The missing variable fallacy of neglecting a factor entirely, implicitly treating it as 0 % effect, minimizing mention to quickly skip on (except when the target audience unavoidably already has heard of it), is common when something is so extraordinarily dangerous to the CAGW movement as to be he - who - must - not - be-named to them, a distinction which belongs to the magnitude of beneficial effects of CO2 (several tens of percent rise
in plant growth rates under a more extreme scenario of CO2 doubling, plus as huge a rise in water usage efficiency, if the plants aren't underfertilized meanwhile) and to the dominating influence of cosmic rays on climate as in the link in my name.
8 Natural Processes that Change Climate CO2 Fluctuations Changes
in plant growth rates CO2 levels fall during the growing season and rise in the winter
Not exact matches
By contrast, most manufacturers operate
in a low -
growth environment where they must do «a million things a little better» to excel, such as reduce scrap
rates and improve
plant productivity.
According to the German Machinery &
Plant Manufacturers» Association (VDMA), Indian imports reached a new climax
in 2015 with a
growth rate of 30 percent.
Planting the peppers on the south side of ridges that run east and west
in the garden will increase the
growth rate because the soil facing the sun will be warmer than level soil.
But today the market for
plant - based dairy alternatives made from ingredients such as soy, almond and oats is tipped to $ 20bn
in the next six years globally according to Allied Market Research - an annual
growth rate of 13 %, figures the dairy industry would kill for.
The region with the highest
growth rate in coal use
in the IEA outlook period is
in Southeast Asia, where Indonesia, Viet Nam, Malaysia and Philippines among others plan to underpin their power generation with new coal power
plants.
For instance, Buckley notes, on one computer simulation for 4th graders of
plants growing
in a greenhouse, kids could move the
plants around and identify, based on
growth patterns, which were sun - versus shade - loving
plants, and which fertilizer application
rate proved most effective.
My work is also directed toward determining why
plants exposed to elevated carbon dioxide concentrations often have only a temporary increase
in growth rate, and toward determining what
plant characteristics might be most beneficial to the productivity and to the nutritional value of crops if atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations continue to rise.
The researchers believe the greening is a response to higher atmospheric carbon dioxide inducing decreases
in plant stomatal conductance — the measure of the
rate of passage of carbon dioxide entering, or water vapor exiting, through the stomata of a leaf — and increases
in soil water, thus enhancing vegetation
growth.
«However, measuring root
growth during the experiment revealed that the three
plant species (coneflower, mum, holly) varied
in their
rates of root
growth in the different substrates.
In the northern edges of the plant's geographic range — central Oregon — survival and growth rates from one year to the next were higher than in the south, but plants didn't flower every yea
In the northern edges of the
plant's geographic range — central Oregon — survival and
growth rates from one year to the next were higher than
in the south, but plants didn't flower every yea
in the south, but
plants didn't flower every year.
In the five - year study period, plant survival and growth rates were low in the southern edges of the plant's geographic range — in California near the Mexican border — but flowering rates were hig
In the five - year study period,
plant survival and
growth rates were low
in the southern edges of the plant's geographic range — in California near the Mexican border — but flowering rates were hig
in the southern edges of the
plant's geographic range —
in California near the Mexican border — but flowering rates were hig
in California near the Mexican border — but flowering
rates were high.
Prior to the new research published
in Nature Climate Change, computer models used to simulate future climate change generally had not been able to simulate interactions between
plant growth and microbial decomposition
rates.
The climate is warming
in the arctic at twice the
rate of the rest of the globe creating a longer growing season and increased
plant growth, which captures atmospheric carbon, and thawing permafrost, which releases carbon into the atmosphere.
After eight days, the
plantings showed that purified single - walled nanotubes
in water enhanced the germination
rate and shoot
growth of wheatgrass, which grew an average of 13 percent larger than
plants in plain water.
For many crops more carbon dioxide means a rise
in the
rate of photosynthesis and, therefore,
in growth; and with increased carbon dioxide some
plants» use of water is more efficient, according to studies done
in conventional glass greenhouses.
However, Dr Pullen and his team present evidence that
plant growth is actually «sink - limited,» meaning that genetic regulation and cell division
rates have a much bigger role
in controlling
plant growth than previously thought: «We are proposing that
plant growth is not physically limited by Net Primary Productivity (NPP) or the environment, but instead is limited genetically
in response to these signals to ensure they do not become limiting.»
For humans
in the region that is now Wyoming and Colorado between 6,000 and 13,000 years ago — people who foraged on animals and
plants to survive — the analysis showed a long - term annual
growth rate of 0.041 percent, consistent with
growth that took place throughout North America.
«C4
plants capture carbon faster and have higher
growth rates, particularly
in subtropical and tropical environments,» he said.
At the same time, poleward shifts of westerly winds
in the Southern Ocean reduced the region's ability to suck up CO2 as have mid-latitude droughts, which slowed the
growth rate of forests and
plants that capture carbon.
In any case, a new market analysis by Lux Research forecasts that the global desalinated water supply will grow at a compound annual
growth rate of 9.5 percent during the next decade as Australia, Israel, Singapore, California and others build desalinization
plants for seawater and inland brackish water as well as for water recycling.
