The terms include biological, geologic, and mineral sequestration, but do not
include ocean fertilization techniques.
The terms include biological sequestration, but do not
include ocean fertilization techniques.
An otherwise identical A2 simulation did not
include the ocean fertilization, to act as a control.
Not exact matches
Possible mechanisms
include (iv)
fertilization of phytoplankton growth in the Southern
Ocean by increased deposition of iron - containing dust from the atmosphere after being carried by winds from colder, drier continental areas, and a subsequent redistribution of limiting nutrients; (v) an increase in the whole ocean nutrient content (e.g., through input of material exposed on shelves or nitrogen fixation); and (vi) an increase in the ratio between carbon and other nutrients assimilated in organic material, resulting in a higher carbon export per unit of limiting nutrient expo
Ocean by increased deposition of iron - containing dust from the atmosphere after being carried by winds from colder, drier continental areas, and a subsequent redistribution of limiting nutrients; (v) an increase in the whole
ocean nutrient content (e.g., through input of material exposed on shelves or nitrogen fixation); and (vi) an increase in the ratio between carbon and other nutrients assimilated in organic material, resulting in a higher carbon export per unit of limiting nutrient expo
ocean nutrient content (e.g., through input of material exposed on shelves or nitrogen fixation); and (vi) an increase in the ratio between carbon and other nutrients assimilated in organic material, resulting in a higher carbon export per unit of limiting nutrient exported.
Note 1: the NAS study
includes ocean iron
fertilization, which I haven't
included in the above graphic because «previous studies nearly all agree that deploying
ocean iron
fertilization at climatically relevant levels poses risks that outweigh potential benefits.»
Because if not, «Laboratory experiments revealed that
ocean acidification has negative impacts on the
fertilization, cleavage, larva, settlement and reproductive stages of several marine calcifiers,
including echinoderm, bivalve, coral and crustacean species.
If entering the «climate drivers equation» is now the increasing activity of tropical (or extra-tropical)
ocean cyanobacterial productivity (driven by the CO2
fertilization effect
including the effect of the anthropogenic nitrogen discharges to coastal
oceans), then what can we say about the strength of future El Ninos and La Ninas and the predictability of the PDO?
They
include ocean iron
fertilization and sulfate aerosol spraying, each of which now has a scientific - commercial constituency.
«All States have an obligation to protect and preserve the marine environment and to ensure that all activities carried out under their jurisdiction and control,
including marine scientific research and commercial
ocean fertilization activities do not cause pollution.