Sentences with phrase «in vegetation carbon»

For negative lags, the increased fire leads to reduction in the vegetation carbon.

Changes in vegetation carbon residence times can cause major shifts in the distribution of carbon between pools, overall fluxes, and the time constants of terrestrial carbon transitions, with consequences for the land carbon balance and the associated state of ecosystems.

Mean change in vegetation carbon at +4 °C global land warming from a 1971 — 1999 baseline.

5 looked in more detail at the responses of three of these DGVMs in the Amazon region, and found that although all three models simulated reductions in vegetation carbon, they did this for different reasons.

Not exact matches

Eating less meat will free up a lot of agricultural land which can revert to growing trees and other vegetation, which, in turn, will absorb more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

«Importantly, the observed response lends weight to the hypothesis that any additional soil water in the root zone is then available to facilitate vegetation growth and greening under enhanced carbon dioxide,» Wang said.

With global climate models projecting further drying over the Amazon in the future, the potential loss of vegetation and the associated loss of carbon storage may speed up global climate change.

Determining the rate of old carbon release from permafrost had been a challenge for researchers, since vegetation that grows in thawed permafrost in forest and tundra systems releases its own modern organic carbon into soils, which readily decomposes and dilutes the «old carbon» signal from thawing permafrost soils.

The simulations suggested that the indirect effects of increased CO2 on net primary productivity (how much carbon dioxide vegetation takes in during photosynthesis minus how much carbon dioxide the plants release during respiration) are large and variable, ranging from less than 10 per cent to more than 100 per cent of the size of direct effects.

The researchers believe the greening is a response to higher atmospheric carbon dioxide inducing decreases in plant stomatal conductance — the measure of the rate of passage of carbon dioxide entering, or water vapor exiting, through the stomata of a leaf — and increases in soil water, thus enhancing vegetation growth.

This is because firstly, the micro-organisms that break down dead trees produce copious amounts of CO2, and secondly, there is less vegetation remaining that can remove the greenhouse gas from the air by capturing the carbon in leaves, trunks and roots as part of its growth cycle.

«Many old boreal forests tend to be underlain by permafrost soils, which can contain many times more carbon than that stored in the vegetation,» Euskirchen notes.

Already projects are being designed to store carbon over decades in newly planted native vegetation, to restore connectivity and biodiversity in large - scale protected areas, and to train workers in restoring and maintaining wetlands and removing invasive species.

«We were surprised that, no matter where we looked, roughly half of the carbon in river insects had originated from vegetation in the surrounding landscape rather than the river itself — in other words leaves falling or being blown into the river,» said lead author Dr Stephen Thomas, from Cardiff University's School of Biosciences.

Woody vegetation also may be expanding in grasslands because of more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, Dodds said.

The method takes advantage of varying levels of carbon and hydrogen isotopes in the soil, water, and vegetation at different latitudes.

So even though the natural processes, the vegetation, the bacteria, the soil are enormous fluxors of carbon, in fact there are larger fluxors of carbon than our fossil fuel release, but we can see that they would have been in balance for the 10,000 years going back in time.

To understand the complex relationship that determines the fate of soil carbon, the Dartmouth researchers collected soil from shrub and grass vegetation in western Greenland and conducted controlled experiments back in the laboratory.

We like to think of green, carbon - absorbing vegetation as our ally in the fight against global warming.

Dr Sue Ward, the Senior Research Associate for the project at Lancaster University, said: «Peat is one of the earth's most important stores of carbon, but one of the most vulnerable to changes in climate and changes in vegetation caused by both climate and land management.

«This study is further evidence that the diversity and makeup of the vegetation, and the soil organisms beneath our feet are vitally important in controlling how much carbon is locked up or released from these carbon rich ecosystems.»

In addition to the «fertiliser effect» on vegetation of rising carbon dioxide levels (12 October, p 40), the work of...

«If ozone continues to increase, vegetation will take up less and less of our carbon dioxide emissions, which will leave more CO2 in the atmosphere, adding to global warming,» Sitch says.

This means that more carbon is accumulating in forests and other vegetation and soils in the Northern Hemisphere during the summer, and more carbon is being released in the fall and winter, says study lead scientist Heather Graven of SIO.

Clearing land means chopping down forests and ploughing grasslands — and that releases carbon stored in soil and vegetation.

Fast - growing vegetation in wetland ecosystems captures the carbon.

