations embedded in the prices of each of the holdings.

As used in science, a theory is an explanation or model based on observation, experimentation, and reasoning, especially one that has been tested and confirmed as a general principle helping to explain and predict natural phenomena.

As used in science, however, a theory is an explanation or model based on observation, experimentation, and reasoning, especially one that has been tested and confirmed as a general principle helping to explain and predict natural phenomena.

That said, the case has been made that if the Christian god exists, then «God should be detectable by scientific means simply by virtue of the fact that he is supposed to play such a central role in the operation of the universe and the lives of humans», with the conclusion that» [e] xisting scientific models contain no place where God is included as an ingredient in order to describe observations.»

It is not surprising that the positivist finds in quantum physics support for his conviction that we should discard all model; and treat theories as mere calculational devices for correlating observations.

We will explore theory and observation in science and religion in the next two chapters, before returning to models in Chapter 8.

In quantum physics, then, models are only remotely and inconsistently related to theories; and theories in turn have extremely indirect and in general only probabilistic connections with observationIn quantum physics, then, models are only remotely and inconsistently related to theories; and theories in turn have extremely indirect and in general only probabilistic connections with observationin turn have extremely indirect and in general only probabilistic connections with observationin general only probabilistic connections with observations.

You stated: «As used in science, however, a theory is an explanation or model based on observation, experimentation, and reasoning, especially one that has been tested and confirmed as a general principle helping to explain and predict natural phenomena.»

Other indications of evolution are too numerous to actually list in full, but a few might be the clear genetic distinction between Neanderthals and modern man; the overlapping features of hominid and pre-hominid fossil forms; the progressive order of the fossil record (that is, first fish, then amphibians, then reptiles, then mammals, then birds; contradicting the Genesis order and all flood models); the phylogenetic relationships between extant and extinct species (including distributions of parasitic genetic elements like Endogenous Retroviruses); the real time observations of speciation in the lab and in the wild; the real time observations of novel functionality in the lab and wild (both genetic, Lenski's E. coli, and organsimal, the Pod Mrcaru lizards); the observation of convergent evolution defeating arguments of common component creationism (new world v. old world vultures for instance); and... well... I guess you get the picture.

This dataset contains millions of genomic sequences from a diverse set of rice varieties that, when combined with phenotyping observations, gene expression, and other information, provides an important step in establishing gene - trait associations, building predictive models, and applying these models to breeding.

Six models showed favourable effects on primary outcome measures (e.g., standardized measures of child development outcomes and reduction in behaviour problems).13 Only studies with outcomes using direct observation, direct assessment, or administrative records were included.

Working together, they will develop and test a variety of learning experiences in which students use online simulations to model energy - releasing and energy - requiring reactions, analyze and interpret data to make predictions about energy phenomena, and use evidence from their own observations or from simplified versions of scientific articles to explain phenomena and construct and critique arguments.

By validating model results against geological observations, the study indicates that changes in runoff, sea level and wave energy have profoundly affected the past evolution of the Great Barrier Reef not only in regard to reefs evolution but also sediment fate from source - to - sink.

«Using Streptozotocin - induced type I diabetes and cornea epithelial wounding experimental models, we made novel observations that may soon lead to innovative therapies to treat DPN and ulcerations of the cornea and skin in diabetic patients,» said Yu.

Computer modeling and satellite observations suggest that these tiny particles can increase storm - cloud cover over certain regions of the North Pacific by 20 to 50 percent, enough to alter storm tracks in some cases.

Previous research has suggested a connection between coal - burning and the Sahel drought, but this was the first study that used decades of historical observations to find that this drought was part of a global shift in tropical rainfall, and then used multiple climate models to determine why.

They also used a physically based computer model of the hydrologic cycle, which takes daily weather observations and computes the snow accumulation, melting, and runoff to estimate the total snowpack in the western U.S.

Mausumi Dikpati and her colleagues at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colo., used new observations of the sun's interior and new computer simulations to model the flow of plasma, or electrically charged gas, that carry the sunspots like a conveyor belt until they become powerful enough to burst free and erupt on the sun's surface.

Survey data gathered voluntarily from homeless youth in Los Angeles, as well as behavioral theories and observations of previous interventions, were used to build a computational model of the interventions.

Mission leaders were relieved and eager to begin their studies of cloud and haze effects, which «constitute the largest uncertainties in our models of future climate — that's no exaggeration,» says Jens Redemann, an atmospheric scientist at NASA's Ames Research Center in Mountain View, California, and the principal investigator for ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their IntEractionS (ORACLES).

