But America has higher proportions of poor and low -
income children than other developed nations, and poverty explains more differences in parenting practices than family structure.
But America has higher proportions of poor and low -
income children than other developed nations, and poverty explains more -LSB-...]
Not exact matches
Well - off kids have on average more access to books and
other printed materials; just as important, their parents speak to them more
than low -
income parents speak to their
children — by some estimates, far more — and the speech they use is more complex.
•
Income from child support, particularly where it is willingly paid, has a more beneficial impact on children than equivalent income from other sources (Aizer & McLanahan,
Income from
child support, particularly where it is willingly paid, has a more beneficial impact on
children than equivalent
income from other sources (Aizer & McLanahan,
income from
other sources (Aizer & McLanahan, 2006).
Though statistics show that more black
children are in single - parent homes
than other groups, new research notes that their fathers — often young, low -
income, unmarried African - American men — are more involved
than one might conclude, despite comments from prominent black men such as Bill Cosby and Sen. Barack Obama.
The Government must give better and fuller guidance to tax credit and
other benefit claimants about the circumstances in which they may still claim the
child element of
child tax credit or universal credit for a third or subsequent
child born on or after 6 April 2017, says the Low
Incomes Tax Reform Group (LITRG).1 Previously announced changes to tax credits, universal credit and some
other benefits which limit payment of the
child element to no more
than two
children come into effect today (6 April).
This IFS research puts the Budget's regressive impact beyond doubt: the poorest will be hit more
than many of the richest in cash terms let alone as a percentage; poor and middle
income families with
children lose out more
than any
other household types and the very poorest families with
children lose more
than any
other groups — with 5 per cent of their total
income being cut.
Today's Daily Mail reports that the Work and Pensions Secretary wants to transform the way in which
child poverty is assessed by examining factors
other than relative
incomes.
She notes that the disparity between this and
other research may have been this study's screening process, which excluded a higher percentage of low -
income children than middle - and high -
income children.
The findings likely come at a crucial time in examining
income inequality because Harvard researcher Robert Putnam and
others have found it is much more difficult today
than it was 50 years ago for
children of low socioeconomic status to advance up the ladder.
Figure 2a shows that, holding constant all demographic measures
other than income, an increase of one standard deviation in the single - parent measure is associated with a drop in
children's completed schooling of one - quarter of a year.
Quality Preschool Benefits Poor and Affluent Kids, Study Finds NBC News, March 28, 2013 «While most previous studies had focused only on kids from underprivileged backgrounds, in the new study Harvard researchers found that regardless of family
income children who got a year of quality prekindergarten did better in reading and math
than kids who spent the year in daycare, with relatives, or in some
other kind of preschool, according to the report which was published in
Child Development.»
Writing about Illinois» newly approved NCLB waiver, it breathlessly reported that, «Under a dramatic new approach to rating public schools, Illinois students of different backgrounds no longer will be held to the same standards — with Latinos and blacks, low -
income children and
other groups having lower targets
than whites for passing state exams, the Tribune has found.»
The first cohort, now old enough to participate in third - grade testing, scored higher
than did
other low -
income children who did not receive public pre-K.
Hillary for America senior policy adviser Maya Harris said the «proposal could strip funding from up to 56,000 public schools serving more
than 21 million
children» and it «might only serve 1.4 million students, while stripping funding from the
other 10.5 million low -
income students in America.»
The disparity results, in part, from the fact that many low -
income children don't attend pre-school; low -
income parents speak to their
children about one - third as much as parents who are professionals; low -
income parents read to their
children much less
than do
other parents; and low -
income children watch much more television
than do their peers.
Should schools with student bodies primarily from low -
income families spend less on the education of those
children than is spent on the education of
other students in the same school district?
The Learning Record is a powerful assessment process developed first in England for literacy (reading, writing, speaking, listening) for use with low -
income children, many of whom had first languages
other than English.
Universal preschool in Oklahoma and elsewhere has produced benefits for middle - and higher -
income children — benefits that are not substantially smaller
than those seen for
other children.
Through their fellowships, they have started initiatives that engage and retain great teachers; help low -
income students to advance, rather
than fall behind, during the summer months; and provide critical support to help foster
children achieve better educational outcomes, among
others.
For more
than 30 years, the Intercultural Development Research Association has committed to making schools work for all
children, especially those
children who are historically left behind — low -
income students, minority students and those who speak a language
other than English.
Special - progress classes were even more racially and academically segregated from
other students
than their contemporary version, «gifted and talented» programs that retain middle - class parents in the public - school system by separating their
children from most low -
income and minority - group peers.
Students of National Board Certified Teachers learn up to two months more
than their peers, with an even greater impact for students of color and low -
income children.54 A career continuum supported by a system of meaningful professional learning would put teaching more on par with
other modernized professions such as medicine, engineering, and architecture.55 Such a continuum should support every teacher to aim for accomplished practice from the start of their career, to work in school - based teams to demonstrate and improve their knowledge and skills, and to expand their impact as accomplished teachers through a variety of leadership roles, which would allow them to continue teaching students.
«Effective Schools» are high achieving schools with a high percentage of their students from low -
income families and a high percentage being
children of a color
other than white.
