Sentences with phrase «including ocean cycles»

The petition reads in part: «Studies of a variety of natural processes, including ocean cycles and solar variability, indicate that they can account for variations in the Earth's climate on the time scale of decades and centuries.

Not exact matches

There are more, however, including the amount of sunlight an ice sheet is able to reflect; the larger an ice sheet, the more sunlight is reflected, but the smaller an ice sheet, the more ocean there is surrounding the ice sheet to absorb the sunlight which in turn heats up the surrounding waters increasing the melt which decreases the size of the ice sheet which in turn... and so goes the cycle.

It includes the ecological cycles that maintain the composition of the atmosphere and the oceans and those that are responsible for the degradation of wastes.

When ocean cycle shifts, globe is likely to warm up When climate models were run that included the stronger winds, they were able to reproduce the slowdown in surface temperatures.

The others include: climate change, biodiversity loss, nutrient cycles, ocean acidification and freshwater use, among others.

In a new study recently published in the journal Global Biogeochemical Cycles, scientists of Kiel University (CAU) with colleagues from GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel and international partners from the USA, New Zealand, and Great Britain studied marine benthic shell - forming organisms around the world in relation to the chemical conditions they currently experience — with a surprising result: 24 percent, almost a quarter of the analyzed species, including sea urchins, sea stars, coralline algae or snails, already live in seawater unfavorable to the maintenance of their calcareous skeletons and shells (a condition referred to as CaCO3 - undersaturation).

«(C) the carbon cycle, including impacts related to the thawing of permafrost, the frequency and intensity of wildfire, and terrestrial and ocean carbon sinks;

Natural factors contributing to past climate change are well documented and include changes in atmospheric chemistry, ocean circulation patterns, solar radiation intensity, snow and ice cover, Earth's orbital cycle around the sun, continental position, and volcanic eruptions.

The consensus is that several factors are important: atmospheric composition (the concentrations of carbon dioxide, methane); changes in the Earth's orbit around the Sun known as Milankovitch cycles (and possibly the Sun's orbit around the galaxy); the motion of tectonic plates resulting in changes in the relative location and amount of continental and oceanic crust on the Earth's surface, which could affect wind and ocean currents; variations in solar output; the orbital dynamics of the Earth - Moon system; and the impact of relatively large meteorites, and volcanism including eruptions of supervolcanoes.

The words included in the vocabulary booklets are: condensation, evaporation, freshwater, lake, natural resource, ocean, precipitation, saltwater, stream, system, water, and water cycle.

includes features of the ocean, the carbon cycle, the water cycle, how we use the ocean and how we harm it.

Facilities include full kitchen and laundry facilties, Balinese decor, balcony, reverse cycle air conditioning and ocean views.

This adventure resort offers daily guided expeditions and treks in the ocean, on the beach, around the town, and deep into the tropical jungle, letting guests learn about and explore the island while cycling, snorkeling, horseback riding, kayaking, hiking and driving dune - buggies - all included in the room rate.

Original celebrity interviews include TV presenter and explorer Simon Reeve, who describes his recent adventures around the Indian Ocean for the BBC; renowned fashion designer Dato Professor Jimmy Choo, OBE, who talks about growing up in Malaysia and the best places to eat and shop; and TV presenter, Fern Britton, who is saddling up for a charity cycle ride through Sri Lanka.

Features include: · 3 bedrooms upstairs (2 with Queen beds & 1 with 2 double bunks); · 2 bedrooms downstairs (1 with Queen bed and 1 with 2 single beds and trundle); · Linen included for all beds; · Open plan living with ocean views; · Bathrooms - Upstairs main (with bath) and ensuite plus a bathroom downstairs; · Microwave, dishwasher; · Stainless Steel appliances oven and gas cook top; · Reverse cycle air conditioning; · TV with DVD and CD player upstairs, TV with video downstairs; · Telephone for incoming and local calls; · Washing machine and dryer; · Gas barbecue on enormous balcony;

· Newly opened resort · Serviced hotel rooms, 1 and 2 bedroom suites, many with ocean views · 1 and 2 bedroom suites include a fully equipped kitchen: dishwasher, stovetop / oven, microwave, refrigerator, toaster, coffee / tea making facilities, cookware, tableware · Conference facilities accommodate up to 300 in theatre seating · Private boardroom accommodates 15 persons · Lagoon swimming pool · Barbecue grills, walking and cycling paths · Salt Village Centre opening in September 2005 with shops, restaurants, and the Golden Door Spa.

With a social media following of 50K +, their main areas of focus include river and ocean cruising, sailing and boating, luxury beach resorts, gourmet dining, cooking trips, wine, beer and spirit experiences, cycling and soft - adventures in the great outdoors.

