Sentences with phrase «in oceanic cycle»

Not exact matches

Seasonal weather fluctuations also depend on factors such as proximity to oceans or other large bodies of water, currents in those oceans, El Nino / ENSO and other oceanic cycles, and prevailing winds.

Paul Dirmeyer, a professor in the department of atmospheric, oceanic and earth sciences at George Mason University who was not involved in the study, notes: «Green et al. put forward an intriguing and exciting new idea, expanding our measures of land - atmospheric feedbacks from mainly a phenomenon of the water and energy cycles to include the biosphere, both as a response to climate forcing and a forcing to climate response.»

Unicellular photosynthetic microbes — phytoplankton — are responsible for virtually all oceanic primary production, which fuels marine food webs and plays a fundamental role in the global carbon cycle.

Carbonates are important constituents of marine sediments and are heavily involved in the planet's deep carbon cycle, primarily due to oceanic crust sinking into the mantle, a process called subduction.

Other studies have linked these oceanic cycles with earlier snowmelts and warmer winters in California since the 1940s, and with a decline in California's coastal fog since the early 20th century.

The consensus is that several factors are important: atmospheric composition (the concentrations of carbon dioxide, methane); changes in the Earth's orbit around the Sun known as Milankovitch cycles (and possibly the Sun's orbit around the galaxy); the motion of tectonic plates resulting in changes in the relative location and amount of continental and oceanic crust on the Earth's surface, which could affect wind and ocean currents; variations in solar output; the orbital dynamics of the Earth - Moon system; and the impact of relatively large meteorites, and volcanism including eruptions of supervolcanoes.

«The climate patterns responsible for the expected above - normal 2007 hurricane season continue to be the ongoing multi-decadal signal (the set of oceanic and atmospheric conditions that have spawned increased Atlantic hurricane activity since 1995), warmer - than - normal sea surface temperatures in key areas of the Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea, and the El Nino / La Nina cycle»

Based on findings related to oceanic acidity levels during the PETM and on calculations about the cycling of carbon among the oceans, air, plants and soil, Dickens and co-authors Richard Zeebe of the University of Hawaii and James Zachos of the University of California - Santa Cruz determined that the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increased by about 70 percent during the PETM.

Changes in oceanic circulation in the North Atlantic have influence on a planetary level by affecting, in particular, the water cycle.

If so, I think we want to include tightly coupled chemical and biological processes, in that case — for example, the chemical fate of atmospheric methane over time, the effects of increasing atmospheric CO2 on oceanic acid - base chemistry, and the response of the biological components of the carbon cycle to increased temperatures and a changing hydrologic cycle.

They say that their research shows that much of the warming was caused by oceanic cycles when they were in a â $ ˜warm modeâ $ ™ as opposed to the present â $ ˜cold modeâ $ ™.

Additionally the oceanic warming and cooling cycles introduce constant, rapid and substantial changes not yet reflected in any models and which invalidate any averaged global estimates of the planetary heat budget.

Thus, these microscopic bacteria perform a huge function in helping determine the oceanic ecosystem response to the cycling of carbon under climate change.

Climate contrarian geologist Don Easterbook has been predicting impending global cooling since 2000, based on expected changes in various oceanic cycles (including ENSO) and solar activity.

It logically follows that, from time to time, the other oceanic cycles can operate in conjunction with PDO / ENSO to emphasise the effect on the global temperature.

Before it is safe to attribute a global warming or a global cooling effect to any other factor (CO2 in particular) it is necessary to disentangle the simultaneous overlapping positive and negative effects of solar variation, PDO / ENSO and the other oceanic cycles.

«from time to time the other oceanic cycles can operate in the opposite mode to PDO / ENSO thereby offsetting it until any lag is worked through.

By calculating the running total departing from this figure in a simple integration I found that combined with the ~ 60 oceanic cycles (also solar influenced), I could reproduce the temperature history of the last 150 years quite accurately.

We also need to identify all the separate oceanic cycles around the globe and ascertain both the current state of their respective warming or cooling modes and, moreover, the intensity of each, both at the time of measurement and in the future.

What is even more remarkable, is the fact that common frequencies seen in the two data sets [i.e. the flux optical depth anomaly and the SOI index] are simply those that would be expected if ENSO phenomenon is a resonant response of the Earth's (atmospheric / oceanic) climate system brought about by a coupling between it and the Earth's forced (18.6 year Nodical Lunar Cycle) and unforced (1.2 year Chandler Wobble) nutations.

