Sentences with phrase «including cell growth»

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These risks and uncertainties include: Gilead's ability to achieve its anticipated full year 2018 financial results; Gilead's ability to sustain growth in revenues for its antiviral and other programs; the risk that private and public payers may be reluctant to provide, or continue to provide, coverage or reimbursement for new products, including Vosevi, Yescarta, Epclusa, Harvoni, Genvoya, Odefsey, Descovy, Biktarvy and Vemlidy ®; austerity measures in European countries that may increase the amount of discount required on Gilead's products; an increase in discounts, chargebacks and rebates due to ongoing contracts and future negotiations with commercial and government payers; a larger than anticipated shift in payer mix to more highly discounted payer segments and geographic regions and decreases in treatment duration; availability of funding for state AIDS Drug Assistance Programs (ADAPs); continued fluctuations in ADAP purchases driven by federal and state grant cycles which may not mirror patient demand and may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; market share and price erosion caused by the introduction of generic versions of Viread and Truvada, an uncertain global macroeconomic environment; and potential amendments to the Affordable Care Act or other government action that could have the effect of lowering prices or reducing the number of insured patients; the possibility of unfavorable results from clinical trials involving investigational compounds; Gilead's ability to initiate clinical trials in its currently anticipated timeframes; the levels of inventory held by wholesalers and retailers which may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; Kite's ability to develop and commercialize cell therapies utilizing the zinc finger nuclease technology platform and realize the benefits of the Sangamo partnership; Gilead's ability to submit new drug applications for new product candidates in the timelines currently anticipated; Gilead's ability to receive regulatory approvals in a timely manner or at all, for new and current products, including Biktarvy; Gilead's ability to successfully commercialize its products, including Biktarvy; the risk that physicians and patients may not see advantages of these products over other therapies and may therefore be reluctant to prescribe the products; Gilead's ability to successfully develop its hematology / oncology and inflammation / respiratory programs; safety and efficacy data from clinical studies may not warrant further development of Gilead's product candidates, including GS - 9620 and Yescarta in combination with Pfizer's utomilumab; Gilead's ability to pay dividends or complete its share repurchase program due to changes in its stock price, corporate or other market conditions; fluctuations in the foreign exchange rate of the U.S. dollar that may cause an unfavorable foreign currency exchange impact on Gilead's future revenues and pre-tax earnings; and other risks identified from time to time in Gilead's reports filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC).

The team confirmed that genetic «knockdown» of PRMT1 significantly impaired PDAC cell growth in vitro through use of genetic editing tools, including CRISPR and small hairpin RNA (shRNA).

Baylin says certain genes that control cell growth get turned down periodically during certain stages of life, including embryogenesis, when organisms are growing and developing rapidly.

The most common mutations, occurring in five of the women, occurred in genes including ARID1A, PIK3CA, KRAS and PPP2R1A, all known for controlling cell growth, cell invasion and DNA damage repair.

Small populations of adult stem cells with somewhat limited developmental potential are responsible for the body's ability to heal injuries and replace worn out cells and tissues, and evidence is growing that rare cancer stem cells are responsible for the uncontrolled growth of some malignant tumors, including glioblastoma.

IL - 15 is a growth factor for certain kinds of white blood cells including natural killer cells and T cells.

The Campàs lab is studying several of these questions, including how limbs are built and how mechanical changes in tumors affect the behavior of malignant cells and the growth of the tumor.

By providing a woman's family history of these cancers, including the ages they were diagnosed, the programs calculate a probability that the patient carries a harmful mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2 (genes involved in controlling malignant cell growth).

Others include transplanting so - called Schwann cells from peripheral nerves, using growth factors to stimulate nerve growth, and boosting the immune system in the damaged area (New Scientist magazine, 14 August 1999, p 36).

