Sentences with phrase «increased expression»

One of the serine / threonine protein kinases (JGI ID: 432478) was upregulated nearly sevenfold in the future ocean condition treatment, whereas a phosphoinositide phospholipase C (JGI ID: 95985) increased expression sixfold (see electronic supplementary material, table S5).

We detected an increase in metabolic rate in delta smelt at 20 °C and increased expression of genes involved in metabolic processes and protein synthesis, patterns not observed in longfin smelt.

And regrettably, nothing is more certain to provoke increased expression of their latent predispositions than the likes of «multicultural education,» bilingual policies, and non-assimilation.»

«All the available evidence indicates that exposure to difference, talking about difference, and applauding difference — the hallmarks of liberal democracy — are the surest ways to aggravate those who are innately intolerant,» Haidt quotes Stenner, «and to guarantee the increased expression of their predispositions in manifestly intolerant attitudes and behaviors.»

However, the long - term effects of caffeine intake on glucose metabolism are unknown, and beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity through increased expression of uncoupling proteins have also been suggested (12).

The normal - protein group also saw decreased gene expression of genes associated with oxidative stress, while the high - protein group increased the expression of genes associated with oxidative stress.

Loss of mitochondrial function at the start of disease expression was accompanied by the increased expression of a key astrocytic glycolytic enzyme.

A recent in vitro study showed that incorporating a greater extent (2-fold) of TFA in the phospholipid fraction of endothelial cells significantly increased the expression of endothelial adhesion molecules, including ICAM - 1 (25).

Since this study was conducted, it appears the reasons for the improvements in glucose tolerance were due to the increased expression of glucose transporter type 4.

[1] It also can cause increased expression of the NQ01 gene.

Induction of autophagy by lithium was matched by increased expression of PTEN (the phosphatase acting on PIP3) and a marked reduction in the SER473 phosphorylation of Akt (data not shown).

Furthermore, increased expression of some genes could be an indirect result of suppression of others, said Gabel.

All four resistant strains showed significantly increased expression of a single miRNA, hco - miR - 9551, compared to the susceptible strain.

This respiratory burst was associated with increased expression of cytosolic components of the NADPH oxidase complex.

These data also add further support to the activation or ER and Notch signaling in hypoxia with increased expression of ER and Notch target genes (highlighted in Table 1) in the ER - positive lines.

Gross, C., Chang, C. - W., Kelly, S.M., Bhattacharya, A., McBride, S.M.J., Molinaro, G., Raj, N., Allen, A.G., Whyte, A.J., Danielson, S.W., Jiang, M.Q., Chan, C. - B., Ye, K., Gibson, J.R., Klann, E., Jongens, T.A., Moberg, K.H., Gourley, S.L., Huber, K.M., and Bassell, G.J. (2015) Increased expression of the PI3K enhancer PIKE mediates deficits in synaptic plasticity and behavior in fragile X syndrome.

Interestingly, they found that infection with the Asian strain of Zika virus triggered a stronger innate immune system response than the African strain, including increased expression of the gene TP53.

Increased expression of genes such as ABCG2 (37), CD44 (32), DNER (38) and ALDH1 (30), and decreased expression of ESR1 (34) support the use of this CSC enrichment method as all of these changes are expected in a CSC - enriched population.

In adipose tissue, CNR1 signaling leads to increased expression of SREBF1, ACACA and FASN genes (PubMed: 15864349).

However, this increase in intrinsic resistance correlated with increased expression of JAK1 protein and RNA levels (Online Supplementary Figure S4C and D).

In one set of experiments, when the scientists boosted insulin resistance by giving mice a compound that cuts insulin signaling, they saw increased expression of several markers of aging in beta cells.

Over a decade since this original study, it is now generally accepted that physical activity benefits the brain potentially through the increased expression of the brain - derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).

-- We have shown that the genetic change causing fibromelanosis is a complex rearrangement that leads to increased expression of Endothelin 3, a gene which is known for promoting the growth of pigment cells, explains Ben Dorshorst the post-doctoral researcher responsible for the work.

Increased expression of transcription factor ATF2 — which is required for the amino acid depletion responses of genes such as ATF3, CHOP, SARS and 4EBP - 1 — is mediated by a signal transduction pathway that appears to involve an amino acid sensing GPR [37].

In mouse studies, RG3039 increased the expression of SMN in central nervous system tissue by only about 50 % — a «pretty modest» amount, admits Rusche.

