-- then we will certainly want to insist that coal plants with CCS
including biomass cofiring.
«Carbon stocks» refers to the amount of carbon stored in various compartments in the ecosystem,
including biomass above and below ground, in woody debris and litter, and in soil at a measurable depth.
Achieving negative emissions will involve what the analysis calls «the deployment of uncertain and at present controversial technologies,
including biomass energy with carbon capture and storage.»
«We have a range of large scale renewable energy projects planned to come on stream at a range of sites over the next couple of years
including biomass, PV, solar thermal & wind generation.
Further dissemination of state - of - the - art technologies to increase thermal energy efficiency and electric energy efficiency and the use of alternative fuels
including biomass as well as to reduce clinker content in cement is needed.
Most carbon life cycle analysis, using published computer simulations, show that the emissions given off by trying to contain fire actually exceed those from the fire itself given in order to influence fire behavior fossil fuels are used to drive logging trucks, operate machinery, air tankers, and transport wood products,
including biomass to fuels.
«During Scott Pruitt's time in the Oklahoma legislature, he supported the development of alternative energy sources,
including biomass,» said Bob Cleaves, president and CEO of the Biomass Power Association.
Interest in biofuels — fuel derived from living organisms
including biomass or their metabolic byproducts, such as manure from cows — grew throughout the end of the twentieth century as these are renewable energy sources, unlike other natural resources such as petroleum, coal, and nuclear fuels.
A chemical engineer by training, his expertise
includes biomass pretreatment, enzyme engineering, biofuel cells, nanomaterials, microfluidics, desalination and silica biomineralization.
Energy efficiency features
include a biomass boiler for heating, PV arrays on the roofs of the teaching blocks and sports building, and sustainable drainage.
One pathway is called the short cycle and
it includes both biomass and labile carbon decomposing in the soil.
The report
includes all biomass and waste - to - energy, geothermal, and wind generation projects of more than 1MW; all hydropower projects of between 1MW and 50MW; all wave and tidal energy projects; all biofuel projects with a capacity of one million liters or more per year; and all solar projects, with those less than 1MW estimated separately and referred to as small - scale projects, or small distributed capacity.
However, NREL's 80 - percent - by - 2050 renewable energy study, which
included biomass and geothermal, found that total water consumption and withdrawal would decrease significantly in a future with high renewables [7].
Renewable energy resources
include biomass, hydro, geothermal, solar, wind, ocean thermal, wave action, and tidal action.
The measure provides that renewable energy
includes any biomass energy capacity, efficient or otherwise, in operation prior to January 1, 2016, and that on and after that date renewable energy may include the proportion of the thermal or electric energy from a facility that results from the co-firing of efficient biomass on or after January 1, 2016.
Renewable energy, which
includes biomass, wind, solar, hydropower, geothermal, and hydrogen derived from renewable sources can mitigate South Carolina's dependence on imported energy and help meet state air quality goals.
Not exact matches
These new activities for Veolia
include the likes of plastics and chemicals recycling, toxic waste handling, the management of water for aquaculture, the production of energy from waste or
biomass and the capture of methane.
Additionally, at least 10 of the states with shared renewables legislation
include provisions to allow for additional renewable energy technologies, such as wind,
biomass or geothermal, in programs.
Previous investments
include ethanol and biodiesel production facilities,
biomass power facilities, and industrial cogeneration projects.
Biomass is a term that covers different types of organic material that can be processed and burned to produce energy, according to the Environmental Protection Agency, and can
include materials like wood chips, agricultural crops, and sewage.
These
include James Taylor's Taylor
Biomass in Orange County, which received a one - million - dollar contract from Governor Cuomo in 2013.
«We are diversifying sources of power which
includes use of solar and
biomass» he noted.
Other trips
included multi-day visits to Antigua, one funded by a trade union and another by a regional forum; visits to Rio de Janeiro for conferences; trips to Dubai sponsored by conference organisers; visits to Saudi Arabia and the UAE covered by the respective governments of each country; and a visit to Florida to speak on
biomass power generation.
«Farm operation» means the land and on - farm buildings, equipment, manure processing and handling facilities, and practices which contribute to the production, preparation and marketing of crops, livestock and livestock products as a commercial enterprise,
including a «commercial horse boarding operation» as defined in subdivision thirteen of this section, a «timber operation» as defined in subdivision fourteen of this section, «compost, mulch or other
biomass crops» as defined in subdivision sixteen of this section and «commercial equine operation» as defined by subdivision seventeen of this section.
Bio-jet fuel can be produced from various plant materials,
including oil crops, sugar crops, starchy plants and lignocellulosic
biomass, through various chemical and biological routes.
