The 2005 Jan - Sep land data (which is adjusted for urban biases) is higher than the previously warmest year (0.76 °C compared to the 1998 anomaly of 0.75 °C for the same months, and a 0.71 °C anomaly for the whole year), while the land - ocean temperature index (which
includes sea surface temperature data) is trailing slightly behind (0.58 °C compared to 0.60 °C Jan - Sep, 0.56 °C for the whole of 1998).
Not exact matches
I found problems with the
data including: ««⠉ NOAA buoys measuring near - to -
sea -
surface air
temperature — e.g. inadequate shielding of direct solar heating ««⠉ ship - based
sea surface temperature — e.g. variable points in cooling systems for diesel versus steam ship propulsion
NOAA Coastwatch Coastwatch is a NOAA resource that provides a variety of remotely sensed
data from several different satellite platforms covering U.S. coastal waters,
including sea surface temperature, ocean color, and winds.
The AARI
data include drifting stations and ice information, although not the majority (my fault to see that as «main»), that means that the difference between only land based and total is in warmer
sea surface temperatures.
In the case of ORAS4, this
includes ocean
temperature measurements from bathythermographs and the Argo buoys, and other types of
data like
sea surface height and
surface temperatures.
The
data used in estimating the Levitus et al. (2005a) ocean
temperature fields (for the above heat content estimates) do not
include sea surface temperature (SST) observations, which are discussed in Chapter 3.
«Major improvements
include updated and substantially more complete input
data from the ICOADS Release 2.5, revised Empirical Orthogonal Teleconnections (EOTs) and EOT acceptance criterion, updated
sea surface temperature (SST) quality control procedures, revised SST anomaly (SSTA) evaluation methods, revised low - frequency data filing in data sparse regions using nearby available observations, updated bias adjustments of ship SSTs using Hadley Nighttime Marine Air Temperature version 2 (HadNMAT2), and buoy SST bias adjustments not previously made in
temperature (SST) quality control procedures, revised SST anomaly (SSTA) evaluation methods, revised low - frequency
data filing in
data sparse regions using nearby available observations, updated bias adjustments of ship SSTs using Hadley Nighttime Marine Air
Temperature version 2 (HadNMAT2), and buoy SST bias adjustments not previously made in
Temperature version 2 (HadNMAT2), and buoy SST bias adjustments not previously made in v3b.»
HadSST3, HADISST and ERSST.v3b, all
include bucket model adjusted ICOADS
data, and HADCRUT4 is «a blend of the CRUTEM4 land -
surface air
temperature dataset and the HadSST3
sea -
surface temperature (SST) dataset.»
While derived from
sea surface temperature data, the PDO index is well correlated with many records of North Pacific and Pacific Northwest climate and ecology,
including sea level pressure, winter land —
surface temperature and precipitation, and stream flow.
Note we're using BEST land area, so actual rates of warming are slightly elevated from global levels
including sea surface temperatures, however BEST has enough resolution to allow us to work with 12.5 years of
temperature data and not have such abysmal CI as to need to reject the comparisons outright..
Scientists from the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and DOE made satellite observations, which
included sea surface height changes alongside
data of ocean
temperatures accumulated from 1970 to 2004.
Hausfather separated out these different records and compared them with independent
data from other sources,
including satellites and robotic floats that also measured
sea surface temperatures.
It will also
include scientifically refuting the apparent falsification of the above «dangerous AGW» hypothesis, which has resulted from the observed «lack of warming» of our planet over the past decade (atmosphere, at both the
surface and troposphere since 2001,
sea surface temperature since ARGO measurements were installed in 2003), despite record increase in atmospheric CO2, as measured at Mauna Loa, by demonstrating with empirical
data where the «missing energy» is hiding.
These datasets
include: NOAA Climate
Data Record (CDR) of
Sea Surface Temperature - WHOI, Version 1.0 U.S. Monthly Extremes Global Historical Climatology Network — Monthly (GHCN - M) Version 3 African Easterly Wave Climatology Version 1 NOAA Climate
Data Record (CDR) of Daily Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR), Version 1.2 NOAA Climate
Data Record (CDR) of Monthly Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR), Version 2.2 - 1 Global
Surface Summary of the Day — GSOD Monthly Summaries of the Global Historical Climatology Network — Daily (GHCN - D) I nternational
Surface Temperature Initiative (ISTI) Global Land
Surface Temperature Databank — Stage 1 Monthly International
Surface Temperature Initiative (ISTI) Global Land
Surface Temperature Databank — Stage 2 Monthly International
Surface Temperature Initiative (ISTI) Global Land
Surface Temperature Databank — Stage 3 Monthly International
Surface Temperature Initiative (ISTI) Global Land
Surface Temperature Databank — Stage 1 Daily... Continued
These datasets
include: NOAA Optimum Interpolation 1/4 Degree Daily
Sea Surface Temperature (OISST) Analysis, Version 2 AVHRR Pathfinder Version 5.2 Level 3 Collated (L3C) Global 4 km
Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Climate
Data Record (CDR) for 1981 - 2010 NOAA Climate
Data Record (CDR) of Gridded Satellite
Data from ISCCP B1 (GridSat - B1) 11 micron Brightness
Temperature, Version 2 NCDC Storm Events Database Coastal Economic Trends for Coastal Geographies Demographic Trends (1970 - 2010) for Coastal Geographies FEMA HAZUS Critical Facilities for Coastal Geographies Time - Series
Data for Self - Employed Economic Activity Dependent on the Ocean and Great Lakes Economy for Counties, States, and the Nation between 2005 and 2012 Time - Series
Data on the Ocean and Great Lakes Economy for Counties, States, and the Nation between 2005 and 2012 (Sector and Industry Level) Time - Series
Data on the Ocean and Great Lakes Economy for Counties, States, and the Nation between 2005 and 2012 (Sector Level)... Continued