It will be hard to identify because, as I have mentioned in my other articles, the filtering of the solar signal through the various oceanic cycles is neither rapid nor straightforward.

On balance the evidence shows that solar and oceanic variations are more likely the cause of recent observations of warming in the air than increasing CO2 in the air but the issue can soon be resolved by observing the global air temperature changes that occur during and after the extended cycle 23 and the probable weak cycle 24.

In fact that point of transition will itself vary over time depending on whether, at any given moment, the oceanic cycles are working against or in support of the TSI changeIn fact that point of transition will itself vary over time depending on whether, at any given moment, the oceanic cycles are working against or in support of the TSI changein support of the TSI changes.

The natural cycles can not be reasonable removed until it is known what in hell drives them, how long they last, what sort of feedbacks do they create independently and among other cycles, how they interact with CO2 and other first order anthro - forcings that alter the earths surface, atmospheric and oceanic physiobiochemistry.

[17] A 1500 year cycle corresponding to the North Atlantic oceanic circulation may have widespread global distribution in the Late Holocene.

In some way, that's the engine where all the other variations must be hanged (specially variations in albedo because of clouds - maybe connected with solar cycles as other authors are trying to prove -, variations in albedo because of sea ice extention, linked with the oceanic currents - as in the «stadium wave» that was presented by Curry and others, etc., variations in heat exchange between atmosphere and oceans, and so oIn some way, that's the engine where all the other variations must be hanged (specially variations in albedo because of clouds - maybe connected with solar cycles as other authors are trying to prove -, variations in albedo because of sea ice extention, linked with the oceanic currents - as in the «stadium wave» that was presented by Curry and others, etc., variations in heat exchange between atmosphere and oceans, and so oin albedo because of clouds - maybe connected with solar cycles as other authors are trying to prove -, variations in albedo because of sea ice extention, linked with the oceanic currents - as in the «stadium wave» that was presented by Curry and others, etc., variations in heat exchange between atmosphere and oceans, and so oin albedo because of sea ice extention, linked with the oceanic currents - as in the «stadium wave» that was presented by Curry and others, etc., variations in heat exchange between atmosphere and oceans, and so oin the «stadium wave» that was presented by Curry and others, etc., variations in heat exchange between atmosphere and oceans, and so oin heat exchange between atmosphere and oceans, and so on.

In short, Swanson and Tsonis hypothesized that when various natural oceanic cycles (PDO, AMO, etc.) synchronize (i.e. in their positive or negative phases), they can cause a short - term warming or cooling which could be described as a «climate regime shift.&raquIn short, Swanson and Tsonis hypothesized that when various natural oceanic cycles (PDO, AMO, etc.) synchronize (i.e. in their positive or negative phases), they can cause a short - term warming or cooling which could be described as a «climate regime shift.&raquin their positive or negative phases), they can cause a short - term warming or cooling which could be described as a «climate regime shift.»

Media in typhoon - prone Japan ignore new important findings suggesting hurricanes and typhoon intensification speed depends mostly on natural oceanic cycles, and not related to atmospheric CO2.

Other studies have linked these oceanic cycles with earlier snowmelts and warmer winters in California since the 1940s, and with a decline in California's coastal fog since the early 20th century.

Once the sign of the solar effect on the stratosphere is reversed it becomes possible to propose a system of climate change arising simply from the latitudinal shifting of the air circulation systems in response to competing forces from variable oceanic and solar cycles.

In particular that could provide a plausible connection to the longer term climate and oceanic cycling that I have referred to.

The reason for a reduced CO2 rate of rise was probably not due to a reduction in emission rates, but it may have reflected carbon cycle feedbacks that slightly altered the balance between atmospheric CO2 and terrestrial and oceanic sinks.

All those effects (GHGs, solar and oceanic) operate by changing the speed of the water cycle which speed responds instantly to changes in the atmospheric heights.

It seems to the writer that spreading global oceanic cycles of up to 30 years in length across 3 solar cycles results in a close enough match to fit temperature observations over the past few hundred years and especially since 1961.

Thus a decline in solar energy will have an immediate effect if it occurs at a time when the overall balance of all the oceanic oscillations is negative as now (2007 to date) when the end of solar cycle 23 is significantly delayed and the late start of cycle 24 suggests a weaker cycle than we have had for some time.

