[jounal] Sherkat, D. E. / 1999 / Recent developments and current controversies
in the sociology of religion / Annual Review of Sociology 25: 363 ~ 394
Few essays have been as widely reprinted in anthologies on the sociology of religion, as routinely cited in textbook discussions of religion, or (I suspect) as commonly required on the reading lists for graduate courses and general examinations
in sociology of religion.
One of the most interesting questions
in the sociology of religion today is not, How do you explain fundamentalism in Iran?
Cecilia Loreto Mariz received her Ph.D.
in the sociology of religion from Boston University.
Given the clarity and power of its prose, Geertz's essay was important in its own right; nevertheless, it entered an ongoing stream of theoretical discourse
in the sociology of religion, and, like any such contribution, its significance lay not only in what it said but also in what others read into it.
work
in the sociology of religion.
A rising star
in the sociology of religion, Wilcox thinks there is much to admire in the new fatherhood.
In the United States interest
in the sociology of religion was stimulated by the encyclopedic tendencies of the earlier sociologists (William Graham Sumner, Albert G. Keller, Edward A. Ross) 19 and by the work of historical and systematical social theology (Francis G. Peabody, Charles A. Ellwood, Shailer Mathews, Shirley J. Case).
On the whole, the idea of religion as sacred canopy has not yet been tested sufficiently to suggest that its merits outweigh those of several other contending approaches
in the sociology of religion.
And yet it is one of the most important tests for office,» said Jose Casanova, an expert
in the sociology of religion at Georgetown University's Berkley Center for Religion, Peace and World Affairs, who also spoke at the release of the survey results.
I had no idea what a theology of institutions would be, and I assumed that if there was anything to be done on such a topic, it was the task of my colleagues
in sociology of religion or Christian ethics.
Jackson W. Carroll and Wade Clark Roof, researchers
in the sociology of religion (at Duke University Divinity School and at the University of California — Santa Barbara), analyze three age categories — pre-boomers (born prior to 1946), boomers (born 1946 - 1964) and Gen Xers (born between 1965 and 1980)-- who according to Carroll and Roof have profoundly different expectations of the church and of religion.
In this light it is significant that four years after the appearance of After Virtue came a landmark study
in the sociology of religion, Habits of the Heart.
Based on this, I believe that the greatest discoveries (with respect to the CO2 - hypo / AGW) to come will be found by scholars
in the sociology of religions.
Not exact matches
Roof, professor
of sociology at the University
of Massachusetts, and McKinney, professor
of religion and society at Hartford Seminary, are interested not
in issuing a jeremiad or an apology about the state
of American
religion, but
in ascertaining just how the landscape
of American
religion is being altered.
In the winter of 1954, Will Herberg, the best untrained sociologist in America, turned his attention to the sociology of American religio
In the winter
of 1954, Will Herberg, the best untrained sociologist
in America, turned his attention to the sociology of American religio
in America, turned his attention to the
sociology of American
religion.
My discipline is
sociology and
religion and
in this capacity I taught at the Catholic University
of Louvain, Belgium.
For while, to the popular mind, natural selection conveyed a sanctioning
of competitiveness and assertiveness
in the interest
of survival, to the more specialized mind
in psychology and
sociology and
in the study
of religion, it revealed the decisive role
of environment and the importance
of functional adaptation.
I cherish instead the notion that if we could understand not only the
sociology and psychology
of religion but also the
religion of religion; if we could get at the roots
of conviction
in the lives
of profound believers
in the open society; if we could combine civility with devotion — if we could do these things, religious forces might retrieve some initiative and offer examples for coexistence
in the world
of the nations and the military powers.
To cite one example:
in using Peter Berger's A Rumor
of Angels as a text for a
sociology and
religion course, I was amazed to read that «it was Protestantism that first underwent the onslaught
of secularization» (p. 15).
The leading question
in every course dealing with any subject matter must be this: How does this subject matter (be it «logic, or Mexican - American history, or the
sociology of religion») contribute to assessing the validity
of Christian witness?
Halík has advocated the importance
of interfaith dialogue and religious tolerance
in his writings and lectures, both as professor
of sociology of religion at Charles University, Prague, and
in his work with the Czech Christian Academy.
It is nourished by those scholars, who have had competence
in philology, historical criticism, literary criticism, Philosophy,
Sociology and History
of Religions.
That is to say,
sociology of religion shares with the
sociology of other activities
of man certain problems and,
in addition, has its own due to the peculiar nature
of religious experience and its expression.
That does not mean that major contributions toward an inquiry into the nature
of socioreligious phenomena were not made long before, but as an organized systematic discipline (emancipated from the older disciplines
in and from which it developed) the
sociology of religion is
of recent date.
Analysis
of the nature and structure
of society as well as
of religion is carried out
in the disciplines dedicated to this purpose (general
sociology, theology, and philosophy
of religion).
