New America published a study arguing that the Parent PLUS loan program «exacerbates the racial wealth divide by promoting debt among low -
income black families.»
arguing that the Parent PLUS loan program «exacerbates the racial wealth divide by promoting debt among low -
income black families.»
OBJECTIVES To better understand within - group variability in positive parenting practices among low -
income Black families, the present study, grounded in a multidimensional comparative framework,
Not exact matches
Or the low -
income kids turn out to be somehow atypical — they go to a selective school with an entrance exam, or they're recent immigrants from Asia or Eastern Europe rather than
black or Latino kids from
families with long poverty histories.
A new study of 2,500 white, Mexican American and
black children from low -
income families suggests that early spankings make for aggressive toddlers.
Even though almost every student at the KIPP Academy... is from a low -
income family, and all but a few are either
black or Hispanic, and most enter below grade level, they are still a step above other kids in the neighborhood; on their math tests in the fourth grade (the year before they arrived at KIPP), KIPP students in the Bronx scored well above the average for the district, and on their fourth - grade reading tests they often scored above the average for the entire city.
«What destroys communities is when low -
income black and brown
families are forced to suck it up and live with schools that don't work for their children,» Bellafiore said.
30 Apartments of Affordable Housing for Low -
Income Families, Mixed - Use Development Features Buffalo
Black Achievers Museum
Income segregation among black and Latino families is now much higher than among white families, which means that low - income communities of color suffer more than ever from a double segregation by race and
Income segregation among
black and Latino
families is now much higher than among white
families, which means that low -
income communities of color suffer more than ever from a double segregation by race and
income communities of color suffer more than ever from a double segregation by race and class.
In 1992, among the high - scoring high school seniors (those with test scores in the top tenth of the class),
black and Hispanic youth were three times as likely to be from
families with
incomes less than $ 20,000 than white and other non-Hispanic youth (12)(see figure, below).
In the original randomized controlled trial, 10 elementary schools with pre-k programs serving primarily
black and Latino children from low -
income families were randomized to receive ParentCorps or standard pre-k programming.
«While there are still barriers that exist for low -
income children,
families from across the socioeconomic spectrum are struggling to get their kids to eat healthy food at school,» says
Black.
Schools, teacher quality and
family income all play a large role in student success, but these factors do not fully explain the academic differences seen in the U.S. between whites and disadvantaged racial / ethnic minorities, including
blacks and Hispanics.
More than 60 percent of
black, Hispanic, and Native American kids live in low -
income families, compared to 30 percent of Asian and white children — a dynamic largely unchanged since 2008.
More than 60 percent of
black, Hispanic, and Native American kids live in low -
income families, compared to 30 percent of Asian and white children — a dynamic largely unchanged in recent years.
«
Black and Latino
families have lower
incomes on average than white
families, and they face housing market discrimination that influences where they live, regardless of the high value that they may place on school options,» Owens said.
They are still far more likely to be found among low -
income families than among high -
income families, but they have become more common among both whites and
blacks.
These data include the percentage of students who are from low -
income families; the percentage who are white,
black, Hispanic, Asian, or Native American; and the percentage who are Limited English proficient (LEP).
• Two recently published studies (by Addo, Houle, and Simon and Grinstein - Weiss et al.) use national survey data to show that
black students hold substantially more debt by age 25 compared to their white counterparts, and that disparities are evident even after controlling for
family income and wealth, indicating that differences in postsecondary and labor market experiences contribute to the debt gap.
[3] The old conventional wisdom may be intuitively appealing because aggregate disability rates — with no adjustments for
family income or other student characteristics — are higher for students who are
black (1.4 times) or Native American (1.7), and lower for whites (0.9) and Asians (0.5), with Hispanic students about as likely to be identified as the rest of the population.
Our students face many risk factors once they leave us — peers who do not always encourage good decisionmaking, bureaucratic educational institutions, employers who do not always treat them well,
family members who do not necessarily believe in their ability to succeed, and a society that has too little regard for low -
income black teens.
In the year prior to entering a KIPP school, 80 percent of the KIPP students are from low -
income families, as measured by eligibility for free or reduced - price school breakfast and lunch (FRPL); 96 percent are either
black or Hispanic; 7 percent are English language learners; and 7 percent receive special education services (see Figure 1a).
So the struggle continues to make America a place where
black people and
black institutions are respected; where integration is viewed through the prism of pluralist acceptance; and where low -
income and working - class
black families have the power to secure the kind of education they desire for their children.
The median household
income for
black families in 2001 was $ 33,600, while it was $ 54,100 for whites, a difference that can be attributed in part to the large number of
black families headed by a single parent (see Figure 2).
Piney Branch Elementary serves an incredibly diverse group of 3rd, 4th, and 5th graders, from the children of übereducated white and
black middle - class
families, to poor immigrant children from Latin America, Ethiopia, and Eritrea, to low -
income African American kids.
