Research shows that dyslexia is now recognized as a primarily auditory disorder, with weaknesses appearing specifically
in phonological processing.
Developmental dyslexia, characterized by unexplained difficulty in reading, is associated with behavioral deficits
in phonological processing.
Not exact matches
Impaired
phonological processing is characteristic of dyslexia and thought to be a basis for difficulty
in learning to read.
«Because of
phonological processing problems
in dyslexia, establishing a finely tuned system that can quickly and efficiently learn and recognize words might be difficult or impossible,» he says.
The researchers studied MRI scans of preschool - age children and found that those with a family history of dyslexia were less likely to demonstrate activation during
phonological processing and more likely to show decreases
in gray matter than kids without that family history.
Characteristic features of dyslexia are difficulties
in phonological awareness, verbal memory and verbal
processing speed.
It is the result of one or more brain - based language
processing challenges
in the area of rapid automatized naming (RAN), working memory, and
phonological and / or auditory
processing.
In the early to mid-2000s, research on the underlying basis of dyslexia pointed to a primary problem with the
phonological processing of speech sounds.
Persistence of
phonological processing deficits
in college dyslexics with age - appropriate reading skills.
Relations among musical skills,
phonological processing, and early reading ability
in preschool children.
Improvements
in oral language ability and
phonological processing have been associated with improvements
in reading ability and are thought to subserve learning to read (2 — 4).
These results suggest that a partial remediation of language -
processing deficits, resulting
in improved reading, ameliorates disrupted function
in brain regions associated with
phonological processing and produces additional compensatory activation
in other brain regions.
Remediation resulted
in improved language, reading performance, and increased activation
in multiple brain regions during
phonological processing.
Functional neuroimaging studies have shown a deficit
in the neural mechanisms underlying
phonological processing in children and adults with dyslexia.
Many children with learning disabilities have deficiencies
in their ability to
process phonological information.
Does success
in the Reading Recovery Program depend on developing proficiency
in phonological -
processing skills?
Specifically, Cook found that
phonological processing («the ability to discriminate and detect differences
in phonemes and speech sounds») and semantic
processing (encoding a word's meaning and making connections between the word and other words with similar meanings) are well established by third grade.
Though prevailing models of dyslexia ascribe reading difficulties to poor
phonological processing,
in recent years dyslexia has been increasingly associated with deficits
in visual attention (e.g., [15]--[24]-RRB- and poor oculomotor control [25]--[28], prompting a suggestion [5] that e-readers could be configured to reduce demands on visual attention and oculomotor control and thus make reading less of an effort for those impaired.
The nature of
phonological processing and its causal role
in the acquisition of reading skills