In a matter of days, he has gone from talking about «Opportunity Schools» in Baltimore to claiming that «there are organizations in
other parts of the country that are operating schools that are succeeding in leading
children from low -
income families — especially
children of color — to reach much higher levels of academic success
than the norm for their communities.»
Thanks to Forstmann, John Walton, and private donors in Oregon and 18
other states who have supported low -
income parents in their quest for a quality education, more
than 166,000
children have been a given that chance through scholarships worth more
than $ 741 million.
In
other words, low -
income homes with
children are four times more likely to be without broadband
than their middle or upper -
income counterparts.
Waters agrees that for most people, it's somewhat unrealistic to have zero
income other than dividends, although it can come up if
children are the beneficiaries of a trust that flows out eligible dividends, for example (being mindful of
income attribution rules).
The rules change when your
child receives
income from sources
other than employment, such as interest and dividend payments.
Also, if interest, dividends and
other investment
income are more
than $ 2,100 in 2017, you're going to get hit with the kiddie tax (which means you'll pay your tax rate on part of your
child's
income).
If you have one or more qualifying
children and more
than $ 3,000 of earned
income (
income from wages and
other job - related compensation), you may be entitled to a refund of up to 15 percent of your earned
income (including tax - free combat pay) in excess of $ 3,000.
Investment earnings that accrue in a Roth IRA are another story; if your
child withdraws earnings (
other than as qualified first - time homebuyer expenses) from her Roth IRA before age 59 1/2, she will have to include those amounts as taxable
income and will have to pay a 10 % penalty, as well.
Chances are they have more disposable
income on hand
than the Spencers to spend on their lifestyle (or put to
other good uses, such as helping their
children).
Put shortly, as Lady Hale and Lord Carnwath in their joint judgment in MM (Lebanon) and
Others state, new rules required a sponsoring partner (rather
than the applicant and partner jointly, and certainly without any assistance from family members) to have a gross annual
income of at least # 18,600, with an additional # 3,800 for the first non-settled dependent
child, and # 2,400 for each further
child.
For example, according the HHS 2011 Poverty Guidelines, for a single adult with no spouse or
children, he or she would have needed to average less
than $ 10,890 in
income to be eligible, as well as meeting the
other requirements, such as a lack of recent health insurance, and
other requirements by the individual state.
If you have a majority of time with the
child but less
income than the
other parent, then you can request to use the sole custody calculation instead.
In addition to setting imputed
income no lower
than what a parent could earn working full - time and earning minimum wage, South Dakota courts use a number of
other factors to calculate the amount of imputed
income to use in
child support calculations:
On the evidence before me, I am not prepared to determine
child and spousal support on this motion on any
income other than line 150 of the respondent's
income as set out in section 16 of the Guidelines.
But if your
income is vital to someone
other than you alone — a spouse,
child or even an aging parent — the sad event of your death would be an even bigger hardship once the financial impact hits home.
Other than products and customer service, American
Income looks to help those locally and nationally, especially
children, with support and outreach programs.
Instead of relying on a software program that would probably recommend more
than you would ever buy, he suggested that you think in terms of two lump sums — one to pay off your mortgage and cover your
children's college education and the
other to create
income for your survivors.
When the paying parent has a very high level of
income (more
than # 156,000 a year)-- the court can decide whether one parent should pay «top - up»
child maintenance to the
other, over and above the level worked out by the CMS.
Even when parents share custody, if one parent has greater
income than the
other, the parent with more
income will generally be required to pay
child support.
Other than emancipation, the court usually requires that at least one parent's
income must have increased or decreased by at least 20 percent since the time when
child support was calculated.
I don't understand why the
other parent has to agree to lower
child support when my
income is lower
than before and I can't afford to pay the current
child support.
If one parent - for example, the father - has a higher
income than the
other parent - for example, the mother - then he would be responsible for the greater portion of the
child support obligation.
Despite decades of research describing the harmful effects of family poverty on
children's emotional and behavioral development, eg,12 - 17 experimental or quasi-experimental manipulations of family
income that could go beyond description are rare18 and tend to examine the effect of such manipulations on physical health or academic attainment, rather
than emotional or behavioral functioning.19, 20
Other analyses of the Great Smoky Mountains data set have focused on educational and criminal outcomes.21 The few studies looking at emotional or behavioral outcomes tend to have a short time frame.22, 23 Some studies of school - based interventions have followed up with
children through to adulthood, 24,25 but we have found none that have looked at the long - term effects of family
income supplementation on adult psychological functioning.
The average pay for
child care teachers is barely more
than $ 10 per hour, lower
than for most
other jobs, including parking lot attendants and dog walkers.26 These low wages contribute to economic insecurity among the
child care and early education workforce, with one in seven living in families with
incomes below the federal poverty level.27 Currently, about half of people working in the
child care sector rely on public benefit programs such as Medicaid and nutrition assistance.28 Low pay contributes to high turnover rates, which can threaten quality in early childhood programs during
children's critical developmental period.
Universal preschool in Oklahoma and elsewhere has produced benefits for middle - and higher -
income children — benefits that are not substantially smaller
than those seen for
other children.
If your
income is vastly greater
than the
other parent's, for instance, or if he was given some overnights with the
children under the custody order, a court could use its discretion and choose to reduce the amount of support it orders.