Sentences with phrase «including attachments to mothers»

Not exact matches

«But Attachment Parenting International supports parents in all walks of life, including mothers who are unable to breastfeed, and I was able to learn how to meet my child's attachment needs through sensitive responsiveness beyond breastfeediAttachment Parenting International supports parents in all walks of life, including mothers who are unable to breastfeed, and I was able to learn how to meet my child's attachment needs through sensitive responsiveness beyond breastfeediattachment needs through sensitive responsiveness beyond breastfeeding.»

Where child conduct is an issue, fathers can be as effective change agents within families as mothers; delivering a parent education programme to both mother and father is more effective than delivering it to just one parent; and each individual parent's sensitivity towards their child (and their child's attachment to them) is enhanced when both parents are included in the intervention (O'Brien 2004).

Mothers who breastfeed have been found to report lower levels of perceived stress and negative mood, higher levels of maternal attachment, and tend to perceive their infants more positively than mothers who formula - feed.9, 19 - 21 There is evidence to suggest that breastfeeding mothers may also spend more time in emotional care and be more sensitive to infant emotional distress cues than bottle - feeding mothers.22, 23 Relatedly, a small fMRI study of 17 mothers in the first postpartum month, found that breastfeeding mothers showed greater activation in brain areas involved in empathy and bonding than formula - feeding mothers when listening to their own infant's cry.24 These brain areas included the superior frontal gyrus, insula, precuneus, striatum and amMothers who breastfeed have been found to report lower levels of perceived stress and negative mood, higher levels of maternal attachment, and tend to perceive their infants more positively than mothers who formula - feed.9, 19 - 21 There is evidence to suggest that breastfeeding mothers may also spend more time in emotional care and be more sensitive to infant emotional distress cues than bottle - feeding mothers.22, 23 Relatedly, a small fMRI study of 17 mothers in the first postpartum month, found that breastfeeding mothers showed greater activation in brain areas involved in empathy and bonding than formula - feeding mothers when listening to their own infant's cry.24 These brain areas included the superior frontal gyrus, insula, precuneus, striatum and ammothers who formula - feed.9, 19 - 21 There is evidence to suggest that breastfeeding mothers may also spend more time in emotional care and be more sensitive to infant emotional distress cues than bottle - feeding mothers.22, 23 Relatedly, a small fMRI study of 17 mothers in the first postpartum month, found that breastfeeding mothers showed greater activation in brain areas involved in empathy and bonding than formula - feeding mothers when listening to their own infant's cry.24 These brain areas included the superior frontal gyrus, insula, precuneus, striatum and ammothers may also spend more time in emotional care and be more sensitive to infant emotional distress cues than bottle - feeding mothers.22, 23 Relatedly, a small fMRI study of 17 mothers in the first postpartum month, found that breastfeeding mothers showed greater activation in brain areas involved in empathy and bonding than formula - feeding mothers when listening to their own infant's cry.24 These brain areas included the superior frontal gyrus, insula, precuneus, striatum and ammothers.22, 23 Relatedly, a small fMRI study of 17 mothers in the first postpartum month, found that breastfeeding mothers showed greater activation in brain areas involved in empathy and bonding than formula - feeding mothers when listening to their own infant's cry.24 These brain areas included the superior frontal gyrus, insula, precuneus, striatum and ammothers in the first postpartum month, found that breastfeeding mothers showed greater activation in brain areas involved in empathy and bonding than formula - feeding mothers when listening to their own infant's cry.24 These brain areas included the superior frontal gyrus, insula, precuneus, striatum and ammothers showed greater activation in brain areas involved in empathy and bonding than formula - feeding mothers when listening to their own infant's cry.24 These brain areas included the superior frontal gyrus, insula, precuneus, striatum and ammothers when listening to their own infant's cry.24 These brain areas included the superior frontal gyrus, insula, precuneus, striatum and amygdala.

The reasoning behind this proposition is that: A) EBHV programs are designed to serve women categorized as «at - risk» due to a variety of demographic factors, including single - parent household status, age at time of first pregnancy, being categorically undereducated, under or unemployed, and meeting federal standards of living at or below the poverty line; B) these programs serve women during pregnancy and / or shortly after the birth of their children, offering an excellent chance for the early prevention of trauma exposure; and C) intervention services are provided at the same times that attachment (whether secure or insecure) is being developed between mothers and children, providing the opportunity that generational risk may be mitigated.

The effect of the nurses and paraprofessionals on responsive mother - child interaction indicates that the program was operating as intended in helping parents provide more sensitive and responsive care for their children, which is thought to promote secure attachment and healthy emotional and behavioral development.49 The reductions in subsequent pregnancies and increases in interpregnancy intervals are particularly important as short interpregnancy intervals increase the risk of child maltreatment (including infant homicide among teen parents) 50 and compromise families» economic self - sufficiency.51

An increased risk of physical and emotional / behavioural problems has consistently been observed in the offspring of mothers suffering from depression in the perinatal period.9, 10 Probably, complex interactions between several pathways may explain this phenomenon, including biological mechanisms (eg, fetal exposure to maternal stress hormones), behavioural and emotional features (eg, poorer prenatal care and attachment style of depressed mothers) and genetic predisposition transmitted to the offspring.10 In addition to depression during pregnancy and postpartum, exposure to ADs is another major concern.

Followers emphasize that attachment parenting is not actually about rules, but rather about sustaining a special relationship, built by following specific tenets that includes baby - wearing, long - term breastfeeding, co-sleeping or sharing the parental bed with your child, and always responding to your baby's cry regardless of how tired the mother is.

