Sentences with phrase «in ocean food webs»

How does the enormous diversity of zooplankton species, life cycles, size, feeding ecology, and physiology affect their role in ocean food webs and cycling of carbon?

Because large animals play an important role in the ocean food web, «a threat profile focused on the largest species is particularly concerning from an ecological perspective,» said lead author Jonathan Payne, an associate professor in the school of Earth, Energy and Environmental Sciences at Stanford.

Transparent jellyfish - like creatures known as a salps, considered by many a low member in the ocean food web, may be more important to the fate of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide in the ocean than previously thought.

Not exact matches

The birds» feathers and eggshells contain the chemical fingerprints of variations in diet, food web structure and even climate, researchers reported February 12 at the American Geophysical Union's 2018 Ocean Sciences Meeting.

The findings, published in the journal Proceedings of The Royal Society B, suggest that by disturbing predator - prey interactions, ocean acidification could spur cascading consequences for food web systems in shoreline ecosystems.

The goal is a better appreciation of the huge role that jellies play in the marine food web, as well as a more complete inventory of how carbon (fundamental to both life and climate) is distributed in the ocean.

The researchers looked specifically at the average fishing revenue in 106 Alaskan communities for 10 years before and after 1989, a year when the North Pacific Ocean experienced a significant shift in productivity and abrupt changes in the composition of marine food webs, while at the same time the global price for salmon dropped because of competition from farm - raised fish.

Scientists conducting fieldwork in the region are reporting massive chick die - offs and nests with abandoned eggs, reports National Geographic's Winged Warnings series, which lays out the many threats facing the island's seabirds: warming oceans, earlier thaws, changing ocean chemistry and food webs, and increasing levels of ocean pollutants from PCBs to mercury.

MEDDLESOME MERCURY Increased runoff into Earth's oceans could increase methylmercury concentrations in marine ecosystems by altering the food web, new laboratory tests show.

«Oceans in the future may provide less fish and shellfish for us to eat, and larger animals that are at the top of the food web, in particular, will suffer.

Phytoplankton, the food of tiny krill, a key element in the food web of the southern oceans, will be equally affected by acidification.

«This paper is significant because it identifies a link between ocean conditions and the magnitude of the toxic bloom in 2015 that resulted in the highest levels of domoic acid contamination in the food web ever recorded for many species,» said co-author Kathi Lefebvre, a marine biologist at NOAA's Northwest Fisheries Science Center.

«Changes in spawning timing and poleward migration of fish populations due to warmer ocean conditions or global climate change will negatively affect areas that were historically dependent on these fish, and change the food web structure of the areas that the fish move into with unforeseen consequences,» researchers wrote.

Although invisible to the naked eye, these microorganisms form the energetic basis of the entire food web in the world's oceans.

«This is going to be a tremendous resource for scientists and for people interested in studying ocean, climate, food webs and the evolution of life.

Now researchers at MIT and Bristol University in the United Kingdom have found that these microscopic, mixotrophic organisms may have a large impact on the ocean's food web and the global carbon cycle.

The scientists developed a mixotrophic model of the global ocean food web, at the scale of marine plankton, in which they gave each plankton class the ability to both photosynthesize and consume prey.

«Herring larvae could benefit from an acidifying ocean: A long - term field study in a Swedish fjord shows how rising carbon dioxide levels can affect food webs and fish survival.»

2016 Mar 180 (3): 889 - 901, doi: 10.1007 / s00442 -015-3489-x BIOACID in brief: Under the umbrella of BIOACID (Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification), 10 institutions examine how marine ecosystems react to ocean acidification, how this affects the food web and the exchange of material and energy in the ocean and how the changes influence the socio - economic seOcean Acidification), 10 institutions examine how marine ecosystems react to ocean acidification, how this affects the food web and the exchange of material and energy in the ocean and how the changes influence the socio - economic seocean acidification, how this affects the food web and the exchange of material and energy in the ocean and how the changes influence the socio - economic seocean and how the changes influence the socio - economic sector.

The effects of ocean acidification on a pelagic community and their impacts on food webs and biogeochemical cycles were studied in a long - term mesocosm experiment conducted in the Gullmar Fjord at the west coast of Sweden.

But in the world of marine microbial ecology, there are very few model systems and associated tools that enable scientists to deeply explore the physiology, biochemistry, and ecology of marine microbes, which drive the ocean's elemental cycles, influence greenhouse gas levels, and support marine food webs.

Whether these unicellular multi-talented organisms will be able to fulfil their functions in the future, depends on how much extra energy they have to spend on calcification — and how their competitors in the food web react to ocean change.

These coastal changes, in turn, could also deliver more nutrients, carbon, and other chemicals into the Arctic Ocean and have significant impacts on the Arctic food web.

Between 2009 and 2017, the German research network BIOACID (Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification) investigated how different marine species respond to ocean acidification, how these reactions impact the food web as well as material cycles and energy turnover in the ocean, and what consequences these changes have for economy and socOcean Acidification) investigated how different marine species respond to ocean acidification, how these reactions impact the food web as well as material cycles and energy turnover in the ocean, and what consequences these changes have for economy and sococean acidification, how these reactions impact the food web as well as material cycles and energy turnover in the ocean, and what consequences these changes have for economy and sococean, and what consequences these changes have for economy and society.