Cyclin D is synthesized during the first stage of cell replication and is believed to help drive the complex, multi-stage process, including interaction with the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein, whose function is to prevent excessive cell growth by inhibiting cell cycle progression until a cell is ready to divide.

genes, the team has shown that B. theta helps guide the normal development and functioning of the intestines — including the growth of blood vessels, the proper turnover of epithelial cells, and the marshaling of components of the immune system needed to keep less well behaved bacteria at bay.

Auxin controls a range of responses in plants, including cell and tissue growth and normal development.

The device continuously monitors conditions within the microfluidic chip, including oxygen levels, temperature, and pH, to ensure the optimum environment for cell growth.

«This includes the cell division, cell growth and the differentiation into various cell types, such as shoots, leaves or fruit.

In addition to its known roles in cancerous cells, STAT3 also is an essential mediator of cytokine and growth factor signals in normal cells that are important for diverse processes including immunity and inflammation.

This protein is important to milk production, bone growth, and cell division in all animals, including humans.

A new study just published in the journal Glia and available online on July 11th, details the newly discovered mechanism by which astrocytes are involved in inhibitory synapse formation and presents strong evidence that Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGF β1), a protein produced by many cell types (including astrocytes) is a key player in this process.

Cranberries also contain a number of compounds that benefit human health — including some that have been shown to inhibit the growth of tumor cells — and sequencing work may reveal more about them.

On the safety side, the panelists delved into the possible risks of injecting genetically modified cells into patients, including the potential for deadly viral infections, brain toxicity, and, paradoxically, the growth of new tumors brought about by CAR - T cells years after treatment.

«Never before has PTK6 inhibition been shown to inhibit growth and induce cell death of ER + breast cancer cells, including those resistant to standard treatments for this subtype such as tamoxifen,» said Hanna Irie, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Medicine (Hematology and Medical Oncology) and Oncological Sciences at The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, and senior author of the study.

Rao's team used various approaches, including assays of telomerase activity, measurement of cell growth, and gene expression profiling of TSY - 1 treated cells, to determine how it acts.

Previous research has described at least some of the fundamental processes involved in healthy, on - going peripheral nerve growth regeneration, including the critical role of mitochondria — cellular organelles that produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy - carrying molecule found in all cells that is vital to driving nerve recovery after injury.

Several drugs, some used clinically today, have been found to be effective in regulating the growth of neural stem cells, including cancer cells

A third class transfers the SNOs to additional proteins that control numerous additional cellular functions, including growth, movement and metabolism, and also protect cells from injury.

The goal of this type of therapy is to block the male hormones, including testosterone, from stimulating the growth of the prostate cancer cells.

The researchers, including scientists from pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca, report in an advanced online publication in Nature Medicine on May 4, that their findings indicate «an underappreciated genomic heterogeneity» in mechanisms of resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) drugs that target the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) mutation that drive some cases of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

The differentiation of stem cells is largely controlled by external cues, including morphogenic growth factors, in the three - dimensional environment that surrounds the cells.

These include strengthening our biochemical resistance to stress and promoting the growth of new brain cells.

In vitro studies on self - inactivating vectors, including a recent paper by this group comparing the growth of cells treated with their new vector and the old one, are boosting confidence.

«We can use this cell - growth test to select for a lot of things — including the discovery of antibodies with potential medical uses — but Dr. Lerner and I wanted a more direct and generally applicable way of selecting for antibody function,» Zhang said.

These include: acid hydrolysis and monosaccharide composition using gas - liquid chromatography [3], microscopic observation of xylem stem sections [4, 5], seedling growth on medium containing cell wall hydrolyzing enzymes [6] and Fourier - Transform Infrared (FT - IR) microspectroscopy [7, 8].

These include, for example, the mechanisms behind stem - cell development and what happens when normal cellular growth spirals out of control, such as in cancer.

Other factors will also impact the evolution of adhesion phenotypes, including the relative advantage of highly - adhesive cells against less - adhesive cells in direct competition [54], and the trade - off between competitive surface adhesion and the ability to disperse to new habitats for later growth [38, 40, 83].

