In a study of relationships between socioeconomic variables and opioid - related drug overdoses, researchers found several correlations that are often not discussed in the current conversation about the nation's deaths of despair, which
includes opioid overdoses, said Stephan Goetz, professor of agricultural and regional economics, Penn State and director of the Northeast Regional Center for Rural Development.
Previous studies have reported that states where medical marijuana is legal have lower rates of medical and non-medical prescription drug use and related harms —
including opioid overdose.
Not exact matches
Other pain points
included drug pricing and how approving more generics may affect costs (Gottlieb parried that question by noting the FDA doesn't have the authority to negotiate prices or consider pricing when approving a drug) and his alleged softness on
opioid drug makers due the aforementioned financial ties and pro-industry ideology (the nominee noted that he considers
opioid addiction and
overdoses a public health crisis «on the order of Ebola and Zika»).
In the three years since, the number of
overdose deaths involving fentanyl has skyrocketed at a rate that outpaces deaths from any other
opioid,
including heroin, hydrocodone, and oxycodone.
Among the 48 recommendations were 27 pieces of legislation on a range of topics,
including heroin and
opioid education, increasing the availability of
opioid overdose reversal drugs and removing restrictions to medication assisted treatment.
Last week, the Governor and legislative leaders reached an agreement on multiple bills that
include new programs and insurance reforms to improve treatment options for individuals suffering from heroin and
opioid addiction; measures to strengthen penalties and put in place additional tools for law enforcement to crack down on the distribution of illegal drugs; provisions to ensure the proper and safe use of naloxone, an
overdose antidote; and support for enhanced public awareness campaigns to prevent drug abuse.
It's one of many efforts
including Governor Andrew Cuomo's plan for state assistance for medication that reverses
opioid overdoses Monday.
Overdose deaths from
opioids,
including prescription
opioids and heroin, have more than quadrupled since 1999, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
The Health Department strongly encourages individuals who are likely to witness an
opioid overdose,
including individuals at risk for
opioid overdose themselves as well as their friends and family members, to learn more about
overdose prevention and obtain naloxone.
Lawmakers also questioned Marks over two - plus hours on a range of judicial issues,
including plans to expand Buffalo's successful drug intervention court to other areas of the state hit hard by the
opioid overdose crisis.
Mayor de Blasio has also invested in numerous initiatives to support our DAs» essential efforts —
including an additional $ 2 million per year to the Special Narcotics Prosecutor and $ 10 million to the Anti-Violence Innovation challenge — and launched expansive initiatives aimed at reducing
opioid misuse and
overdose deaths across the City, in close partnership with local elected officials.»
«Last year alone, in communities all across the country,
including many in New York, 1,400,000 more Americans started abusing
opioids, and every day, 44 more people are killed by an
overdose,» Gillibrand said.
That
includes 193 confirmed cases and 123 pending cases, of which a small number may be due to something other than an
opioid overdose once tests are completed.
In the advisory, Adams identified several groups of people at elevated risk of
overdoses,
including people who misuse prescription
opioids, those who use drugs like heroin and illicitly manufactured fentanyl, and those who have recently left treatment programs or incarceration.
«Given the current state of the
opioid overdose epidemic, it is critical that patients seeking help for
opioid addiction have access to comprehensive treatment that
includes highly effective medications whose effects may be enhanced with the provision of psychosocial interventions,» according to the report by Karen Dugosh, PhD, of Treatment Research Institute, Philadelphia, and colleagues
Many patients who
overdosed shared common coexisting illnesses,
including chronic mental health, circulatory and respiratory diseases, so health care providers who prescribe
opioids to patients with these preexisting conditions should do so with care and counsel the patients, according to the authors.
The committee that conducted the study and wrote the report recommended actions the FDA, other federal agencies, state and local governments, and health - related organizations should take — which
include promoting more judicious prescribing of
opioids, expanding access to treatment for
opioid use disorder, preventing more
overdose deaths, weighing societal impacts in
opioid - related regulatory decisions, and investing in research to better understand the nature of pain and develop non-addictive alternatives.
Other big issues
include combating antibiotic resistance in the U.S., stemming the
opioid epidemic that has quadrupled
overdose deaths in the U.S. since 1999 and remaining vigilant against the perennial onslaught of influenza — as well as emerging threats
including tick - borne pathogens.
Professor Strang added: «The vast majority of studies
included in this review reported on heroin
overdoses, so future research will need to examine the impact of take - home naloxone for
overdoses from long - acting
opioids, such as methadone or prescription
opioid medications.»
Doctors and first responders already use medications to combat the effects of
opioids,
including the high and the slowed breathing of an
overdose.
Additionally, because patients» health insurance records
include hospitalizations and prescriptions, there could be a way to implement prior authorizations for patients after an
overdose before they are able to obtain another
opioid prescription.
The researchers» analysis revealed that
opioid - related ICU admissions increased an average of more than half a percent each year over the seven - year study period and that patients admitted to ICUs as a result of
overdose required increasingly intensive care,
including high - cost renal replacement therapy or dialysis.
In addition, the
overdose count
included both prescription
opioids and illegal heroin.
«Hospital - based clinicians frequently treat patients with acute pain, and although
opioids may sometimes be beneficial in this setting, they do carry the risk of adverse events
including inadvertent
overdose and physical dependence,» said lead author Shoshana J. Herzig, MD, MPH, Director of Hospital Medicine Research in BIDMC's Division of General Medicine and Primary Care Sections of Hospital Medicine and Research.
A recent wave of
overdoses in states
including Ohio and Kentucky has taught law enforcement officers and first responders that the medication used to reverse
opioid overdoses — a powerful chemical called Narcan, or naxolone — often fails to rouse patients who have taken too much carfentanil.
Interestingly, a wide opening in the Mu receptor allows easy access to the
opioid binding pocket, perhaps explaining why
opioids are so potent and why their effects,
including heroin
overdoses, are rapidly reversible.
One of these novel treatments might
include the administration of naloxone, an
opioid blocker used to treat
opioid drug
overdoses, to slow the rate of food consumption.
On May 4, 2017, the Good Samaritan Drug
Overdose Act («Act») became law as part of the Government of Canada's approach to address the growing number of
overdoses and deaths caused by
opioids (pain relieving drugs,
including fentanyl).