Of particular significance in this study was the high percentage of culturally diverse and low
income students who were unprepared for college - level reading, including 79 percent of
black students, 67 percent of Hispanic students, and 33 percent of students from
families with annual
incomes below $ 30,000.
The kids who attended were from the neighborhood, mostly
black boys from low -
income families.
That feature is what lost the support of longtime social - justice warrior (and founder of the pro school choice
Black Alliance for Educational Options) Howard Fuller, who in July shocked many allies by stating his opposition to the Nevada plan: «Parental choice should be used principally as a tool to empower communities that face systemic barriers to greater educational and economic opportunities... I could never approve of a plan that would give those with existing advantages even greater means to leverage the limited number of private school options, to the detriment of low -
income families.»
It recruits a mix of
black, Latino, and white
families, in contrast to the homogeneous groups of low -
income minority students urban charters generally serve.
One of the first schools Grant visited in Raleigh, in the historic
black district, serves a student population that is majority
black with one - third of children from low -
income families.
The readiness gap is widest when considering students at nonselective two - year colleges, and students who are
black, Hispanic, or from low -
income families.
Surveys conducted in Detroit and St. Louis showed that low -
income black and Latino
families were the strongest backers of choice plans.
Meanwhile, increasingly middle - class Irish and Italian
families started moving to the suburbs, leaving urban Catholic schools to cater to a majority of lower -
income blacks and Hispanics.
It seems that
family income has surprisingly little effect on eighth - grade mathematical performance of New York City's
Black students.
They are mostly
black and from low -
income families.
A White student from a comparatively prosperous
family in Virginia is more than four times as likely to be brought to grade level in eighth grade reading than a
Black student from a lower -
income family.
White students from
families with below average
incomes are much more effectively taught mathematics in the City's middle schools than are (the relatively few)
Blacks students from more prosperous
families:
Private schools have little effect on the educational opportunities of
Black students from low -
income families in either Mississippi or Michigan.
Thus, taking travel distance and local neighborhood demographics into account, a public school of choice that over represents white middle - class students based on the results of unconstrained lotteries might, instead, dispense offers of admission based on lotteries in which students from low -
income families or
families from neighborhoods in which
blacks predominate have higher odds of selection.
If being a child in a low -
income family mattered primarily because teens were forced to work or could not afford college, the government could reduce the
black - white gap in educational attainment through more - generous tuition or
income - assistance programs.
Filed by brave western New York
families of charter - school children and backed by the Northeast Charter Schools Network, Brown says the formula used to fund charter schools discriminates against these children, who are overwhelmingly lower
income and
black or Hispanic.
A large number of
black middle - class
families also reside in low -
income neighborhoods, and as a result, their children are more likely to attend low -
income schools compared to white, middle - class
families.46
The trend of increasing racial and economic segregation is a nationwide trend — not just in Alabama and other Southern states.55 The South, however, was the only region in the country to see a net increase in private school enrollment between 1960 and 2000, and where private school enrollment is higher, support for spending in public schools tends to be lower.56 A growing body of rigorous research shows that money absolutely matters for public schools, especially for the students from low -
income families who attend them.57 What's more, private schools in the South tend to have the largest overrepresentation of white students.58 In fact, research has shown that the strongest predictor of white private school enrollment is the proportion of
black students in the local public schools.59
Twenty - eight percent of Connecticut's public charter school students are Hispanic, 59 % are
Black or African American and 72 % are from low -
income families.
60 Minutes reports on St. Benedict's Preparatory School in Newark where 50 percent of the students are
black and 30 percent are Hispanic - almost all come from low
income families.
TRP teachers who moved to different schools in the same district tended to join ones where a similar proportion of students were from low -
income families, a lower percentage were
black, and achievement was higher.
Instead, it's a rationalization for inaction, for a tolerance of the educational barriers that low -
income Black and Brown
families face right now.
The
Black Alliance for Educational Options (BAEO) is the only
Black - led organization focused exclusively on representing the interests of low -
income and working class
Black families in the education reform and parental choice movement in the U.S.
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Black male educators
Black students black teachers Black Voices Civil Rights Community Engagement Family Engagement High - Poverty Schools low - income Low - Performing Schools Students of Color Teachers of
Black students
black teachers Black Voices Civil Rights Community Engagement Family Engagement High - Poverty Schools low - income Low - Performing Schools Students of Color Teachers of
black teachers
Black Voices Civil Rights Community Engagement Family Engagement High - Poverty Schools low - income Low - Performing Schools Students of Color Teachers of
Black Voices Civil Rights Community Engagement
Family Engagement High - Poverty Schools low -
income Low - Performing Schools Students of Color Teachers of Color
On average,
black and Hispanic students nationally attend schools in which two - thirds of students are from low -
income families, the researchers found.