Sentences with phrase «increased cerebellar»

Our results show that the CKCS has a relatively larger cerebellum than small breed dogs and Labradors and provide evidence that increased cerebellar volume in CKCS is associated with crowding of cerebellum in the caudal part of the CCF.

CKCS had a relatively larger Cerebellar volume (and a similar brainstem volume) when compared to small breed dogs and Labradors, supporting hypothesis i)(that CKCS have increased cerebellar volume compared to other breeds of dog).

Our findings show that the CKCS has a relatively larger cerebellum than small breed dogs and Labradors and there is an association between increased cerebellar volume and SM in CKCS.

Moreover, Cavalier King Charles spaniels have relatively increased cerebellar volume compared to other breeds and overcrowding of the cerebellum in the caudal part of the caudal cranial fossa is correlated with the development of syringomyelia [6]--[9].

In this study we found that CKCS under the age of 2 with SM (the CM / SM group) have an increased cerebellar volume when compared to CKCS over the age of 5 without SM.

In contrast to small breed dogs and Labradors, CKCS exhibit correlation between increased cerebellar volume and cerebellar crowding within the caudal CCF, suggesting that CCF growth in CKCS is not keeping pace with the growth of the cerebellum.

We found that increased cerebellar volume in the CKCS is correlated with crowding of the cerebellum in the caudal CCF and this is not seen in Labradors or small breed dogs.

In our study we tested the hypothesis that this crowding was due to increased cerebellar volume.

We also found in CKCS that cerebellar crowding in the caudal CCF is more sensitive to changes in relative cerebellar volume than cerebellar crowding in the rostral CCF, which is consistent with the theory that increased cerebellar volume results in the cerebellum shifting caudally and causes obliteration of dead space in the caudal CCF.

Our findings support the hypotheses that CKCS have increased cerebellar volume compared to other breeds and that increased cerebellar volume in CKCS is linked to the development of SM.

Not exact matches

The mechanism underlying the lack of an effect of MP in cerebellar DV in abusers is unclear but could reflect the effects of chronic marijuana on cerebrovascular reactivity (increased cerebral vascular resistance)(23 ⇓ — 25), which might have prevented MP - induced vasoconstriction and associated reductions in radiotracer delivery to the brain.

The main limitation of this study was the inadequacy of BPND for comparing the DA increases between controls and marijuana abusers due to the group differences on the effects of MP on cerebellar DV.

Note that attenuated decreases in cerebellar DV with MP in the marijuana abusers could result in an overestimation of their DA increases, reflecting an apparent lower striatal - DV / cerebellar - DV ratio (BPND) with MP (see below).

Because the DV in cerebellum was not decreased by MP in marijuana abusers but was decreased in controls, this would result in an overestimation of the decrease in BPND with MP (cerebellar denominator would have a relatively larger value) and an overestimation of DA increases in marijuana abusers compared with controls.

Repeated intermittent alcohol exposure during the third trimester - equivalent increases expression of the GABA < sub > A receptor δ subunit in cerebellar granule neurons and delays motor development in rats.

Repeated intermittent alcohol exposure during the third trimester - equivalent increases expression of the GABA A receptor δ subunit in cerebellar granule neurons and delays motor development in rats.

Our results support hypothesis iii) which states that in CKCS an increase in relative cerebellar volume is correlated with an increase in cerebellar crowding in the caudal CCF.

Citation: Shaw TA, McGonnell IM, Driver CJ, Rusbridge C, Volk HA (2012) Increase in Cerebellar Volume in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with Chiari - like Malformation and Its Role in the Development of Syringomyelia.

Furthermore, the degree of cerebellar crowding in the caudal CCF is correlated with increased volume of the cerebellum in CKCS and this is not seen in small breed dogs or Labradors.