GPCRs and their downstream signaling are involved in cancer growth and development by controlling many features of tumorigenesis, including immune cell - mediated functions, proliferation, invasion and survival at the secondary site.

Asterias maintains an extensive global intellectual property portfolio including broad issued claims to fundamental platform technologies including, but not limited to, scalable growth of pluripotent stem cells, methods of production and compositions of matter for several hESC - derived therapeutic cell types, and cellular immunotherapy using the telomerase antigen.

These include the Ras cell - growth proteins, mutated versions of which are among the most common and relentless drivers of several kinds of cancer.

These processes included dust deposition, and ocean acidification and warming, which were shown to have a significant impact on oceanic phytoplankton growth, cell size and primary productivity, biological N2 fixation, phytoplankton distribution and community composition.

Through its various targets, MMP1 promotes not only tumor invasion but also breast cancer colonization to bone by mechanisms that include the release of membrane - bound EGF - like growth factors from tumor cells, leading to activation of EGF receptor signaling and suppression of OPG expression in osteoblasts, which in turn promotes the differentiation and activation of osteoclasts required for bone destruction and enhanced tumor growth in the bone microenvironment (32).

Independent of MMP activity, TIMP - 1 can promote growth and inhibit apoptosis through various pathways, including P13K and PKA [9] and, furthermore, TIMP - 1 is able to provide β cell - specific pro-survival effects [5, 6, 10].

These factors include chemokine (C - X-C motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12), a chemokine produced by bone marrow mesenchymal cells that functions as a chemoattractant and survival factor for cells bearing the chemokine (C - X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4), and insulin - like growth factor 1 (IGF - 1), a factor that is stored in the bone matrix and released during osteolysis (28).

Preparation and distribution of 19 reference antigens for several diseases including malaria, HIV and tuberculosis, and the establishment of five new cell banks to improve the growth of adenoviral vectors.

Evidence demonstrating its cytostatic activity includes the finding that it inhibits the growth of a broad spectrum of human tumor cell lines in vitro.

His research interests include the biology of papillomaviruses and the regulation of normal and neoplastic cell growth.

Areas of research include biochemical and cellular mechanisms, muscle contractility and cell motility, the genetic control of cell growth and differentiation, and tissue damage and regeneration.

The current findings could provide important clues to determine the culture conditions for promoting the differentiation of primate ES cells into mature gametes, and to understand molecular mechanisms of primate gametogenesis including the timing of germ cell induction, the regulation of germ cell gene expression, and the response to growth factors for germ cell differentiation.

ES cell generation will include the isolation of the inner cell mass and subsequent growth of ES cells from blastocysts obtained from five to ten superovulated females.

Important features of XMRV biology include (1) tropism for a variety of cell lines, including prostate cancer DU145 and LNCaP cells [27], [43], [48], and human neural cell types [57], (2) adaptations that promote growth in prostate epithelium and human - derived prostate cancer cell lines including an androgen response element in the promoter region [58] and downregulation of APOBEC3G [59], and (3) cellular effects with potential oncogenic properties including increased tumor aggressiveness mediated by downregulation of p27 [60] and differential regulation of several microRNAs [61].

We showed that WDR47 shares functional characteristics with LIS1 and participates in key microtubule - mediated processes, including neural stem cell proliferation, radial migration, and growth cone dynamics.

Specifically, the team hypothesizes that microRNA miR - 24 is a key regulator of actin cytoskeleton dynamics (i.e. the inner structural support of a cell); therefore, it plays a critical role in regulating multiple disease processes, including the angiogenesis (blood vessel growth), inflammation, and fibrosis (thickening and scarring of tissue) associated with choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in wet AMD.

This includes identifying pancreatic cancer stem cells, the small number of cells within a tumor that fuel its growth and spread.