Sentences with phrase «in ocean uptake»

Remember, more than 90 percent of human induced planetary warming goes into the oceans, while only 2 percent goes into the atmosphere, so small changes in ocean uptake can have huge impact on surface temperatures.

Not exact matches

The iron deprivation means that estimates of global ocean carbon uptake are probably 2 to 4 percent too high, the group reports in the August 31 Nature.

The centre runs research programmes in climate variability and change, the monitoring of sea levels, ocean uptake of carbon dioxide, and Antarctic marine ecosystems.

Dr. Houghton and colleagues conclude that the greater certainty in atmospheric carbon measurements has led to an increased certainty in the calculated rate of carbon uptake by land and oceans.

Since the emissions today are three times higher than they were in the 1960s, this increased uptake by land and ocean is not only surprising; it's good news.

Upper - ocean processes dissipate heat, transport nutrients and impact the uptake of carbon dioxide — making circulation a critical driver of biological activity in the ocean.

The uptake of fossil fuel carbon dioxide (CO2) by the ocean increases seawater acidity and causes a decline in carbonate ion concentrations.

These variations originate primarily from fluctuations in carbon uptake by land ecosystems driven by the natural variability of the climate system, rather than by oceans or from changes in the levels of human - made carbon emissions.

Researchers have long known the region is crucial in the uptake of atmospheric CO2 and that biological processes in the Southern Ocean influence the global ocean system via northward flowing currOcean influence the global ocean system via northward flowing currocean system via northward flowing currents.

This is an important advance because nutrient uptake is a central property of ocean biogeochemistry, and in many regions controls carbon dioxide fixation, which ultimately can play a role in mitigating climate change.

To address the knowledge gap about the globally - relevant ecosystem process of nutrient uptake, researchers worked to identify how different levels of microbial biodiversity influenced in situ phosphorus uptake in the Western Subtropical North Atlantic Ocean.

«A limit to the availability of iron in this region means that the ocean is less efficient in its uptake of atmospheric carbon dioxide,» he said.

Not considering the change in net uptake of carbon by the ocean, you can put the following numbers on that (based on Ramanathan and Feng, 2009):

As the uptake of carbon dioxide has increased in the last century, so has the acidity of oceans worldwide.

An increased uptake of carbon by the oceans (in the hypothetical situation of stopping all emissions immediately) is not likely to cancel the «unmasked» greenhouse warming in addition to canceling the «committed» ocean warming.

For the change in annual mean surface air temperature in the various cases, the model experiments show the familiar pattern documented in the SAR with a maximum warming in the high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and a minimum in the Southern Ocean (due to ocean heat uptakOcean (due to ocean heat uptakocean heat uptake)(2)

Industrial - era global ocean heat uptake doubles in recent decades.

For one thing, the fit neglects lags in the system (such as those resulting from ocean heat uptake) and it also neglects changes in albedo and other radiative factors.

These rising atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations have led to an increase in global average temperatures of ~ 0.2 °C decade — 1, much of which has been absorbed by the oceans, whilst the oceanic uptake of atmospheric CO2 has led to major changes in surface ocean pH (Levitus et al., 2000, 2005; Feely et al., 2008; Hoegh - Guldberg and Bruno, 2010; Mora et al., 2013; Roemmich et al., 2015).

Almost everybody agrees that it has to do with fluctuations in the carbon uptake by the oceans, with a number of theories relying on enhancement of the biological pump, much along the lines you suggest.

Injection of a large amount of surface freshwater in either hemisphere has a notable impact on heat uptake by the ocean and the internal ocean heat distribution (Fig. 12).

«We have to consider there are two sides of the coin: On the one hand, the uptake of carbon dioxide moderates climate change but, on the other hand, it affects life in the ocean — with consequences for economy and society.»

Oceanic uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) causes pronounced shifts in marine carbonate chemistry and a decrease in seawater pH. Increasing evidence indicates that these changes — summarized by the term ocean acidification (OA)-- can significantly affect marine food webs and biogeochemical cycles.

On shorter time scales, however, changes in heat storage (i.e., ocean heat uptake or release) can affect global mean temperature.

Dr Peter Stott, commenting on Gavin's study in the Guardian, http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/jun/04/global-warming-hasnt-paused-study-finds says the term slowdown is valid because the past 15 years might have been still hotter were it not for natural variations like deep ocean heat uptake.

The treatment of uncertainty in the ocean's uptake of heat varies, from assuming a fixed value for a model's ocean diffusivity (Andronova and Schlesinger, 2001) to trying to allow for a wide range of ocean mixing parameters (Knutti et al., 2002, 2003) or systematically varying the ocean's effective diffusivity (e.g., Forest et al., 2002, 2006; Frame et al., 2005).

«This amount is in the order of magnitude of the annual net uptake of carbon by the biosphere of the oceans,» notes Markus Reichstein.

They got 10 pages in Science, which is a lot, but in it they cover radiation balance, 1D and 3D modelling, climate sensitivity, the main feedbacks (water vapour, lapse rate, clouds, ice - and vegetation albedo); solar and volcanic forcing; the uncertainties of aerosol forcings; and ocean heat uptake.