The SusWEF Center, funded through the NSF EPSCoR program, focuses on research towards the sustainable use of chemical catalysis for water treatment and for the conversion of
biomass to simple chemicals —
including for crop production.
Those resources
include 851 MW of wind power and 112 MW of
biomass power.
A program managed by Kersten's staff that
includes academic participation is the
Biomass Research and Development Initiative.
Other agricultural production goods
include timber, fertilizers, animal hides, leather, industrial chemicals (starch, sugar, alcohols and resins), fibers (cotton, wool, hemp, silk and flax), fuels (methane from
biomass, ethanol, biodiesel), cut flowers, ornamental and nursery plants, tropical fish and birds for the pet trade, and both legal and illegal drugs (biopharmaceuticals, tobacco, marijuana, opium, cocaine).
Lead researcher Prof Carlos Peres, from UEA's School of Environmental Sciences, said: «Amazonian forests provide globally important ecosystem services,
including carbon storage in the forest
biomass.
In May, a group of Kenyan forestry experts,
including the conservation secretary of the country's Environment Ministry, warned that the mathenge tree could be at risk of extinction if the cogeneration plant's need for local
biomass leads to overharvesting of the trees.
Many materials can sustain a smouldering reaction,
including coal, tobacco, wood,
biomass fuels on the forest surface (duff) and subsurface (peat), cotton clothing and string, and polymeric foams (e.g. upholstery and bedding materials).
The authors hope that future estimates of carbon storage and water - use by tropical forests will
include information on root
biomass and architecture.
Based on measurements of 45,000 individual plants from 3,680 species, and using high - tech statistical mapping protocols, the team created global maps of plant traits
including leaf nitrogen concentration, leaf phosphorus concentration, and specific leaf area (a measure of area displayed to intercept light per unit investment in leaf
biomass).
The novel chemistry
included a three - step process starting from
biomass - derived sugars.
Without their crucial landscaping services,
including grazing on plants and leaf litter,
biomass builds up on the forest floor and frequently causes wildfires.
A massive fiscal 2018 federal spending bill unveiled by congressional leaders Wednesday night
includes a provision urging the heads of EPA, the Energy Department and the Agriculture Department to adopt policies that «reflect the carbon - neutrality of forest bioenergy and recognize
biomass as a renewable energy source.»
The authors
included specific examples — sugar cane, the grass Miscanthus, fast - growing tree species and
biomass residues — in order to provided clarity.
Starbons, made from waste
biomass including food peelings and seaweed, were discovered and first reported 10 years ago by the York Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence.
Other pollution sources,
including the power sector, industry,
biomass burning, and vehicle traffic, each made smaller contributions to the death total, the study concluded.
Analysis to date
includes photovoltaics (PV), wind, geothermal,
biomass and hydropower resources.
«Recent studies show that Chile has an estimated potential of more than 1.8 million MW in NCRE projects,
including solar technology PV [photovoltaics], CSP [concentrated solar power], wind, mini-hydro, biogas /
biomass, geothermal and marine,» said Carlos Finat, executive director at ACERA.
Viral infections simultaneously reduce the amount of nutrients and materials available to larger organisms by killing microbial cells, but also stimulate microbial activity through the release of organic matter and nutrients, which provides increased
biomass available for larger organisms
including fish.»
According to her, the research
included four of the five functionally distinct carbon pools whose study is recommended by the United Nations (UN) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC): aboveground
biomass (live plants), dead organic matter, leaf litter (layer that contains a combination of fragments of leaves, branches and other decomposing organic matter) and soil (up to 30 centimeters (cm) in depth).
The team analysed evidence such as land use, land suitability and agricultural
biomass data to create a robust model that compares different scenarios for 2050,
including scenarios based on maintaining current trends.
These
include increased cold tolerance and more efficient photosynthesis, which leads to greater
biomass production and even more oil.
The bill also
includes a controversial directive instructing EPA, together with the energy and agriculture departments, to «establish clear policies that reflect the carbon neutrality of
biomass.»
In addition to its application as a food oil, palm oil and
biomass from the oil palm has applicability as a biofuel, and biodiesel
including palm oil methyl ester is in use across the globe.
Accordingly, it is possible that in the future, U.S. EPA or individual states may seek (or be required) to regulate carbon dioxide or other GHG emissions from
biomass - fired power plants,
including requiring such plants to retroactively obtain permits or install pollution control technology.
The researchers do not recommend that inexperience people burn
biomass, as this contributes to air pollution and can trigger tragic blazes,
including wildfires.