Sentences with phrase «includes upper atmosphere»

I think including the upper atmosphere is likely to distort the record, as it is cooling while closer to earth it is warming, but am not going to take the time right now to look up exactly where the change occurs.

I think including the upper atmosphere is likely to distort the record, as it is cooling while closer to earth it is warming

Not exact matches

In reality, earth science goes far beyond direct climate change research — and includes everything from the health of oceans to the threat of devastating solar storms in the upper atmosphere.

Initial projects (both theoretical and practical) include seeking evidence for the existence of biomolecules and cells in the upper atmosphere, as well as in comets and interstellar dust; looking for evidence of biological molecules and processes in material recovered from space; and investigating the effect of space conditions on living systems.

Solar storms can cause dramatic change in the temperatures of the upper atmosphere, including the ionosphere, which ranges from about 30 miles in altitude to about 600 miles high — the edge of space.

The mission would include an orbiter and a lander, and possibly a solar - powered airship that would fly through Venus» upper atmosphere.

Another possible explanation is that the positrons originated from cosmic rays, particles from outer space that collide with atoms in the upper atmosphere to produce short - lived showers of highly energetic particles, including γ - rays.

They include the first comprehensive measurements of the composition of Mars» upper atmosphere and electrically charged ionosphere.

The spacecraft has 8 instruments designed to characterize the upper atmosphere of the planet and the processes controlling the atmosphere, including how atoms and molecules can escape the gravitational attraction of the planet and escape to space.

On the way down, Cassini will continue to send data, including measurements of the composition of Saturn's upper atmosphere.

The three instrument suites on MAVEN will include a remote sensing package built by LASP that will determine global characteristics of the upper atmosphere.

We can divide the atmosphere into a lower part (LP), which includes the surface and is the source of IR, and an upper part (UP), which we are asked to assume will cool when CO2 increases, in conjunction with the expected warming of LP from the enhanced greenhouse effect.

Included in the distribution available here is code for simulations of the upper atmospheres of Jupiter and Saturn and of the troposphere and lower stratosphere of the Saturn moon Titan.

Note that this argument applies to all levels of the atmosphere, including the upper levels where carbon dioxide is relatively less abundant, and that the line of reasoning also becomes more potent (in the sense that less additional warming is forced) the more carbon dioxide that either humans or nature emit.

Heat is being radiated into space from GH gases (including water vapour) in the upper atmosphere.

Living things — including you and me — contain 14C that is continuously generated in the upper atmosphere (and from above - ground nuclear tests in the 50s and 60s).

Research published in 2008 by Arizona State University professor Peter Crozier suggests that this nanoscale atmospheric aerosol species is abundant in the atmosphere over East Asian countries and should be explicitly included in models of radiative forcing (the gap between energy radiation reaching the Earth and that leaving through the upper atmosphere).

These indicators include greenhouse gas concentrations, temperature of the lower and upper atmosphere, cloud cover, sea surface temperature, sea - level rise, ocean salinity, sea ice extent and snow cover.

There was one WUWT thread which discussed the organic molecules plankton puts into the air, and how they can reach the upper atmosphere, and, (because they included elements ending in «ine,» such as Bromine, Fluorine, Chlorine, and Iodine,) alter the amount of Ozone, which in turn effected the types and powers of sunlight.

By the way, water is the only molecule in the upper atmosphere of significant quantity to radiate the balance of IR beyond the minor CO2 radiation plus the IR window radiation and as such is the primary earth cooling agent (including cloud reflection) and thus is a negative feedback to any actual changes in solar input energy.

PCIC's PRISM climatologies use observations of temperature and precipitation from thousands of stations in BC and integrate other sources of information, including digital elevation data, snow data, upper atmosphere climatologies, glacier inventories, and local and expert knowledge in order create a climatology of the province at a scale of 800 metres, for the period of 1971 — 2000.

The ten indicators of climate change include measurements of sea level rise taken from ships, the temperature of the upper atmosphere taken from weather balloons and field surveys of melting glaciers.

Radiative forcing is a multiplier that is added to the carbon emissions factor, that quantifies these additional effects; including the fact that emitting GHGs in the upper atmosphere has a greater heat - trapping effect than emitting GHGs at ground level.

Proposals include artificially brightening clouds, increasing the reflectivity of surface - level planetary features, or depositing reflective particles in the earth's upper atmosphere.

However, including other greenhouse gases and taking into account a «thermal shrinking» of the upper atmosphere result in a cooling of a few degrees per decade.

One effect is that TMT and TLT still include a large effect from upper atmosphere (and this is even based on theoretical models of how they * ought * to react), so they will both see some salami slice of cooler upper tropospheric radiance in their figures.

The spread of temperatures in the graph in the article are mostly between UAH which measure the upper atmosphere, and the others including NASA and hadcrut that measures the surface.

The atmosphere ECV breakout group was asked to consider 10 ECVs related to observations of the atmosphere: Earth radiation budget (including solar irradiance); aerosol properties; ozone; carbon dioxide, methane, and other greenhouse gases; cloud properties; precipitation; water vapor; surface wind speed and direction; upper - air wind; and upper - air temperature.

Because scientists around the world, including James Hansen, America's leading climatologist, have calculated that 350 parts per million is the safe upper limit for carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in the atmosphere.