Sentences with phrase «including socioeconomic status»

From an ecological standpoint, a host of other contexts, including socioeconomic status, neighborhood collective efficacy, school outreach, and community health policies, could potentially interact with the effects of parents and peers in relation to adolescent sexual risk and are the focus of continuing research.

Garcia (2014) also claims that such non-cognitive skills can be nurtured based on an individual's environment including socioeconomic status, family, etc..

Others have also consistently reported that breastfed children score slightly higher than those bottlefed on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development or later tests of IQ, such as the McCarthy Scales, after controlling for standard covariates including socioeconomic status (SES), maternal age and education, maternal smoking and drinking, 16, 17 and in one study maternal psychological state.18 Longitudinal studies indicate that these differences persist to 5 years and into school age.

Family environment including socioeconomic status, mother's internalising symptoms (assessed at child's age 5, 7 and 9 years), use of harsh discipline (assessed at ages 7 and 9), number of residence changes, number of parent - figure changes, experience of bereavement, divorce or separation.

This finding was present even while controlling for a number of potential confounding factors, including socioeconomic status and the child's age, race or ethnicity, and sex.

I don't know the answer, of course, but I can think of many such variables, including socioeconomic status — that is, those who can afford fancy home alarms also live in neighborhoods that don't suffer as mean break - ins.

After controlling for factors including socioeconomic status and levels of physical activity, the results were still significant.

The authors say the results persisted even when adjusted for a wide range of potentially confounding factors, including socioeconomic status, smoking behavior, alcohol consumption and health status.

After controlling for factors including socioeconomic status and levels of physical activity, the results were still significant (PLoS Medicine, DOI: 10.1371 / journal.pmed.1001703).

Demographic information included in this analysis was predominately from the time of the child's birth, and included socioeconomic status, maternal age at child's birth, parity, Indigenous status, health service region (rural or metropolitan) and maternal marital status.

Psychosocial risk factors included socioeconomic status, life stress, caretaker depression, parental support, hostility, and scaffolding skills.

Contextual factors include socioeconomic status, family stress, and conflict; parent factors included parental depression; parenting factors included parental hostility, support, and scaffolding skills; child factors included child effortful control (EC), negative affect (NA), and sensory regulation.

Not exact matches

Psychosocial stress, exposure to air pollution including truck traffic, sleep disruption and changes to socioeconomic status are all biologically plausible pathways for unconventional natural gas development to affect health.

The analysis controlled for other factors that typically influence levels of religiosity, including age, gender, race and ethnicity, region, state, socioeconomic status, marital status and child - bearing status.

Respiratory and gastrointestinal tract infections are the leading cause of morbidity in children.1, 2 Prospective cohort studies in industrialized countries revealed a prevalence of 3.4 % to 32.1 % for respiratory tract infectious diseases and 1.2 % to 26.3 % for gastrointestinal infectious diseases in infancy.3, — , 8 The risks of these infectious diseases are affected by several factors including birth weight, gestational age, socioeconomic status, ethnicity, number of siblings, day care attendance, and parental smoking.3, 5,6,8, — , 20

Bed sharing mortality has been linked with markers of lower socioeconomic status (SES), including overcrowded households, adolescent mothers, economic deprivation, and low levels of maternal education (e.g., Carpenter et al 2004; Fleming 2006; Ostfeld et al 2006).

Limitations of the study included low response rate for control families, higher socioeconomic status in participants vs. nonparticipants, possible residual confounding despite multivariate analysis, and possible recall bias because of retrospective design.

Typical confounders include age, sex race / ethnicity, socioeconomic status, education level, occupation, etc..

Area and individual maternal characteristics included country of residence, ward type, socioeconomic status, ethnicity (defined by Office for National Statistics guidelines and classified for this analysis as British / Irish white3 or of other ethnic origin), maternal age in years at cohort child's birth, level of education (attainment of qualification at GCSE grade G or above), parity (whether cohort child is first live birth), and lone parent status.

It included practically every mother in the U.S. who made it to full - term and got herself to a hospital, regardless of health, socioeconomic status, or pregnancy complications.

Other maternal variables tested in the model included maternal age, ethnic group, socioeconomic status, parity, prepregnancy weight and height, CES - D score, and use of tobacco.

Results were adjusted for several factors including gestational age, maternal age, ethnic background and socioeconomic status.

Future interventions to increase rates of institutional birth should address structural barriers including, differences in socioeconomic status, social support, and birth preparedness.»

The literature shows that father absence tends to correlate with poorer children's outcomes, including lower education attainment, poorer health, greater emotional and behavioral problems, with effects lasting well into adulthood (as measured by socioeconomic status and marital patterns).

To rule out other factors that could lead to poor health outcomes, including race and socioeconomic status, the team removed babies born in urban areas like Pittsburgh and Philadelphia, which have comparatively high rates of lower birth weight babies.