These tiny marine snails that appear winged and beautifully translucent in close - ups are essential to the ocean food web.

That dust, in other words, helps sustain the entire ocean food web.

Oceanic uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) causes pronounced shifts in marine carbonate chemistry and a decrease in seawater pH. Increasing evidence indicates that these changes — summarized by the term ocean acidification (OA)-- can significantly affect marine food webs and biogeochemical cycles.

Also of concern is that a large class of plankton, floating in the open oceans and forming a vital component of marine food webs, appears equally vulnerable to acidification.

About BIOACID: Since 2009, more than 250 BIOACID scientists from 20 German research institutes have investigated how different marine organisms respond to ocean acidification and increasing carbon dioxide concentrations in seawater, how their performance is affected during their various life stages, how these reactions impact marine food webs and elemental cycles and whether they can be mitigated by evolutionary adaptation.

The name is an acronym for «Biological Impacts of Ocean Acidification «within which 14 institutes explore how marine organisms react to ocean acidification and the impact on the food web, the ecosystems in the sea and ultimately also on the economy and socOcean Acidification «within which 14 institutes explore how marine organisms react to ocean acidification and the impact on the food web, the ecosystems in the sea and ultimately also on the economy and sococean acidification and the impact on the food web, the ecosystems in the sea and ultimately also on the economy and society.

Some scientists are calling for the removal of triclosan from consumer products because it is building up in the ocean's food web.

From The Sierra Club magazine of January / February, 2018: «Each time fleece gets washed, thousands of tiny plastic fibers are released and ultimately ends up in rivers and oceans, where they work their way through the food web.»

Field observations from the Beaufort Sea to Hudson Bay are suggesting that the food web in the Arctic Ocean is ailing, causing many species to flounder as a result of the warming environment.

Phytoplankton, which live close enough to the water's surface to perform photosynthesis — critical to maintaining oxygen in Earth's atmosphere — form the base of the marine food web.4 Although phytoplankton are microscopic, they can be seen from satellites when they grow in a concentrated area (bloom) on the ocean's surface.5 Zooplankton, which feed on phytoplankton, and bacterioplankton, which recycle nutrients in the water, make up the next levels of the web.4

In recent decades, much research on these topics has raised the questions of «tipping points» and «system flips,» where feedbacks in the system compound to rapidly cause massive reorganization of global climate over very short periods of time — a truncation or reorganization of the thermohaline circulation or of food web structures, for instance, caused by the loss of sea ice or warming ocean temperatureIn recent decades, much research on these topics has raised the questions of «tipping points» and «system flips,» where feedbacks in the system compound to rapidly cause massive reorganization of global climate over very short periods of time — a truncation or reorganization of the thermohaline circulation or of food web structures, for instance, caused by the loss of sea ice or warming ocean temperaturein the system compound to rapidly cause massive reorganization of global climate over very short periods of time — a truncation or reorganization of the thermohaline circulation or of food web structures, for instance, caused by the loss of sea ice or warming ocean temperatures.

In addition, DOC can influence algal blooms, phytoplankton productivity, and carbon sequestration in coastal waters, so understanding fluxes in DOC transport into the ocean is critical for evaluating its effects on coastal food webIn addition, DOC can influence algal blooms, phytoplankton productivity, and carbon sequestration in coastal waters, so understanding fluxes in DOC transport into the ocean is critical for evaluating its effects on coastal food webin coastal waters, so understanding fluxes in DOC transport into the ocean is critical for evaluating its effects on coastal food webin DOC transport into the ocean is critical for evaluating its effects on coastal food webs.

For example, the resulting changes in ocean salinity and pH can inhibit calcification in shell - bearing organisms that are either habitat - forming (e.g., coral reefs, oyster reefs) or the foundation of food webs (e.g., plankton)(The Copenhagen Diagnosis 2009).

Most laboratory studies suggest that higher carbon dioxide concentration leads to decreased calcification in coccolithophores, the tiny phytoplankton that contribute to the base of Southern Ocean food webs.

report that ocean sediment cores containing an «undisturbed history of the past» have been analyzed for variations in PP over timescales that include the Little Ice Age... they determined that during the LIA the ocean off Peru had «low PP, diatoms and fish,» but that «at the end of the LIA, this condition changed abruptly to the low subsurface oxygen, eutrophic upwelling ecosystem that today produces more fish than any region of the world's oceans... write that «in coastal environments, PP, diatoms and fish and their associated predators are predicted to decrease and the microbial food web to increase under global warming scenarios,» citing Ito et al..

24: Oceans).135 Acidifying changes in ocean chemistry have potentially widespread impacts on the marine food web, including commercially important species.

Identification of abundant groups in bacterial communities is important in assessing roles in carbon cycling and ocean biogeochemical processes, and as a component of some marine food webs.

«Earth system models» include all that and much more: forests that can shrink or spread as conditions change; marine food webs that react as the oceans grow more acidic with carbon dioxide; and aerosol particles in the atmosphere that interact with greenhouse gases, enhancing or sapping their warming power.

Melting Arctic ice - sheets will reduce ocean salinities (IPCC, 2001), causing species - specific shifts in the distribution and biomass of major constituents of Arctic food webs, including poleward shifts in communities and the potential loss of some polar species (such as the narwhal, Monodon monoceros).