Sentences with phrase «increase the albedo of»

There, the particles would spur the formation of new clouds or increase the albedo of existing clouds.

On the studies of sensitivity based on the last glacial maximum, what reduction in solar forcing is used based on the increased Albedo of the ice - sheets, snow and desert.

26 Paul W asked, «On the studies of sensitivity based on the last glacial maximum, what reduction in solar forcing is used based on the increased Albedo of the ice - sheets, snow and desert.

He goes on to claim that «Pollution increases the albedo of thin clouds because but, contrary to the present theory, decreases it for thick clouds.

On the studies of sensitivity based on the last glacial maximum, what reduction in solar forcing is used based on the increased Albedo of the ice - sheets, snow and desert.

Claquin et al's model - derived findings show a change in tropical atmospheric forcing of «-- 2.2 to — 3.2 W m — 2» between PI and LGM earth, due to the increased albedo of atmospheric dust.

If we really put the nuts and bolts in place, we can get close to 100 per cent of urban areas increasing the albedo of surfaces.»

the heavier snowfalls will increase the albedo of earth, which will cool the land and the oceans.

In this new study, the researchers showed that increasing the albedo of a 1m2 surface by 0.01 would have the same effect on global temperature, over the next 80 years, as decreasing emissions by around 7 kg of CO2.

Snow increases the albedo of earth, and that may be considered a negative feedback.

(7) A requirement that building retrofits conducted pursuant to a REEP program utilize, especially in all air - conditioned buildings, roofing materials with high solar energy reflectance, unless inappropriate due to green roof management, solar energy production, or for other reasons identified by the Administrator, in order to reduce energy consumption within the building, increase the albedo of the building's roof, and decrease the heat island effect in the area of the building, without reduction of otherwise applicable ceiling insulation standards.

AGW climate scientists seem to ignore that while the earth's surface may be warming, our atmosphere above 10,000 ft. above MSL is a refrigerator that can take water vapor scavenged from the vast oceans on earth (which are also a formidable heat sink), lift it to cold zones in the atmosphere by convective physical processes, chill it (removing vast amounts of heat from the atmosphere) or freeze it, (removing even more vast amounts of heat from the atmosphere) drop it on land and oceans as rain, sleet or snow, moisturizing and cooling the soil, cooling the oceans and building polar ice caps and even more importantly, increasing the albedo of the earth, with a critical negative feedback determining how much of the sun's energy is reflected back into space, changing the moment of inertia of the earth by removing water mass from equatorial latitudes and transporting this water vapor mass to the poles, reducing the earth's spin axis moment of inertia and speeding up its spin rate, etc..

As the planet warms, increasing levels of water vapour in the atmosphere caused by higher evaporation levels form more clouds and snow increasing the albedo of the planet, reflecting heat back into space more efficiently, thus working to regulate the temperature downward.

Another proposed technique that is starting to turn heads is the idea of increasing the albedo of buildings in order to reflect more sunlight.

The amount of sea ice is rather sensitive to climate change: meltwater ponding, for instance, dramatically increases the albedo of sea ice, leading to enhanced ice melt.

Not exact matches

Whereas carbon levels can affect warming on a global scale, the effects of increased albedo and poor evotranspiration would affect temperatures only on a regional level.

Critics argue that albedo modification and other «geoengineering» schemes are risky and would discourage nations from trying to reduce their emissions of carbon dioxide, the heat - trapping gas that comes from the burning of fossil fuels and that is causing global warming by absorbing increasing amounts of energy from sunlight.

They found that combinations of increased vegetation and albedo could cut into projected increases in heat deaths, reducing them between 40 and 99 percent.

The team's computer simulations suggested that the soot can cause a decrease of between 1.6 and 4.1 percent in the glacier's albedo — a measure of its sunlight - reflecting «whiteness» — and that the resulting heating can cause up to a 24 percent increase in the annual snowmelt, Yasunari reported here Monday at a meeting of the American Geophysical Union (AGU).

As more vegetation was removed by the introduction of livestock, it increased the albedo (the amount of sunlight that reflects off the earth's surface) of the land, which in turn influenced atmospheric conditions sufficiently to reduce monsoon rainfall.

Also about the ice - albedo feedback within 1K temperature oscillation the albedo will change of, let us say, 10 %, so for an increase of 1K the albedo will decrease from A = 0.3 to A = 0.27.

They tend to believe that as the planet warms, low - level cloud cover will increase, thus increasing planetary albedo (overall reflectiveness of the Earth), offsetting the increased greenhouse effect and preventing a dangerous level of global warming from occurring.

[Response: weaker cosmic ray flux - > fewer low clouds - > decrease in sunlight reflected back to space), then you need to explain why the night temperatures appear to increase faster then day temperatures (for any amplification mechanism involving te albedo, you'd expect the opposite, as there is no sunlight to reflect on the dark side of the planet...).

The reduction of surface reflection due to biological activity, derived from our results, was used as a proxy for a reduction in albedo in the regional climate model Modèle Atmosphérique Régional (MAR; Fettweis et al., 2013) to project future microbially - mediated increases in GrIS melt (see Methodology, Supplementary Information).

Lynn, the increase of temperatures in the Arctic, is mainly the result of an inflow of warmer air from lower latitudes (with the current AO) and the change in albedo (mainly in summer).

Supraglacial streams, which melted following increased albedos as a result of accumulations of wind - blown sand on the glacier surface, rework proglacial sediments, including the debris apron.

With higher precipitation, portions of this snow may not melt during the summer and so glacial ice can form at lower altitudes and more southerly latitudes, reducing the temperatures over land by increased albedo as noted above.