[Response: «in the absence of other unknowns» — aerosol forcing, ocean heat uptake, internal variability, underestimates of solar and volcanic forcing... — gavin]

The upper 95th percentile is not well constrained, particularly in studies that account conservatively for uncertainty in, for example, 20th - century radiative forcing and ocean heat uptake.

In addition, some studies also use the estimated ocean heat uptake since 1955 based on Levitus et al. (2000, 2005)(Chapter 5), and temperature changes in the free atmosphere (Chapter 3; see also Table 9.3In addition, some studies also use the estimated ocean heat uptake since 1955 based on Levitus et al. (2000, 2005)(Chapter 5), and temperature changes in the free atmosphere (Chapter 3; see also Table 9.3in the free atmosphere (Chapter 3; see also Table 9.3).

If I instantly quadruple CO2 in an experiment, I'd expect ocean heat uptake (OHU) to occur pretty uniformly in latitude for the initial few years, but then become pretty localized to the subpolar oceans after, say, year 100.

The importance of the Arctic Ocean in the context of global carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake and ocean acidification is widely accepted [1]-Ocean in the context of global carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake and ocean acidification is widely accepted [1]-ocean acidification is widely accepted [1]--[9].

From the estimated net CO2 uptake rates of the Arctic Ocean (65 — 175 Tg C yr − 1; reviewed in ref.

How do communities in the nutrient - poor, so - called oligotrophic open ocean react, if the seawater gradually acidifies due to the uptake of human - induced carbon dioxide (CO2)?

In conclusion, the data presented here collectively suggest that recent decreases in western Arctic Ocean Ωa can be predominantly attributed to recent melting of multiyear sea ice and the associated seawater freshening and uptake of atmospheric CO2; biogeochemical processes exert an additional influencIn conclusion, the data presented here collectively suggest that recent decreases in western Arctic Ocean Ωa can be predominantly attributed to recent melting of multiyear sea ice and the associated seawater freshening and uptake of atmospheric CO2; biogeochemical processes exert an additional influencin western Arctic Ocean Ωa can be predominantly attributed to recent melting of multiyear sea ice and the associated seawater freshening and uptake of atmospheric CO2; biogeochemical processes exert an additional influence.

These figures may be even more noteworthy given that the uptake occurs predominantly in seasonally ice - free areas, which are a fraction of the Arctic Ocean surface.

[8]-RRB-, it is inferred that as much as 7.5 % of global oceanic CO2 uptake may occur in the Arctic Ocean, which comprises only 3.9 % of the global ocean's surOcean, which comprises only 3.9 % of the global ocean's surocean's surface.

His description should be read for details, but the essence of the evidence lies in the observation that ocean heat uptake (OHC) has been increasing during the post-1950 warming.

But concerning the ocean heat uptake, have you some confidence in altimetric sea level measurement?

By 2100, the ocean uptake rate of 5 Gt C yr - 1 is balanced by the terrestrial carbon source, and atmospheric CO2 concentrations are 250 p.p.m.v. higher in our fully coupled simulation than in uncoupled carbon models2, resulting in a global - mean warming of 5.5 K, as compared to 4 K without the carbon - cycle feedback.

[Response: I'm sure Eric won't mind me stepping in with some questions for you instead — 1) why do you keep insinuating that terrestrial and ocean uptake of anthropogenic CO2 is somehow not accepted by mainstream scientists?

Kevin Trenberth, who has recently published a paper on this topic, explains the increased heat uptake in the deep ocean:

Since OHC uptake efficiency associated with surface warming is low compared with the rate of radiative restoring (increase in energy loss to space as specified by the climate feedback parameter), an important internal contribution must lead to a loss rather than a gain of ocean heat; thus the observation of OHC increase requires a dominant role for external forcing.

If we knew ocean heat uptake as well as we know atmospheric temperature change, then we could pin down fairly well the radiative imbalance at the top of the atmosphere, which would give us a fair indication of how much warming is «in the pipeline» given current greenhouse gas concentrations.

When the oceans begin to slow the rate of CO2 uptake at saturation point that will futher push atmospheric CO2 even higher, simultaneously the massive amounts of additional CO2 and methane and nitrous oxide etc released from the decay and oxidisation of oceanic living creatures who can not survive in a low ph environment will future ram the nail in the coffin.

Dr Peter Stott, commenting on Gavin's study in the Guardian, http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/jun/04/global-warming-hasnt-paused-study-finds says the term slowdown is valid because the past 15 years might have been still hotter were it not for natural variations like deep ocean heat uptake.

If the greenhouse effect (that checks the exit of longwave radiation from Earth into space) or the amount of absorbed sunlight diminished, one would see a slowing in the heat uptake of the oceans.

The estimated uptake timescales are within the range he reports for his data - driven calculation, 50 years or so, even though the mean uptake time of the ocean reservoirs in that model, weighted by their sizes, is 600 years.

Your attempt to estimate equilibrium climate sensitivity from the 20th C won't work because a) the forcings are not that well known (so the error in your estimate is large), b) the climate is not in equilibrium — you need to account for the uptake of heat in the ocean at least.