Sentences with phrase «including eukaryotes»

Not exact matches

The advent of the nucleus — which differentiates eukaryotes (organisms whose cells contain a true nucleus), including humans, from prokaryotes, such as bacteria — can not be satisfactorily explained solely by the gradual adaptation of prokaryotic cells until they became eukaryotic.

The resulting mergers yielded the compound cells known as eukaryotes, which in turn gave rise to all the rest — the protoctists, fungi, plants, and animals, including humans.

The phylogenetic mosaic of chlamydial genes, including a large number of genes with phylogenetic origins from eukaryotes, implies a complex evolution for adaptation to obligate intracellular parasitism.

They found that the proteins of prokaryotes (the group of organisms that includes bacteria and blue - green algae) tended to have sequences of about 150 amino acids, or a multiple of that number, while the proteins of the eukaryotes (which account for all other organisms) had amino acid sequences in multiples of around 125.

Meiosis is essential for sexual reproduction and therefore occurs in all eukaryotes (including single - celled organisms) that reproduce sexually.

Though little is known about Loki, scientists hope that it will help to resolve one of biology's biggest mysteries: how life transformed from simple single - celled organisms to the menagerie of complex life known as eukaryotes — a category that includes everything from yeast to azaleas to elephants.

Loki has a number of genes typically found in eukaryotes, including genes linked to the dynamic, shape - shifting cytoskeleton.

Their emergence more than one billion years ago was a foundational event in the development of eukaryotes, which include plants, animals, protists and fungi.

From one collection of mutations of protein coding genes, they identified the nuclear components Mlp1 and Mlp2 of the macrocomplex that form the nuclear pores, preserved in all the eukaryotes, including the human ones.

«This result is another example demonstrating the importance of microbes in biology of eukaryotes, including mediation of animal behavior,» Zurek said.

Still, the role of other shape - keeping genes was up in the air, including two known as mreB and mbl, which resemble the actin gene in eukaryotes.

«We found that Asgard archaea share many genes uniquely with eukaryotes, including several genes that are involved in the formation of structures that give eukaryotic cells their complex character.

Also identified were other unicellular eukaryotes (i.e., amoebas, alveolates, and Rhizaria), fungi (including some known decomposers), sponges, and mollusks.

Ever since the sequencing of the first genomes from eukaryotes — a group that includes yeast and humans — scientists have wondered why most of these creatures» DNA is devoid of genes.

Researchers identify the closest living relative of eukaryotes, the group that includes humans

Eukaryotes include plants and animals and have more complex cells with a nucleus and other organelles enclosed in a membrane.

The Archaea and eukaryotes, which includes humans, makes up another third.

Some microbes merged with hydrogen - producing microbes (probably multi-functional ancestral mitochondria) to become eukaryotes that later developed into multi-cellular «animals» that survive and breed in anoxic conditions, without oxygen (phylum Loricifera, which includes Spinoloricus at left — more).

Contribution to the understanding of how the evolution of gene families relates to functional divergence, including the fate of duplicated genes, horizontal transfer and interspecies hybridization, as well as the characterization of the ancestral patterns of evolution among archosaurs, and the discovery of the late acquisition of mitochondria in eukaryotes (Gabaldón's group, Science 2014, PLoS Biology 2015, PLoS Genetics 2015, Nature 2016).

The practical brightness takes all application specific parameters into account, including the specs of your microscope (excitation wavelength, available emission filters, and detector sensitivity) and the biological system (temperature, prokaryote versus eukaryote, background fluorescence).

Eukaryote cells include a variety of membrane - bound structures.

Excitingly, the Asgard genome assemblies also encode homologues of some of the key components of the membrane trafficking machinery in eukaryotes, including regulatory small GTPases and longin domains.

All types of biodiversity (viruses, bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes) were included within the call.

All species of large complex organisms are eukaryotes, including animals, plants and fungi, although most species of eukaryote are protist microorganisms.

Until recently, the proteins that make up the eukaryotic cytoskeleton, which include actin, microtubules, ESCRTIII, Septins and coatamers, were thought to be unique to eukaryotes.

Though newly discovered Asgard group are not eukaryotes, they share some important similarities — including genes that were thought to exist only in complex cells.

Asgard is a group of microbes, described for the first time in the journal Nature this week, that may well include the organism that gave rise to all complex life — from the tiniest eukaryotes to the tallest redwoods, the dinosaurs and us.

The Orr - Weaver lab isolated a protein that provides the crucial switch to initiate DNA replication in eukaryotes, including humans.

Boule homologs are also absent in other single - cell eukaryotes and in plants, including Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Dictyostelium discoideum and Arabidopsis thaliana.

These include: 1) finding and describing new fossils in Precambrian strata, 2) using analytical tools to examine those fossils in order to determine taxonomic affinity, taphonomy, functional morphology, and paleoecology, 3) using modern analogs to determine phylogenetic relationships and physiology of early eukaryotes and animals, and 4) combining multiple sources of data to create a timeline of biotic and abiotic events in the Precambrian.

Previously, InParanoid was based on eukaryotes only, but in the new release a number of prokaryotes are included thanks to the Quest for Orthologs Reference Proteomes.