For four decades, the inability of nonhuman primates to produce human speech sounds has been claimed to stem from limitations
in their vocal tract anatomy, a conclusion based on plaster casts made from the vocal tract of a monkey cadaver.
Not exact matches
[Jacob C. Dunn et al, Evolutionary Trade - Off between
Vocal Tract and Testes Dimensions
in Howler Monkeys]
In speech it's very difficult to get at a lot of things that we want to understand, because humans aren't willing to have needles and probes stuck through their
vocal tracts.
Her sculpture of the creature's
vocal tract is on display now through January 2013 at Cité du Design
in central France.
To find out how this changed the sounds produced, Bart de Boer of the University of Amsterdam
in the Netherlands created artificial
vocal tracts from shaped plastic tubes.
The authors controlled for other possible explanations, such as the possibility that hermit thrushes could select notes using the resonances of their
vocal tract in a manner similar to wind instruments like the alphorn.
Stridor indicates a narrowing somewhere
in the main, or proximal, airways — the area of the respiratory
tract between the
vocal cords high
in the neck and where the trachea, or windpipe, branches to meet the two lungs.
The negative side is that cepstral coefficients reflect the geometry of the human
vocal tract, but we are not too different from one another, so the system tends to make false hits,» says Peter French from the University of York, president of the International Association for Forensic Phonetics and Acoustics (IAFPA) and director of J.P. French Associates, the main forensic phonetics company
in the U.K. «I believe that automatic systems should be combined with human intervention,» French says.
To this end, singers often modify the resonances of their
tract to produce a characteristic «
vocal ring» that considerably boosts the sound output
in this frequency range.
The team computed the sounds and frequencies these monkeys could,
in theory, produce from the 99
tract configurations they saw, and compared them with those made by human
vocal tracts (Science Advances, DOI: 10.1126 / sciadv.1600723).
Tracheal length changes during zebra finch song and their possible role
in upper
vocal tract filtering
Other articulators involved
in avian
vocal tract filtering include beak movements and gape widths (Hoese et al., 2000; Podos et al., 2004; Nelson et al., 2005).
We used x-ray videos to quantify
vocal tract dynamics
in living macaques during vocalization, facial displays, and feeding.
(2015) Evolutionary trade - off bewteen
vocal tract and testes dimensions
in howler monkeys.
In effect, she «tunes» the resonance frequency of her
vocal tract to match the frequency of the pitch at which she is singing.
Effects of the
vocal tract filter are also evident
in elephant alarm calls.
In humans, vowel differentiation is largely affected by
vocal tract manipulations, such as tongue placement, and independent shifting of formants is common [45], [58], [59].
In the Samburu alarm call, there was a simultaneous upward shift in F1 and F2 locations, which can be effected by simple shortening of the vocal tract [45]; [55]--[57
In the Samburu alarm call, there was a simultaneous upward shift
in F1 and F2 locations, which can be effected by simple shortening of the vocal tract [45]; [55]--[57
in F1 and F2 locations, which can be effected by simple shortening of the
vocal tract [45]; [55]--[57].
At present, it is unclear to what extent formant - shifting
in elephant alarm calls is the result of voluntary
vocal tract manipulations, the simple by - product of affective states, or some other mechanism (see [61]-RRB-.
Upper respiratory
tract problems are common
in those dogs who undergo
vocal cordectomy, due to scar formation at the edge of the voice box or larynx.
In this Sneak Peak Ali Miharbi gives an overview of his recent practice, including his sound installation Whisper, that is based on the shapes human
vocal tract during speech.