Sentences with phrase «in seasonal sea ice»

Blanchard - Wrigglesworth, E., R. I. Cullather, W. Wang, J. Zhang, and C. M. Bitz, Model forecast skill and sensitivity to initial conditions in the seasonal Sea Ice Outlook, Geophys.

For example, reductions in seasonal sea ice cover and higher surface temperatures may open up new habitat in polar regions for some important fish species, such as cod, herring, and pollock.128 However, continued presence of cold bottom - water temperatures on the Alaskan continental shelf could limit northward migration into the northern Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea off northwestern Alaska.129, 130 In addition, warming may cause reductions in the abundance of some species, such as pollock, in their current ranges in the Bering Sea131and reduce the health of juvenile sockeye salmon, potentially resulting in decreased overwinter survival.132 If ocean warming continues, it is unlikely that current fishing pressure on pollock can be sustained.133 Higher temperatures are also likely to increase the frequency of early Chinook salmon migrations, making management of the fishery by multiple user groups more challenging.134

Model forecast skill and sensitivity to initial conditions in the seasonal Sea Ice Outlook.

The eastern Barents Sea (located in Russian territory), as defined by the Polar Bear Specialist Group (see map below), provides ample habitat for polar bears to thrive despite extended fluctuations in seasonal sea ice cover in the western portion.

Not exact matches

Polar bears, the poster - child for climate change, are among the animals most affected by the seasonal and year - to - year changes in Arctic sea ice, because they rely on this surface for essential activities such as hunting, traveling and breeding.

For 57 days in January and February 2010, the Palmer plowed along the peninsula toward Scar Inlet, ramming through seasonal sea ice up to two meters thick.

Every year Aleksey Marchenko of The University Center in Svalbard, a Norwegian archipelago north of Scandinavia, leads students across the chilly waters of the Barents Sea to study the seasonal ice pack.

Ice - covered sea areas in the Arctic Ocean during summer have nearly halved since the 1970s and 1980s, raising alarm that the ocean is shifting from a multiyear to a seasonal ice zoIce - covered sea areas in the Arctic Ocean during summer have nearly halved since the 1970s and 1980s, raising alarm that the ocean is shifting from a multiyear to a seasonal ice zoice zone.

«This study was the first to quantitatively elucidate that ice - ocean albedo feedback is a primary driver of seasonal and yearly variations in Arctic sea ice retreat,» says Kay I. Ohshima.

A big «hole» appeared in August in the ice pack in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas, north of Alaska, when thinner seasonal ice surrounded by thicker, older ice melted.

The research is timely given the extreme winter of 2017 - 2018, including record warm Arctic and low sea ice, record - breaking polar vortex disruption, record - breaking cold and disruptive snowfalls in the United States and Europe, severe «bomb cyclones» and costly nor'easter s, said Judah Cohen, director of seasonal forecasting at AER and lead author of the study.

The ice floating on top of the Arctic Ocean and surrounding seas shrinks in a seasonal cycle from mid-March until mid-September.

But «while the Arctic maximum is not as important as the seasonal minimum, the long - term decline is a clear indicator of climate change,» Walt Meier, a sea ice researcher at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, said in a statement.

«The combined sea ice data suggest that the seasonal Arctic sea ice cover was strongly reduced during most of the early Holocene and there appear to have been periods of ice free summers in the central Arctic Ocean.

We were particularly interested in the nature of this relationship because of the hypothesized seasonal movement of krill to inshore waters around the Antarctic Peninsula in winter, rapid changes in the climate and sea ice patterns of the Antarctic peninsula [15], [16] and the known relationships between baleen whales and krill.

The seasonal atmospheric response to projected sea ice loss in the late twenty - first century.

Seasonal atmospheric responses to reduced Arctic sea ice in an ensemble of coupled model simulations.

The extent of Arctic sea ice reached the maximum area of its seasonal cycle on March 7th coming in at 14.42 million km2.

Continuous annually layered strata provide the best kind of geological archive in which to search for a «golden spike» — these form on the floors of oxygen - starved seas and lakes, in glacial ice, and in corals and trees with seasonal growth rings

Anthony, R., Aster, R., Rowe, C., Wiens, D., Effects of seasonal and secular changes in Antarctic sea ice on microseismic noise, Eos Trans.

Judah Cohen, a climate forecaster at Atmospheric and Environmental Research in Massachusetts, who issues seasonal snowfall forecasts several months in advance for his company's clients, said the relationship between sea ice loss and the Arctic Oscillation is a key area for future research to focus on.

For example, few data are available for the polar winter, and it is not known whether aragonite - undersaturated areas decrease in size with the seasonal freezing of sea ice.

Locally, declining sea ice is affecting the feeding and migration patterns of polar bears, whales, walrus and seals, and the people who live in the Arctic and rely on seasonal ice for their livelihoods.

Multi-panel paintings in oil and smaller paintings on canvas and aluminum formats explore the tundra fragmented into puddles and bits of ice with small cascades flowing over the rocks, reminders of accelerated seasonal changes melting ice fields and sea ice.

The first question is, is there seasonal sea ice still at the Pole in 2050?

PIOMAS has been run in a forward mode (and hence without data assimilation) to yield seasonal predictions for the sea ice outlook (Zhang et al. 2008) and has also provided input to statistical forecasts (Lindsay et al. 2008) and fully - coupled models.

If polar bears have been around for few hundred thousand years they have experienced a variety of environmental changes in the Arctic, including periods when there was more sea ice than present as well as periods when seasonal sea ice was considerably less than at present.