Few studies have specifically addressed this issue.14, 15 A large scale randomized control trial (RCT) comparing CBT, counselling and psychoanalytic therapy with routine care found that, while all active treatments were moderately effective in treating depression and brought about short term benefits in the quality of the mother - infant relationship, there was limited evidence of benefit to infant outcome; and effects (including those on maternal mood) were not apparent at follow - up.16, 17 Similarly, a recent RCT found that, although interpersonal psychotherapy was effective in treating maternal depression, there was no benefit in terms of observed mother - infant interactions, infant negative emotionality, and infant attachment security.18

Since British psychiatrist John Bowlby first described how interactions between babies and their mothers appear to correlate with how the babies tend to behave, over the years the attachment perspective has influenced the work of many psychologists, including American psychologist Mary Ainsworth, who identified distinct attachment patterns.

Children with secure attachments demonstrated a strong attachment to the mother, while children with insecure attachments exhibited a variety of unusual and unhealthy reactions, including becoming angry with the mother upon her return.

This quiz, based on the Experiences in Close Relationships - Relationship Structures assessment developed by R. Chris Fraley at the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, is intended to help you explore and better understand your patterns of attachment in various close relationships (i.e. your attachment style, based on attachment theory), including your relationship with your spouse or romantic partner, as well as your relationships with your mother (or mother - figure) and father (or father - figure).

In today's society, this translates most urgently, at a policy level, into ensuring that families at developmental risk, including single mothers, are provided with the social and financial resources necessary to provide their children with a supportive social environment — the prerequisite of a healthy attachment relationship.

In a meta - analysis of 70 published studies (including 9,957 children and parents, and a core set of 51 randomized controlled trials with 6,282 mothers and children), Bakermans - Kranenburg, van IJzendoorn & Juffer8 demonstrated that the most effective attachment - based interventions to improve parent sensitivity (d = 0.33, p <.001) and promote secure infant - caregiver attachment (d = 0.20, p <.001) included the following characteristics: (1) a clear and exclusive focus on behavioural training for parent sensitivity rather than a focus on sensitivity plus support, or a focus on sensitivity plus support plus internal representations (e.g. individual therapy); (2) the use of video feedback; (3) fewer than five sessions (fewer than five sessions were as effective as five to 16 sessions, and 16 sessions or more were least effective); (4) a later start, i.e. after the infant is six months or older (rather than during pregnancy or before age six months); and (5) conducted by non-professionals.

Fact: Breastfeeding directly from the breast offers significant benefits over bottlefeeding expressed breastmilk for both mother and infant, including, among others: infant jaw development, infant control of milk flow, psychological attachment of infant to mother, health benefits for mother that pumping the breast does not achieve, infant's ability to feed on demand, the stimulation and maintenance of mother» smilk supply that pumping alone can not achieve (and some women can not successfully pump), avoidance of problems such as that some babies will not move back and forth easily between bottle and breast, nutritional variation of milk during the breastfeeding, that it's cheaper and avoids the need for a variety of feeding equipment, and that breastmilk from the breast is always fresh and free of contaminents.

Yet, the few studies that included a father character in story stems have focused on adoptive families (Barone and Lionetti 2011), single parent (Bernier and Miljkovitch 2009; Miljkovitch et al. 2012), and post-divorce families (Page and Bretherton 2001), while only one study concerned attachment representations to mother and father, respectively, in children living with two parents (Portu - Zapirain 2013).

Whilst the study of attachment was initially centred on the mother — child bond (Bowlby 1979), it was later developed to include the concept of multiple attachments, such as with the father, kin and day carers (Rutter et al. 2007; Santelices and Pérez 2013).

The MCAST was administered twice within a period of 3 months, using story stems including a mother character at one administration and a father character at the other administration and obtaining separate classifications of attachment to mother and father, respectively, replicating procedures used by Barone and Lionetti (2011).

The main results can be summarized as follows: (1) Synchrony during early mother - child interactions has neurophysiological correlates [85] as evidenced though the study of vagal tone [78], cortisol levels [80], and skin conductance [79]; (2) Synchrony impacts infant's cognitive processing [64], school adjustment [86], learning of word - object relations [87], naming of object wholes more than object parts [88]; and IQ [67], [89]; (3) Synchrony is correlated with and / or predicts better adaptation overall (e.g., the capacity for empathy in adolescence [89]; symbolic play and internal state speech [77]; the relation between mind - related comments and attachment security [90], [91]; and mutual initiation and mutual compliance [74], [92]-RRB-; (3) Lack of synchrony is related to at risk individuals and / or temperamental difficulties such as home observation in identifying problem dyads [93], as well as mother - reported internalizing behaviors [94]; (4) Synchrony has been observable within several behavioral or sensorial modalities: smile strength and eye constriction [52]; tonal and temporal analysis of vocal interactions [95](although, the association between vocal interactions and synchrony differs between immigrant (lower synchrony) and non-immigrant groups [84]-RRB-; mutual gaze [96]; and coordinated movements [37]; (5) Each partner (including the infant) appears to play a role in restoring synchrony during interactions: children have coping behaviors for repairing interactive mismatches [97]; and infants are able to communicate intent and to respond to the intent expressed by the mother at the age of 2 months [98].

One review (Moore et al., 2007) investigated skin - to - skin contact between mother and infant immediately post-partum and found it to be associated with a range of improved outcomes, including mother — infant interaction, attachment behaviours, infant behaviour and infant physical symptomatology in full - term and pre-term infants.