Topics
include bias correction, non-linear observation operators and correlated obs errors and how to treat them in data assimilation systems.
which
includes bias corrections for XBT and MDT data, and satellite - based sea ice concentrations from the EUMETSAT Ocean Sea Ice satellite Application Facility (OSI - SAF,
Not exact matches
The results over time may vary as a function of a) the input data (which change due to
corrections, increasing archived data, changes in homogeneity adjustments,
bias corrections etc. made by others —
including the National Met Services), b) the method (all of which are documented in the various papers).
NASA GISS obtain much of their temperature data from the NOAA who adjust the data to filter out primarily time - of - observation
bias (although their
corrections also
include inhomogeneities and urban warming - more on NOAA adjustments).
This
includes raw climate model output, as well as model output that has been processed by «
bias correction» (removal of some known errors) and / or «downscaling» (addition of finer spatial detail).
The HadSST2 record
included a «bucket
correction» for data collected before 1942, to correct for a known cool
bias in the data.
Am I correct, that in this case «raw» excludes
corrections for time of observation
bias, which the NOAA data
includes?
This circuit illustrates a much more accurate picture of reality in that it
includes terms such as
bias current, offset current, and offset voltage, and this equation is the corrected equation for the operation of the circuit (this equation is still missing two of the larger
corrections, input and output resistance, because I didn't want to re-derive the equations — it gets really tedious really fast).
15,
including the latest orbits, tide models, sea - state
bias models, water vapor
corrections, etc..
However unlike the Jones et al. estimates of uncertainty, the optimum average also
includes uncertainties in
bias corrections to SST up to 1941 (Folland and Parker, 1995) and the uncertainties (as
included in Figure 2.1) in the land data component that are due to urbanisation.
This method equalizes the backgrounds of Type I and Type II probes prior to normalization, and
includes between - array normalization of Type I and Type II probes separately but does not perform dye
bias correction.