(a) Philosophical preoccupation with the various types
of cultural activities on an idealistic basis (Johann Gottfried Herder, G. W. F. Hegel, Johann Gustav Droysen, Hermann Steinthal, Wilhelm Wundt); (b) legal studies (Aemilius Ludwig, Richter, Rudolf Sohm, Otto Gierke); (c) philology and archeology, both stimulated by the romantic movement
of the first decades
of the nineteenth century; (d) economic theory and history (Karl Marx, Lorenz von Stein, Heinrich von Treitschke, Wilhelm Roscher, Adolf Wagner, Gustav Schmoller, Ferdinand Tonnies); (e) ethnological research (Friedrich Ratzel, Adolf Bastian, Rudolf Steinmetz, Johann Jakob Bachofen, Hermann Steinthal, Richard Thurnwald, Alfred Vierkandt, P. Wilhelm Schmidt), on the one hand; and historical and systematical work
in theology (church history, canonical law — Kirchenrecht), systematic theology (Schleiermacher, Richard Rothe), and philosophy
of religion, on the other, prepared the way during the nineteenth century for the following era to define the task
of a
sociology of religion and to organize the material gathered by these pursuits.7 The names
of Max Weber, Ernst Troeltsch, Werner Sombart, and Georg Simmel — all students
of the above - mentioned older scholars — stand out.
Despite its influence
in the discipline, The Sacred Canopy has been superseded by many contributions to the
sociology of religion in more recent years.
In addition to the problems which the
sociology of religion inherits from the two parental disciplines, it has its own peculiar difficulties and tasks.
In contemporary sociology, Weber has often been a source of inspiration for interpretive, ethnographic, and historical approaches to religion advanced in opposition to narrowly reductionistic, positivistic research design
In contemporary
sociology, Weber has often been a source
of inspiration for interpretive, ethnographic, and historical approaches to
religion advanced
in opposition to narrowly reductionistic, positivistic research design
in opposition to narrowly reductionistic, positivistic research designs.
As with other fields
of sociological research the question has been asked if there is good enough reason to treat socioreligious phenomena separately instead
of handling them
in the traditional disciplines (theology, philosophy, anthropology, etcetera).30 Yet, as against such doubts, the work done by modern scholarship has proved the right to an independent existence
of «
sociology of religion.»
The
sociology of racial segregation
in religion is an expression and manifestation
of theology
of separation (sin)
of the church.
«Festivals and pilgrimages,» I have said
in another context, «are outstanding occasions, for here we find a close interrelation between different cultic activities such as purifications, lustrations, prayer, vows, offerings, sacrifices, and processions all
of which are
of particular interest both to the historian and the sociologist
of religion» (
Sociology of Religion, p. 42).
As a social scientist Berger avoids taking the position that
religion is an irreducible reality sui generis (i.e.,
in a class all its own), as does someone like Ninian Smart, the popular professor
of comparative
religions,
in his book The Science
of Religion and the
Sociology of Knowledge (1973).
In France and in Germany the so - called sociology of religion has evolve
In France and
in Germany the so - called sociology of religion has evolve
in Germany the so - called
sociology of religion has evolved.
For a competent handling
of subjects which pertain to the domain
of psychology,
sociology of religion etc., a solid grounding
in methodology and, generally, an acquaintance with the results
of scholarship
in the respective field has to be expected.
Kaplan read widely
in the fields
of sociology, anthropology, psychology, and comparative
religion, and kept abreast
of advances
in liberal Protestant as well as Jewish thought.
But
in most serious theology and the best
sociology of religion, the mutually rejecting tendencies
of Dionysius and Apollo, or
of Rousseau and Kant, or
of faith and science, are not taken with ultimate seriousness.
One might then as well set up the thesis that the interest
in mechanics, physics, chemistry, logic, philosophy, and
sociology, which springs up during adolescent years along with that
in poetry and
religion, is also a perversion
of the sexual instinct: - but that would be too absurd.
It is impossible to achieve more than superficial correlation
of studies
in the history and philosophy
of religion,
in psychology and
sociology, with the older disciplines, unless the relations
of the Church to
religion in general, to the particular
religions and to secular culture have been intelligibly defined.
The contributions on the one hand
of Biblical, historical and systematic theology,
of history, the
sociology of religion and the theology
of culture; and on the other, the practical experiments and experiences
in ecumenical, national, municipal and parish organization
of church life, will, one may hope, eventually be brought together
in some kind
of temporary historical synthesis.
The American pattern
of a
religion department
in a state university is totally different from the German model, though a few small departments for the study
of comparative
religions and the
sociology and philosophy
of religion exist
in various German universities.
Opportunities for graduate study and research
in the
religions of Asia have expanded rapidly
in the United States and Europe since the war, using the techniques
of linguistics, history, literary criticism,
sociology, anthropology, psychology, the arts, theology, and philosophy.
Oh, and I have and continually do study - World
Religions (besides study
in Christian theology), Philosophies, Psychology,
Sociology, etc.... Would my / and the rest
of the gang's opinions still not count...?
Though Reza's PhD is
in sociology most
of his graduate course work at UCSB was
in the history
of religion in the dept
of religious studies.
The problem is not one
of chemistry
in separation from
sociology or both
in separation from economics, or even
of all three
in separation from philosophy and
religion.
I have scholarly training
in the study
of religion — more than one degree
in it, including my Ph.D.
in sociology — and I have written mostly about Islam up until now.
That allowed me to show why various subject matters that ought to be studied by a theological school (e.g., Bible, Christian history, theology, psychology and
sociology of religion, etc.) are best studied
in their theological significance (i.e., as means to understanding God) by studying them
in their relation to the common life
of actual congregations.
(I am a sociologist
of religion with a position
in sociology and an affiliation with religious studies).
Perhaps best known for his text on the
sociology of religion, The Sacred Canopy, Berger has also shown a keen interest
in issues
of development and public policy and
in the nature
of religious belief
in the modern world, as evident
in A Far Glory: The Question
of Faith
in an Age
of Credulity (1992) and
in his most recent book, Redeeming Laughter: The Comic Dimension
of Human Experience.