Such a planetary orbit is likely to be
in synchronous rotation with its host star, so that one side is always facing the star with perpetual daylight while the other side is in perpetual darkness.
Synchronous rotation can occur as a result of tidal forces from gravitational interactions between two orbiting bodies (Earth's moon is an example of an object
in synchronous rotation, so that we only ever see one side from the ground).
Planets in the habitable zone of low - mass, cool stars are expected to be
in synchronous rotation, where one side of the planet always faces the host star (the substellar point) and the other side experiences perpetual night (the anti-stellar point).
Not exact matches
Most inner moons of planets have
synchronous rotation, so their
synchronous orbits are,
in practice, limited to their leading and trailing Lagrange points.
The theory that Mercury's
rotation was
synchronous became widely held, and it was a significant shock to astronomers when radio observations
in the 1960s questioned this belief.
Furthermore, they are locked
in a mutual
synchronous rotation while having an almost circular, no - eccentric orbit, which disfavor the formation of any currently active geological processes on their surfaces or interiors.
The problem with planets orbiting M - dwarfs is that they are prone to fall into «
synchronous rotation» so that one side of the planet always faces the star, while the other side remains
in perpetual darkness.
Planets with such orbits are also more likely to have greater orbital eccentricity which if not too large can
in turn can contribute to non
synchronous rotation such as 3:2 or even 2; 1 resonances, as seen
in Mercury with an orbital eccentricity of 0.2.
The other factor that arises from this is that CMEs, of all the various dangerous stellar eminations, appear to be most responsible for planetary atmospheric erosion so anything that mitigates their effect has got to be good
in terms of planetary habitability and most of all
in M dwarf systems where the «habitable zone» is close to the star and well within the region of
synchronous rotation.
These observations also confirm that Titan's
rotation is
in fact
synchronous like most of Saturn's other moons.
Moreover, the star seems to be depleted
in lithium because it has maintained comparably dynamo - induced, chromospheric activity resulting from a relatively fast,
synchronous (tidally - locked)
rotation with its companion and so it may have lost about 10 percent more of its matter than would a single star of its mass and age (Strobel et al, 1994).