Uncertainties due to changes
in thermometer screens are poorly known but could be 0.1 °C globally in the 19th and early 20th centuries (Parker, 1994); they are not included here, but a preliminary analysis appears in Folland et al. (2001).
Not exact matches
Its
screen will change color to let you know if your baby's temperature is
in a safe range and, because it's an infrared
thermometer, there's never any worry of cross-contamination.
For eight years, he took daily readings from the old site and from a modern,
screened thermometer a few yards away
in the garden.
The northern - exposed
thermometer yielded higher temperatures than the
screened one during summer, and nearly identical temperatures
in winter — due to heat absorbed from sunlight during the brighter months.
In the older days, and in many parts of the world still today, thermometers were installed inside naturally ventilated screen
In the older days, and
in many parts of the world still today, thermometers were installed inside naturally ventilated screen
in many parts of the world still today,
thermometers were installed inside naturally ventilated
screens.
In the older days, and in many parts of the world still today, thermometers were installed inside naturally ventilated screen
In the older days, and
in many parts of the world still today, thermometers were installed inside naturally ventilated screen
in many parts of the world still today,
thermometers were installed inside naturally ventilated
screens.
Firstly, it is now known that the
thermometer was not
in a standard Stevenson
screen at the time, but was instead placed inside a beer crate, pending the arrival of the Stevenson
screen which turned up some weeks later.
Interestingly enough, former California State climatologist James Goodridge did an independent analysis of COOP stations
in California that had gone through modernization, switching from Stevenson
Screens with mercury LIG
thermometers to MMTS electronic
thermometers.
Ideally, you should place it
in a louvred
screen, i.e. a
screen which has slats to allow the air to circulate around the
thermometer.
But now he looks further and finds that not - so - coincidentally, the largest gaps and most «inexplicable» differences occur
in the mid nineteen - nineties, the same years the BoM shifted from using old large Stevenson
screens to electronic
thermometers.
«It turns out that the
thermometers were never
in the jar recording the temperature rise presented
in the split
screen and the entire presentation was nothing but stagecraft and editing.»
At Tmax, for example, there has been a steady T rise as the sun moves higher
in the sky, the rise helped by convection of air with hot packets
in it surrounding the site, held back if frost has formed overnight, complicated if there is snow around and water phase change effects need consideration, hindered or lagged by the thermal inertia of the
screen surrounding the
thermometer as the
screen heats up.
Station 9034 closed
in 1992 and the Stevenson
Screen thermometer was moved four kilometres north to establish the Perth Metro station
in Mt Lawley (9225, elevation 24.9 m), with the 9034 historic record adjusted for baseline equivalence for both the Perth Metro and Perth Airport stations.
NMAT data are also corrected for the progressive increase
in the height of
thermometer screens on ships above the ocean surface, though no corrections have been made since 1930.
Thermometers that measure daily maximum and minimum temperatures are usually housed
in Stevenson
screens — the familiar white - painted, louvered boxes placed a few feet above the ground.
My question: How would a
thermometer read
in a stevenson
screen on the moon.
So, to labour Ken's point... of course, electronic probes and mercury
thermometers both go
in Stevenson
screens.
Both the mercury -
in - glass
thermometers, and the electronic sensors, are housed within a Stevenson
Screen.
Of course, mercury
thermometers and / or electronic probes (PRTs — platinum resistant
thermometers) go
in Stevenson
screens.
A rather more obvious problem with
thermometers at ground level
in Stephenson
screens is that they are measuring air temperature as it is affected by clouds and wind direction.
So they bought their own
thermometer (I seem to recall it having a TWC logo on it) with a remote read out and put it
in the
screen instead.
Most of the stations have changed from using liquid
in glass
thermometers (LiG)
in Stevenson
screens to electronic Minimum Maximum Temperature Systems (MMTS) or Automated Surface Observing Systems (ASOS).
Neither the max min
thermometer nor the Stephenson
screen were universally adopted until the 20th century and the manner
in which
thermometers were read and the time of observation issues were often complained about by the scientists of the day over a century ago.