After adjusting for various factors, including age, demographic factors, health behaviors such as smoking and alcohol consumption, physical activity, medical conditions, and socioeconomic status, the researchers found that black workers in general — and black professionals in particular — were more likely to experience short sleep than whites.

The study's finding that emotions influenced achievement held constant even after taking into account the effects of other variables, including students» intelligence and gender, and families» socioeconomic status.

The study also included data on various individual characteristics (e.g. extraversion and hostility in childhood; physical health in childhood and adulthood) and family and environmental factors (e.g., socioeconomic status in childhood, social integration in adulthood).

However, when tests include cognitively challenging questions that require elevated critical thinking, females and lower socioeconomic students score lower than their male or high - status peers, even though the students have equal academic ability.

Gary Orfield, professor of education, law, political science, and urban planning at UCLA, said opponents of the UT admission policy claim there are nonracial alternatives that do the job just as well, including the 10 % plan that UT now uses as its first phase for admission; approaches using socioeconomic status rather than race as a factor; and special outreach and recruitment efforts.

Critics at the time, however, noted that these outcomes could have been predicted by socioeconomic status alone, and Terman's test missed some gifted individuals, including two future Nobel laureates.

«The findings should be interpreted with caution given that childhood socioeconomic status is notoriously difficult to measure for a number of reasons, including recall bias, but other studies have shown that childhood socioeconomic status can have a critical impact on adult health independent of adult socioeconomic status.

Measures of socioeconomic status included poverty - income ratio, a ratio of self - reported income relative to the poverty line, and attained education level.

Previous research already has established worse birth outcomes in women with psychosocial risk factors, including low socioeconomic status.

The findings persisted after adjusting for important confounding factors including maternal and parental psychiatric history, socioeconomic status, and maternal age.

The comparison group included 375 first - generation immigrant children of similar racial / ethnic backgrounds and socioeconomic status who attended the same schools before the intervention was implemented.

Factors that contributed to a higher rate of car seat misuse included lower socioeconomic status, lower educational attainment, and non-English primary language.

They hypothesize that individuals may emphasize marginal membership in high - status professional groups, including «greater use of doctor titles by osteopaths, dentists, and chiropractors as opposed to medical doctors» and «greater display of officer status by lieutenants as opposed to colonels, and may also highlight marginal membership in high - status socioeconomic group membership, including «greater display of wealth by the nouveau riche than by «old money.»»

Key drivers of vulnerability include the attributes of certain groups (age, socioeconomic status, race, current level of health — see Ch.

Although we addressed this issue in several ways, including the use of a natural experimental design exploiting the quasi-randomized assignment of patients to hospitalists, it is still possible that unmeasured confounding (eg, residual differences in socioeconomic status of patients that are not explained by patient race / ethnicity, Medicaid eligibility, and household income level) could explain the observed differences in patient outcomes.

But virtually all of the increased risk associated with IVF, which involves fertilizing eggs outside the body and placing one or more embryos in the mother's uterus, could be attributed to the health and demographic profile of the mother, including her age, body mass index, socioeconomic status, and any health conditions (such as diabetes) she may have experienced before or during pregnancy.

The strengths of the present study include the large size and the relatively homogeneous nature of the cohort, which reduced confounding by several variables, such as access to medical care, educational attainment, and socioeconomic status.

«The fact the cohorts used to determine this study's conclusions (BMJ published meta analysis) failed to consider incredibly relevant diabetes confounders like family history of diabetes, socioeconomic status, and dietary consumption patterns, including the dietary consumption of other categories of refined grains, makes quantifying the effect on diabetes development due to white rice consumption from this data set impossible.

Your cultural identity includes your ethnicity, race, nationality, socioeconomic class, religion, legal status and so on.

In her new role, Hill will further pursue her work on the ways ethnicity and socioeconomic status shape parenting and their engagement with school on behalf of their children, including a research project on the familial and school - based relational supports that help youth envision meaningful futures, manage their concerns about job market, and plan for post high school success.

In addition to supporting racial equality in schools, Brown gave rise to numerous social movements seeking educational equality for students across all lines of difference, including gender and sexual orientation, religion, language, physical handicaps, immigration status, and socioeconomic level.

«This book was designed to show what new evidence exists about integrated education and its relationship to equality of educational opportunity; what the political prospects are; what we know about new policy alternatives, including using socioeconomic status; and what the federal role could be in encouraging such options,» write Frankenberg and Debray.

The version we use takes into account student background characteristics and schooling environment factors, including students» socioeconomic status (SES), while simultaneously calculating school - average student test - score growth.

Discussing educational disadvantage, it cites 2015 research suggesting many students are not able to access «taster» work experience for a variety of reasons — including gender, disability, cultural background and socioeconomic status.

These include students» grade level, Limited English Proficiency status and eligibility for subsidized school meals, their teachers» years of experience in North Carolina public schools, class size, school size, schools» racial and socioeconomic makeup, and schools» average math and reading scores on statewide tests.