And if enough people send in data, NASA researchers creating models of Earth's energy budget — the balance between the energy our planet receives from the sun and sends back out into space — could also analyze the observatioAnd if enough people send in data, NASA researchers creating models of Earth's energy budget — the balance between the energy our planet receives from the sun and sends back out into space — could also analyze the observatioand sends back out into space — could also analyze the observations.

Nevertheless, the measurement was exceptional, because it was the first observation of its kind in light nuclei,» concludes Prof. Fornal and stresses that the measured delay times of return to the basic state correspond to an acceptable extent with the values provided by the new theoretical model, which further enhances the attainment of the achievement.

Cooperation is important because research and security in the Arctic region require comprehensive and long - term weather, ice, sea, and atmospheric observations and modelling.

«In contrast to the long tradition of field guides authored by expert natural historians, Map of Life draws on collective wisdom, amalgamating global data sets of species observations from published sources and using a series of modeling techniques to convert them into species range maps,» Goldsmith wrote.

The approach proposed in the paper combines information from observation - based data, general circulation models (GCMs) and regional climate models (RCMs).

«Advances in global climate models and high quality ocean, atmospheric and land observations are helping us push the frontiers of snowpack prediction.»

Further observations will be used to refine the global map, to construct local and regional digital elevation models for scientific analysis and aid in assessment of future landing sites, and to attempt to detect and characterize global - scale seasonal variations.

«Prior analyses have found that climate models underestimate the observed rate of tropical widening, leading to questions on possible model deficiencies, possible errors in the observations, and lack of confidence in future projections,» said Robert J. Allen, an assistant professor of climatology in UC Riverside's Department of Earth Sciences, who led the study.

Under the assumptions of their model, the team quantified the dynamics all over the exposed ocular surface, and the results agreed well with in vivo observations of the tear film gained from fluorescence imaging.

Instead of building a model describing the microscale movement of individuals and confronting it with experimental data, the authors built a model of swarm behaviour that is consistent with experimental observations, in terms of swarm density, of individual midges» speed and acceleration.

Two years out of graduate school and keen on becoming a professor, Kaltenbacher was passionate about her work on inverse problems, which she describes as «mathematical modeling in a reverse way,» starting with observation rather than first principles.

They go on to suggest that «lowering levels of TNF may be an effective strategy in improving host defense against S. pneumoniae in older adults,» and that, «although it may be counterintuitive to limit inflammatory responses during a bacterial infection, [some existing] clinical observations and our animal model indicate that anti-bacterial strategies need to be tailored to the age of the host.»

The findings, published in the May 16 issue of Science, closely match observations in the atmosphere and can help make climate prediction models more accurate.

While there are many debates in regards to how the Earth's internal evolution is driven, the model created by the team seemed to find an answer that better fits available observations and underlying physics.

The team compiled data from many studies and for the first time synthesized observations and numerical model output to develop a cohesive view of the carbon cycle in a large coastal region.

The presence of crystalline grains and multiple iron - bearing phases, including sulfide, in some particles indicates that individual interstellar particles diverge from any one representative model of interstellar dust inferred from astronomical observations and theory.

A few of the main points of the third assessment report issued in 2001 include: An increasing body of observations gives a collective picture of a warming world and other changes in the climate system; emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols due to human activities continue to alter the atmosphere in ways that are expected to affect the climate; confidence in the ability of models to project future climate has increased; and there is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities.

«Numerical models and observations go hand in hand in our research,» said Bart De Pontieu, an author of the study and IRIS science lead at Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Laboratory, in Palo Alto, California.

«Most climate models that incorporate vegetation are built on short - term observations, for example of photosynthesis, but they are used to predict long - term events,» said Bond - Lamberty, who works at the Joint Global Change Research Institute, a collaboration between PNNL and the University of Maryland in College Park, Md. «We need to understand forests in the long term, but forests change slowly and researchers don't live that long.»

«Its existence was predicted by the standard model of particle physics and the fact that there's — we got a glimpse of it, it looks like it may very well be there — is a real victory for that model of science where you test, you put forward conceptual models of the way the world or the universe works and test those models against the observations and see the extent to which they can predict new observations and when they do, it gives you increased confidence in the models.

Using global climate models and NASA satellite observations of Earth's energy budget from the last 15 years, the study finds that a warming Earth is able to restore its temperature equilibrium through complex and seemingly paradoxical changes in the atmosphere and the way radiative heat is transported.

Changes in fall - winter rainfall from observations (top panel) as compared to model simulation of the past century (middle panel), and a model projection of the middle of the 21st century.