Proposed explanations for the discrepancy include ocean — atmosphere coupling that is too weak in models, insufficient energy cascades from smaller to larger spatial and temporal scales, or that global climate models do not consider slow climate feedbacks related to the carbon cycle or interactions between ice sheets and climate.

The periods considered were mainly the Pleistocene ice age cycles, the LGM and the Pliocene, but Paul Valdes provided some interesting modeling that also included the Oligocene, the Turonian, the Maastrichtian and Eocene, indicating the importance of the base continental configuration, ice sheet position, and ocean circulation for sensitivity.

I wonder, given the recent news about the various ways plankton actively affect the oceans, including churning the upper 100 meters, if any of the cycles could reflect big changes in which species predominate over time.

Other fossil - fuel replacements occasionally touted in print or on the Web include nuclear fission, subcritical thorium fission, high - altitude wind power, enhanced geothermal, hot dry (or hot fractured) rock geothermal, wave power, tidal power, open - cycle ocean thermal energy conversion, and advanced biorefinery products like 2,5 - dimethylfuran, various other furans and furfurals.

The model may be right over the full 131 year period, but in this case doesn't reflect natural cycles including El Nino and longer cycles (as is the case for ocean warming, where models — significantly — don't reflect any cycle with a length between 10 - 100 years).

These include shellfish, snails, starfish, sea urchins and some sea worms that play an important part in cycling minerals in the ocean mud.

Examples of less certain science include understanding the effects of climate change on extreme weather in different regions, the role the deep ocean plays in the climate cycle and the rate at which sea level will rise over the next century.

By comparing modelled and observed changes in such indices, which include the global mean surface temperature, the land - ocean temperature contrast, the temperature contrast between the NH and SH, the mean magnitude of the annual cycle in temperature over land and the mean meridional temperature gradient in the NH mid-latitudes, Braganza et al. (2004) estimate that anthropogenic forcing accounts for almost all of the warming observed between 1946 and 1995 whereas warming between 1896 and 1945 is explained by a combination of anthropogenic and natural forcing and internal variability.

Limited validations for the results include comparisons of 1) the PERSIANN - derived diurnal cycle of rainfall at Rondonia, Brazil, with that derived from the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Oceanï ¿ 1/2 Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE) radar data; 2) the PERSIANN diurnal cycle of rainfall over the western Pacific Ocean with that derived from the data of the optical rain gauges mounted on the TOGA - moored buoys; and 3) the monthly accumulations of rainfall samples from the orbital TMI and PR surface rainfall with the accumulations of concurrent PERSIANN estimates.

Yet, we explained there is also reasonable basis for concern that a warming world may at least temporarily increase tornado damage including the fact that oceans are now warmer, and regional ocean circulation cycles such as La Nina / El Nino patterns in the Pacific which affect upper atmospheric conditions appear to becoming more chaotic under the influence of climate change.

Likely impacts include large - scale disintegration of the Greenland and West Antarctic ice - sheet; the extinction of an estimated 15 — 40 per cent of plant and animal species; dangerous ocean acidification; increasing methane release; substantial soil and ocean carbon - cycle feedbacks; and widespread drought and desertification in Africa, Australia, Mediterranean Europe, and the western USA.

Recalling the concern reflected in the outcome document of the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, entitled «The future we want», 1 that the health of oceans and marine biodiversity are negatively affected by marine pollution, including marine debris, especially plastic, persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals and nitrogen - based compounds, from numerous marine and land - based sources, and the commitment to take action to significantly reduce the incidence and impacts of such pollution on marine ecosystems, Noting the international action being taken to promote the sound management of chemicals throughout their life cycle and waste in ways that lead to the prevention and minimization of significant adverse effects on human health and the environment, Recalling the Manila Declaration on Furthering the Implementation of the Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land - based Activities adopted by the Third Intergovernmental Review Meeting on the Implementation of the Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land - based Activities, which highlighted the relevance of the Honolulu Strategy and the Honolulu Commitment and recommended the establishment of a global partnership on marine litter, Taking note of the decisions adopted by the eleventh Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity on addressing the impacts of marine debris on marine and coastal biodiversity, Recalling that the General Assembly declared 2014 the International Year of Small Island Developing States and that such States have identified waste management among their priorities for action, Noting with concern the serious impact which marine litter, including plastics stemming from land and sea - based sources, can have on the marine environment, marine ecosystem services, marine natural resources, fisheries, tourism and the economy, as well as the potential risks to human health; 1.

After reading «Landscapes and Cycles: an Environmentalist's Journey to Climate Skepticism», I am convinced that Jim Steele's view of climate change caused by multiple factors, including naturally occurring cycles between warmth and cold in the world's oceans and changes in land use on a local scale, are a much more realistic explanation than the prevailing hypotCycles: an Environmentalist's Journey to Climate Skepticism», I am convinced that Jim Steele's view of climate change caused by multiple factors, including naturally occurring cycles between warmth and cold in the world's oceans and changes in land use on a local scale, are a much more realistic explanation than the prevailing hypotcycles between warmth and cold in the world's oceans and changes in land use on a local scale, are a much more realistic explanation than the prevailing hypothesis.