In mouse models in which the endogenous Smn1 gene has been knocked out and human versions of SMN2 have been swapped in, the Isis therapy — a so - called «antisense oligonucleotide» — delivered to the mouse central nervous system (CNS) increased the expression of full - length SMN protein in motor neurons, improved muscle strength in behavioral tests and extended the rodents» median lifespan from 16 days to 26 days3.

Two thirds of the animals showed equivalent expression values but the remaining five had increased expression levels up to ten fold higher than the mean expression across all animals (Figure S2C).

Gene amplification usually leads to increased expression of the encoded protein in cells.

In addition, well - characterized expression profiles for melanoma cells have been identified that correlate highly proliferative cell states with increased expression for pathways regulated by the lineage - specific transcription factors SOX10 and MITF; conversely, migratory / invasive cell states have been correlated with TGFβ1 signaling pathways.

Increased expression of inflammatory cytokines correlates with higher tumor grade, greater metastatic potential, and higher incidence of resistance to treatment, all of which predict a poorer survival.

Specifically, a mouse paradigm that mimics binge alcohol drinking in humans produced a robust reduction in BDNF mRNA levels in the medial PFC (mPFC), which was associated with increased expression of several miRNAs including miR - 30a - 5p.

These techniques and functional analysis of the resulting data revealed a number of up - and down - regulated proteins and mRNAs; i.e., up - regulated by a signal (originating internal or external to the cell) that results in increased expression of one or more genes and as a result the protein (s) encoded by those genes, and down - regulated by a process resulting in decreased gene and corresponding protein expression.

Inactivation of ABL kinases inhibited the expression of the TAZ target gene AXL, which shows increased expression in several human cancers and correlates with poor prognosis, increased invasiveness and metastasis, and enhanced drug resistance (53, 54).

When they also looked for human genes with significantly higher or lower expression levels, they found 14 genes with increased expression and five with decreased expression.

Additionally, we... found increased expression levels of genes that are considered to be associated with AD (BACE2, RCAN1, ETS2, TMED10), as compared to healthy controls.

We found that 180 genes showed significantly decreased expression and 40 genes showed significantly increased expression in ABL1 / ABL2 knockdown cells (fig.

found increased expression levels of genes that are considered to be associated with AD (BACE2, RCAN1, ETS2, TMED10), as compared to healthy controls.

Increased expression of Cd11b - a marker of macrophages [38] seen with L - arginine admininistration in WNIN / Gr - Ob rats, might be due to increased influx of inflammatory cells in the exocrine fraction via adhesion molecules [17].

L - arginine treatment induced increased expression of IL - 6 and IL - 1β (immunohistochemistry) in islets of WNIN / Gr - Ob rats compared to controls rats.

These experiments revealed found that Aβ added to neurons grown in culture increased the expression of collagen VI and that this process involved the immune regulatory cytokine TGFβ.

They found a combination that did just that — increased expression of PDI1, decreased expression of MNN9, and deletion of PMR1 led to the highest yield of EGII.

Generation of a Th2 microenvironment through interleukin - 13 (IL - 13) stimulation induced features of asthmatic airways and induced vascular wall activation through increased expression of E - and P - Selectin, but did not alter rhinovirus growth.

We also identified a «meditation effect» within the regular meditator group, characterized by a distinct network of genes with cellular functions that may be relevant to healthy aging, and this network was associated with increased expression of a number of telomere maintenance pathway genes and an increase in measured telomerase enzymatic activity.

Growth factors, such as EGR3 also have an increased expression from 4 hr to later on (Fig. 2d, Supplementary Fig. 8).

Pozhitkov et al. 29 described an increased expression of epigenetic regulatory genes, hypothesizing that the activation of these genes reveals the nucleosomes and allows for the later transcription of developmental genes that have no early expression.

The increased expression of EGII was beyond what any of the three did on their own.

Eid T, Hammer J, Runden - Pran E, Roberg B, Thomas MJ, Osen K, Davanger S, Laake P, Torgner IA, Lee TS, Kim JH, Spencer DD, Ottersen OP, de Lanerolle NC (2006) Increased expression of phosphate - activated glutaminase in hippocampal neurons in human mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.

Two alpha globin genes, HBA1 and HBA2, involved in the transport of oxygen from the lung to the peripheral tissues, show an increased expression in several tissues but not in blood, where they are the most expressed genes (Fig. 2d).

In diabetic rat models, female mesenteric arteries show greater abnormal vascular responses demonstrated by greater impairment of acetycholin - induced relaxation and an increased expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase.

Increased Expression of Enzymes for Sphingosine 1 - Phosphate Turnover and Signaling in Human Decidua During Late Pregnancy.