Regardless of cause, CCL rupture results in stifle instability which sets into motion a cascade of events
including synovitis, articular cartilage degeneration, periarticular osteophyte development, capsular fibrosis and medial meniscus injury.
They
include treatment options for patients with and without active systemic disease, along with varying degrees of inflammation of the joint lining (
synovitis), as well as recommendations for repeat TB screening for JIA patients receiving biologics.