Personally I think that recent research (including several studies discussed in the above post, published after the IPCC AR5 cutoff date) make a strong case that internal variability (ocean cycles) are responsible for more of the slowdown in surface warming than changes in external forcings, but there's not a consensus about that yet.

«(C) the carbon cycle, including impacts related to the thawing of permafrost, the frequency and intensity of wildfire, and terrestrial and ocean carbon sinks;

That includes triple points of La Nina, volcano - influences, peak soot - influences and the lowest points in ocean cycles.

This includes maintaining the Argo array, continuing salinity satellite missions, and, especially, expanding satellite constellations to observe the entire global hydrological cycle, including processes over the ocean, in the cryosphere, on land, and in the atmosphere.

Natural variations in climate include the effects of cycles such as El Niño, La Niña and other ocean cycles; the 11 - year sunspot cycle and other changes in energy from the sun; and the effects of volcanic eruptions.

But the «big climate picture» includes ocean feedbacks on all time scales, carbon and other elemental cycles, etc. and it has to be several decades before that is sorted out I would think.

If you included Polar Ice Cycles in your climate models and included more snowfall when polar oceans are thawed and included less snowfall when polar oceans are frozen, the models would work much better.

I was thinking about how to include what little we do know about atmospheric and ocean cycles into the models.

If and when you can provide data or references to document your claims, or if you were to point me to those data or references — data and references that would help illustrate and document my posts, (which are about the multiyear aftereffects of ENSO events on global SST and TLT anomalies, and about the discharge / recharge aspects of ENSO, and about the impacts of ENSO, NAO, NPI, AMO on OHC, not the PDO, not what initiates ENSO events, not millennial ocean cycles, etc.)-- I would be happy to include it.

Ocean cycles are not included here because they are a response to a forcing, and not a forcing themselves.

Although there is very little trend in the OHC in the subpolar North Atlantic where the salinity induced vacillation cycle dominates, there is a linear OHC trend equatorward of 45 ° N and ° S in the Atlantic basin (including the Southern Ocean)(fig.

Possible explanations advanced for the slowdown include the effect of small volcanic eruptions, the absorption of extra heat by the oceanic depths and the juxtaposition of two natural ocean cycles.

Consider the facts: the climate system is indicated to have left the natural cycle path; multiple lines of evidence and studies from different fields all point to the human fingerprint on current climate change; the convergence of these evidence lines include ice mass loss, pattern changes, ocean acidification, plant and species migration, isotopic signature of CO2, changes in atmospheric composition, and many others.

Key uncertainties include aspects of the roles played by clouds, the cryosphere, the oceans, land use and couplings between climate and biogeochemical cycles»

Aqua, Latin for water, is a NASA Earth Science satellite mission named for the large amount of information that the mission will be collecting about the Earth's water cycle, including evaporation from the oceans, water vapor in the atmosphere, clouds, precipitation, soil moisture, sea ice, land ice, and snow cover on the land and ice.

However, the conditions predicted for the open ocean may not reflect the future conditions in the coastal zone, where many of these organisms live (Hendriks et al. 2010a, b; Hofmann et al. 2011; Kelly and Hofmann 2012), and results derived from changes in pH in coastal ecosystems often include processes other than OA, such as emissions from volcanic vents, eutrophication, upwelling and long - term changes in the geological cycle of CO2, which commonly involve simultaneous changes in other key factors affecting the performance of calcifiers, thereby confounding the response expected from OA by anthropogenic CO2 alone.

Moreover, ocean models (Barnett e.a. 2005) significantly differ from reality for any oscillation between 10 - 60 years (see fig S1 in the supplement — that includes the 11 and 22 year solar cycles).

Although rising temperatures are an underlying factor, glaciologists find a complex cycle at work: A warming Pacific Ocean has created disruptive El Nino climate periods more frequently and powerfully, reducing precipitation, including snows to replenish glaciers.

Called ModelE, it provides the ability to simulate many different configurations of Earth System Models — including interactive atmospheric chemistry, aerosols, carbon cycle and other tracers, as well as the standard atmosphere, ocean, sea ice and land surface components.

Ken Caldeira has been a Carnegie investigator since 2005 and is world renowned for his modeling and other work on the global carbon cycle; marine biogeochemistry and chemical oceanography, including ocean acidification and the atmosphere / ocean carbon cycle; land - cover and climate change; the long - term evolution of climate and geochemical cycles; climate intervention proposals; and energy technology.