Mander, a chemist from the Australian National University
in Canberra, has developed a version of a
plant growth hormone which keeps grass lush and green but slows its
growth to about a third of its normal
rate.
However, while experiments on natural ecosystems have also found initial elevations
in the
rate of
plant growth, these have tended to level off within a few years.
For humans
in the Wyoming and Colorado region between 6,000 and 13,000 years ago — people who foraged on animals and
plants to survive — the analysis showed a long - term annual
growth rate of 0.041 percent, consistent with
growth that took place throughout North America.
Prior to the new research published today
in Nature Climate Change, computer models used to simulate future climate change generally had not been able to simulate interactions between
plant growth and microbial decomposition
rates.
This is one way to explain the low
rates of cancer among
plant - based populations: the drop
in animal protein intake leads to a drop
in IGF - 1, which leads to a drop
in cancer
growth.
1]-RRB- dispersal are detailed
in Table II; the elements of
plant strategies are: PT is
plant type, sm is shoot morphology, lf is leaf form, c is canopy, loep is length of established phase, lor is lifetime of roots, lp is leaf phenology, rop is reproductive organ phenology, ff is flowering frequency, poaps = proportion of annual production for seeds, podup is perennating organs during unfavourable periods, rs is regenerative strategy, mpgr is mean potential
growth rate, rrd is response to resource depletion, pumn is photosynthetic uptake of mineral nutrients, ac is acclimation capacity, sop is storage of photosynthates, lc is litter characteristic, psh is palatability to non-specific herbivores and nDNA is nuclear DNA amount.
I also understand that, even
in «ideal» conditions where there is no nutrient or water shortage, there is a limit on the
growth rate of
plants such that
plant growth responds less to CO2 increases above particular threshold levels [which vary from species to species].
Early evidence suggests that globally, the
rate of water loss from soil and
plants (called «evapotranspiration») has declined, a finding reinforced by a global slowdown
in plant growth.
The CO2 produced does, however, accelerate the
growth rates of
plants and also permits
plants to grow
in drier regions.
But even without warming, an increase
in carbon dioxide should itself accelerate
growth rates of
plants.
The inescapable if unfashionable conclusion is that the human use of fossil fuels has been causing the greening of the planet
in three separate ways: first, by displacing firewood as a fuel; second, by warming the climate; and third, by raising carbon dioxide levels, which raise
plant growth rates.
This greater
plant growth means more carbon is stored
in the increasing biomass, so it was previously thought the greening would result
in more carbon dioxide being taken up from the atmosphere, thus helping to reduce the
rate of global warming.
And it's happening because of carbon dioxide and global warming: «human use of fossil fuels has been causing the greening of the planet
in three separate ways: first, by displacing firewood as a fuel; second, by warming the climate; and third, by raising carbon dioxide levels, which raise
plant growth rates.»
There are two primary externalities that result from our emissions of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere — 1) an enhancement of the greenhouse effect, which results
in an alteration of the energy flow
in the earth's climate and a general tendency to warm the global average surface temperature, and 2) an enhancement of the
rate of photosynthesis
in plants and a general tendency to result
in more efficient
growth and an overall healthier condition of vegetation (including crops).
Aerial CO2 fertilization is the reason for the increase
in plant growth, crop yield, and presumably tree
growth for the recent past, where some trees grow at faster
rates than others by increasing airborne carbon dioxide concentrations.
Also the reduction
in the CO2 saturation depth (carbonate compensation depth) and increased
plant growth in the ocean will reduce the
rate at which CO2 increases
in the ocean.
It's baloney of course — the current climate is the best climate our planet has had
in at least 500 years for human health and prosperity, and green
plant growth rates.
But even today, with human emissions causing CO2 to reach 400 ppm
plants are still restricted
in their
growth rate, which would be much higher if CO2 were at 1000 - 2000 ppm.
Despite slow
rates of
plant growth in the Arctic and sub-Arctic latitudes, massive deposits of peat have accumulated there since the last glacial maximum (Smith et al., 2004; MacDonald et al., 2006).
The chart shows needed & unneeded coal capacity (GW)
in 2020 based on existing
plants as of 2016 and under construction under different coal
plant capacity factors and power generation
growth rates.
Of course, we do know that the
rate of photosynthesis (the
rate - limiting step
in the
growth of most
plants) depends on temperature.
The basic physics of greenhouse gases are simply not one of those things that are not well - enough understood and if you don't understand how greenhouse gases work you can't possibly move on to any reasonable debate about other phenomena which can and do (IMO) largely negate the effects of increasing greenhouse gases and leave us
in a situation where the modest increase
in carbon dioxide has vast beneficial effect by warming the planet at high latitudes where warming is welcome, not warming it at low latitudes where it is already warm enough, increasing the
growth rate of green
plants, and decreasing the water needs of green
plants at the same time.
But be it friend or foe, a study by scientists at the Agriculture Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture shows that warming temperatures and elevated levels of CO2 resulted not only
in increased weed
growth rates, size and pollen production, but also a change
in the
plants» chemical composition.
That 1.1 C is the IPCC low end «sensitivity» estimate which isn't a scary number at all and
in fact is a great number because if that's all it is then the slight warming, mostly
in the winter
in the higher latitudes, is a great boon to agriculture especially when the biological effect of higher CO2 on green
plant growth rates and water consumption is taken into consideration.