The main omissions in current climatology are to ignore the oceanic role in setting and maintaining AND CHANGING the Earth's temperature and failing to recognise that the speed of the hydro cycle changes in response to those oceanic forcings.In 1988 when this all started no one acknowledged the significance of ENSO events globally or the existence of 30 year phase shifts let alone a 500 year ocean cycle.

Sometimes the solar cycles operate in conjunction with the oceanic oscillations but at other times they work against each other.

This article makes use of recent findings about the relatively short decadal or multi decadal (20 to 30 years) oceanic oscillations that, the writer contends, are short enough to bring the time scales involved in oceanic changes into line with the solar cycles of 11 years or so.

You must calculate the greenhouse affect on the warming / lack of warming in the oceanic hydrological cycle.

The most likely candidate for that climatic variable force that comes to mind is solar variability (because I can think of no other force that can change or reverse in a different trend often enough, and quick enough to account for the historical climatic record) and the primary and secondary effects associated with this solar variability which I feel are a significant player in glacial / inter-glacial cycles, counter climatic trends when taken into consideration with these factors which are, land / ocean arrangements, mean land elevation, mean magnetic field strength of the earth (magnetic excursions), the mean state of the climate (average global temperature), the initial state of the earth's climate (how close to interglacial - glacial threshold condition it is) the state of random terrestrial (violent volcanic eruption, or a random atmospheric circulation / oceanic pattern that feeds upon itself possibly) / extra terrestrial events (super-nova in vicinity of earth or a random impact) along with Milankovitch Ccycles, counter climatic trends when taken into consideration with these factors which are, land / ocean arrangements, mean land elevation, mean magnetic field strength of the earth (magnetic excursions), the mean state of the climate (average global temperature), the initial state of the earth's climate (how close to interglacial - glacial threshold condition it is) the state of random terrestrial (violent volcanic eruption, or a random atmospheric circulation / oceanic pattern that feeds upon itself possibly) / extra terrestrial events (super-nova in vicinity of earth or a random impact) along with Milankovitch CyclesCycles.

(3) Land air / soil annual temperature cycles are more extreme than oceanic water temperature cycles overall (in the way they affect the metabolism of land plants).

As to the mechanics of both top down solar and bottom up oceanic influences on the surface air pressure distribution (and thus the movements of the climate zones) I have dealt with that in detail elsewhere so here suffice it to say that all climate change is simply the surface air pressure distribution shifting to accommodate those three primary solar and oceanic cycles.

It is clear that the Bond record mixed periodicity reflects the climatic shift that took place at the MHT from mainly solar forcing to a mixed solar and oceanic forcing (figure 41), and therefore it can be concluded that the first assumption of Gerard Bond is incorrect: different peaks represent cooling from different causes, and thus a Bond cycle does not exist in the Holocene.

It will be hard to identify because, as I have mentioned in my other articles, the filtering of the solar signal through the various oceanic cycles is neither rapid nor straightforward and it appears that the effects are caused not by solar irradiance in itself but rather by changes in the mix of wavelengths and particles from the sun as solar activity varies.

But as for long - term (decadal) oceanic events such as the AMO — do they actually exist as some sort of real physical cycle, or are they only a collection of random natural variations that we interpret in our minds as some sort of «real» thing?

«On the basis of the information in the public domain about solar cycles and the positive PDO it should have been blatantly obvious that the world would warm up without the need to speculate on a contribution from CO2 or anything else... I find Mr. [Alec] Rawls very helpful in illustrating the effect of time lags between solar input and oceanic oscillations... As Mr. Rawls points out...

Although correlations between the growth rate of atmospheric CO2 concentrations and the El Niño — Southern Oscillation are well known, the magnitude of the correlation and the timing of the responses of oceanic and terrestrial carbon cycle remain poorly constrained in space and time.

A first carbon cycle assessment was performed through an international model and analysis workshop examining terrestrial and oceanic uptake to better quantify the relationship between CO2 emissions and the resulting increase in atmospheric abundance.

Models differ considerably in their estimates of the strength of different feedbacks in the climate system, particularly cloud feedbacks, oceanic heat uptake and carbon cycle feedbacks, although progress has been made in these areas.

Since 2009, US CLIVAR has collaborated with the OCB Program, whose mission is to study the impact of oceanic variability in the global carbon cycle in the face of environmental variability and change.