Though these processes are influenced by factors including climate, vegetation and human activity, erosion is the main factor that affects the amount of carbon that ends up in rivers.

Research conducted by Jin - Soo Kim and Professor Jong - Seong Kug from the Division of Environmental Science and Engineering at Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), in collaboration with Professor Su - Jong Jeong from the School of Environmental Science and Engineering at South University of Science and Technology of China, has shown that the warmer Arctic has triggered cooler winters and springs in North America, which has in turn weakened vegetation growth and lowered carbon uptake capacity in its ecosystems.

In the end, the research suggests that greenery enhanced with carbon nanotubes could potentially produce more from sunlight, air and water, although adding such nanomaterials would be both laborious and may have unknown long - term impacts on the vegetation as a whole as well as on the environment.

Instruments on the platforms will monitor changes in the concentrations of gases such carbon dioxide, which is mainly produced when vegetation is burnt during the dry season.

When members of the Argonne team arrived at Murdock in 2004 for an initial assessment, they found trace levels of «carbon tet» in the resident vegetation.

To explore how well the timing of the changes matched up, the researcher focused on a carbon isotope called 13C, which is retained in soil in the same proportions as in the vegetation the soil once contained.

She has already found a large increase in soil carbon two years after a single application of compost, probably due to enhanced vegetation growth.

Levels go up and down slightly each year because the Northern Hemisphere has more vegetation than the Southern Hemisphere, and plants take in carbon dioxide during the summer and then release it again in the winter.

The amount and type of genetic material, along with carbon dating of the samples, reveal that between 50,000 and 25,000 years ago — before the peak of the last ice age — arctic vegetation consisted mainly of forbs, the researchers report today in Nature.

Another co-author, Rhonda Quinn of Seton Hall University, studied carbon isotopes in the soil, which along with animal fossils at the site allowed researchers to reconstruct the area's vegetation.

More natural processes of cloud brightening or enhanced weathering are less likely to raise objections, but the public react best to creating biochar (making charcoal from vegetation to lock in CO2) or capturing carbon directly from the air.»

Weather conditions strongly affect the litter production by vegetation and the decomposition of organic matter, in particular, and thus soil carbon stock changes.

In contrary to what they had expected, Egelkraut found that the dramatic shift in vegetation and soil processes for centuries had no effect on the soil's capacity to store carboIn contrary to what they had expected, Egelkraut found that the dramatic shift in vegetation and soil processes for centuries had no effect on the soil's capacity to store carboin vegetation and soil processes for centuries had no effect on the soil's capacity to store carbon.

This study highlights the key role of vegetation in controlling future terrestrial hydrologic response and emphasizes that the continental carbon and water cycles are intimately coupled over land and must be studied as an interconnected system.

How does this value compare with what what we think S was in earlier periods in Earth's history (e.g. do we think it was closer to 1 when there was little ice and / or carbon locked up in vegetation)?

For this subsystem, many of the longer term feedbacks in the full climate system (such as ice sheets, vegetation response, the carbon cycle) and some of the shorter term bio-geophysical feedbacks (methane, dust and other aerosols) are explicitly excluded.

The climate sensitivity classically defined is the response of global mean temperature to a forcing once all the «fast feedbacks» have occurred (atmospheric temperatures, clouds, water vapour, winds, snow, sea ice etc.), but before any of the «slow» feedbacks have kicked in (ice sheets, vegetation, carbon cycle etc.).

The study, recently published in the journal Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), details how NASA experts and their peers determined a stunning new way to conduct the normal «apples - to - apples» comparison between various forms of vegetation as a carbon sink.

GEDI's vegetation measurements will help close a critical gap in our current understanding of how carbon is stored and emitted over time by forests and other ecosystems.

Desertification also contributes to climate change, with land degradation and related loss of vegetation resulting in increased emissions and reduced carbon sink.

Sitch, S., et al., 2003: Evaluation of ecosystem dynamics, plant geography and terrestrial carbon cycling in the LPJ dynamic global vegetation model.

Dr Chris Jones Lead researcher in vegetation and carbon cycle modelling Met Office Hadley Centre

The aim in general was to work out how much of the carbon dioxide resulting from the burning of fossil fuels was ending up in the oceans, vegetation, soils, weathered minerals and so on.

The amount of carbon stored as vegetation is similar to the amount in the atmosphere as CO2.