However if we have a similar profile of volume loss as in the preceding two years then random variability looks very unlikely and I'll be veering to the following viewpoint — that something new and radical has happened in the seasonal cycle of sea - ice loss, a new factor that in principle could have the power to make a virtually sea ice free state in September plausible this decade.

If my guesstimates are anywhere near close, and I did the math right, the increase in seasonal min to max sea ice should have increased the thermohaline circulation by ~ 1Sv (as an annual average — the flow should follow the freeze up, only occuring in the fall).

Re 9 wili — I know of a paper suggesting, as I recall, that enhanced «backradiation» (downward radiation reaching the surface emitted by the air / clouds) contributed more to Arctic amplification specifically in the cold part of the year (just to be clear, backradiation should generally increase with any warming (aside from greenhouse feedbacks) and more so with a warming due to an increase in the greenhouse effect (including feedbacks like water vapor and, if positive, clouds, though regional changes in water vapor and clouds can go against the global trend); otherwise it was always my understanding that the albedo feedback was key (while sea ice decreases so far have been more a summer phenomenon (when it would be warmer to begin with), the heat capacity of the sea prevents much temperature response, but there is a greater build up of heat from the albedo feedback, and this is released in the cold part of the year when ice forms later or would have formed or would have been thicker; the seasonal effect of reduced winter snow cover decreasing at those latitudes which still recieve sunlight in the winter would not be so delayed).

These result in westerly winds (clockwise around the pole as viewed from below) just above the edge of Antarctica in the region where the seasonal sea ice forms, ie, the west wind drift:

In both cases we're talking about seasonal sea ice floating in a thin layer on the sea, next to cold and ice - covered lanIn both cases we're talking about seasonal sea ice floating in a thin layer on the sea, next to cold and ice - covered lanin a thin layer on the sea, next to cold and ice - covered land.

A few stay on the ice all year round, but southerly populations survive ashore in the summer, and it is the seasonal winter feast upon seals and other sea mammals that gives them the nourishment to make it to the next breeding season.

In both the Arctic and the Antarctic «natural causes» (the seasons) are responsible for the seasonal decrease / increase in sea ice extent, which are, of course, much larger than the average annual changIn both the Arctic and the Antarctic «natural causes» (the seasons) are responsible for the seasonal decrease / increase in sea ice extent, which are, of course, much larger than the average annual changin sea ice extent, which are, of course, much larger than the average annual change.

Seasonal sea ice changes in the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica, over the period of 1979 - 20sea ice changes in the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica, over the period of 1979 - 20Sea, Antarctica, over the period of 1979 - 2014.

As we near the final month of summer in the Northern Hemisphere, NASA scientists are watching the annual seasonal melting of the Arctic sea ice cover.

An overall warming in the 2 × CO2 experiment causes reduction of sea - ice extent by 15 %, with maximum decrease in summer and autumn, consistent with observed seasonal sea - ice changes.

Variability, trends, and predictability of seasonal sea ice retreat and advance in the Chukchi Ssea ice retreat and advance in the Chukchi SeaSea.

for article Corrigendum: The seasonal sea - ice zone in the glacial Southern Ocean as a carbon sink.

for article The seasonal sea - ice zone in the glacial Southern Ocean as a carbon sink.

Given the apparent importance of the MDCs in determining the seasonal and interannual variations in sea ice extent, it is very difficult to discriminate a global warming signal from the data because of the short data record.

«The combined sea ice data suggest that the seasonal Arctic sea ice cover was strongly reduced during most of the early Holocene and there appear to have been periods of ice free summers in the central Arctic Ocean.»

Evidence suggests that the negative phase of the Arctic Oscillation was driven in part by warm air (air warmed by the dramatic seasonal loss of Arctic sea ice) 9 as well as by changes in snow cover over Eurasia driven by climate change.10 This event is part of an emerging trend in which a warming climate may paradoxically bring colder, snowier winters to northern Europe and the eastern United States.11

Improvements in seasonal forecasting practice arising from recent research include accurate initialization of snow and frozen soil, accounting for observational uncertainty in forecast verification, and sea - ice thickness initialization using statistical predictors available in real time.

Sea ice formation in the Amundsen and Bellingshausen seas has decreased by 10 % per decade and has also shortened in seasonal length [40].

Lukovich et al. (Centre for Earth Observation Science, U. of Manitoba); 4.6; Heuristic - Dynamics Investigation of dynamical atmospheric contributions in spring to sea ice conditions in fall, based on comparison of 2011 and 2007 stratospheric and surface winds and sea level pressure (SLP) in April and May suggests regional differences in sea ice extent in fall, in a manner consistent with recent studies highlighting the importance of coastal geometry in seasonal interpretations of sea ice cover (Eisenman, 2010).

With regards to seasonal sea ice forecasting, it is too far away from my current research topics, for now I will just comment, but it is something I might take on in the next year or two.

While the Greenland Sea is dominated by ice export from the Arctic Ocean, the Barents Sea is mostly seasonal ice formed in situ.

It looks like the Arctic sea ice is close to reaching its seasonal minimum, reflecting a substantial increase in sea ice relative to the record breaking minimum in 2012.

In any event, the seasonal predictability of ENSO starting in June provides some regional predictability of sea ice variationIn any event, the seasonal predictability of ENSO starting in June provides some regional predictability of sea ice variationin June provides some regional predictability of sea ice variations.