Specifically, increasing the snow albedo delayed the melting of snow and sea ice in spring, which increased the albedo difference to the experiment in which snow grains were assumed spherical.

For starters, one simply can not equate the positive feedback effect of melting ice (both reduced albedo and increased water vapor) from that of leaving maximum ice to that of minimum ice where the climate is now (and is during every interglacial period).

This chemical weathering process is too slow to damp out shorter - term fluctuations, and there are some complexities — glaciation can enhance the mechanical erosion that provides surface area for chemical weathering (some of which may be realized after a time delay — ie when the subsequent warming occurs — dramatically snow in a Snowball Earth scenario, where the frigid conditions essentially shut down all chemical weathering, allowing CO2 to build up to the point where it thaws the equatorial region, at which point runaway albedo feedback drives the Earth into a carbonic acid sauna, which ends via rapid carbonate rock formation), while lower sea level may increase the oxidation of organic C in sediments but also provide more land surface for erosion... etc..

Ice sheet albedo forcing is estimated to have caused a global mean forcing of about — 3.2 W m — 2 (based on a range of several LGM simulations) and radiative forcing from increased atmospheric aerosols (primarily dust and vegetation) is estimated to have been about — 1 W m — 2 each.

However, I had to wear my white dress, because it's perfect for being outside in the heat (white increases your albedo, and a higher albedo means more sunlight reflected off of you, so you don't feel as warm!).

There is no limit on the level that the reflections can be at and in a modern environment, such as a city, the albedo can increase the power levels many times of the sky based solar radiation of direct and diffuse combined.

[1] CO2 absorbs IR, is the main GHG, human emissions are increasing its concentration in the atmosphere, raising temperatures globally; the second GHG, water vapor, exists in equilibrium with water / ice, would precipitate out if not for the CO2, so acts as a feedback; since the oceans cover so much of the planet, water is a large positive feedback; melting snow and ice as the atmosphere warms decreases albedo, another positive feedback, biased toward the poles, which gives larger polar warming than the global average; decreasing the temperature gradient from the equator to the poles is reducing the driving forces for the jetstream; the jetstream's meanders are increasing in amplitude and slowing, just like the lower Missippi River where its driving gradient decreases; the larger slower meanders increase the amplitude and duration of blocking highs, increasing drought and extreme temperatures — and 30,000 + Europeans and 5,000 plus Russians die, and the US corn crop, Russian wheat crop, and Aussie wildland fire protection fails — or extreme rainfall floods the US, France, Pakistan, Thailand (driving up prices for disk drives — hows that for unexpected adverse impacts from AGW?)

, smoke from burning, maybe other stuff I haven't thought of yet, and there might be enough temporary albedo increase to cause short term cooling.

Other factors would include: — albedo shifts (both from ice > water, and from increased biological activity, and from edge melt revealing more land, and from more old dust coming to the surface...); — direct effect of CO2 on ice (the former weakens the latter); — increasing, and increasingly warm, rain fall on ice; — «stuck» weather systems bringing more and more warm tropical air ever further toward the poles; — melting of sea ice shelf increasing mobility of glaciers; — sea water getting under parts of the ice sheets where the base is below sea level; — melt water lubricating the ice sheet base; — changes in ocean currents -LRB-?)

That is, by decreasing the (rather high) Bond albedo of Earth one could increase rate of entropy production, which is inconsistent with a MEP state.

According to the skeptics, the solar irradiance isn't very important, it is the strength of the sun's magnetic field (that allows or stops cosmic rays from coming in which then causes more or less clouds, which increases or decreases the Earth's albedo, which then causes warming or cooling of the Earth's surface).

In our own modelling, we have improved the calculations to reduce the amount of numerical diffusion (which helped a lot), and increased resolution (which also helped), but changes to the ocean model also have a big impact, as do Arctic cloud processes and surface albedo parameterisations, so it gets complicated fast.

There is also the issue of increased biological activity in melt ponds decreasing albedo (beyond that of the melt ponds themselves).

I think that only illustrates the bizarre use of the global average and models that in effect suggest cutting down trees would increase albedo and cool the planet.

The idea was that the resulting increase in aerosol would increase the brightness and lifetime of low maritime clouds, increasing the planetary albedo.

There's been different flavors of how this could work, either by reducing the albedo in the early Archean (e.g., Rosing et al 2010) or increasing the greenhouse effect (Rondanelli and Lindzen, 2010).

Does more evaporation lead to more clouds and if so is the net effect of more clouds to increase albedo or to further increase GHE?

The resulting increased / decreased ice is amplified by «various feedbacks, including ice - albedo, dust, vegetation and, of course, the carbon cycle which amplify the direct effects of the orbital changes.»

The fraction of the light that scatters back out to space is responsible for the increased albedo and the cooling effect from sulfate aerosols.

This was a relatively stable climate (for several thousand years, 20,000 years ago), and a period where we have reasonable estimates of the radiative forcing (albedo changes from ice sheets and vegetation changes, greenhouse gas concentrations (derived from ice cores) and an increase in the atmospheric dust load) and temperature changes.

re 454 wili — of course, introducing additional feedbacks like vegetation albedo (boreal forests replacing tundra) and methane hydrate / clathrate, etc, could concievably make it runaway — again, limited by C reservoir and land area / latitude ranges (and some places would probably see a surface albedo increase).

You seem to hold to those arguments that all this heat increase in the total system since the late 1800s has come at least mostly from a never - ending increase of heat into the system via either a posited increased output from the sun or a posited decreased albedo.

However, simulations using the relatively straightforward «direct effect» of aerosols (the increase in albedo of the planet due to the particle brightness) do not match the inferred changes.