Sentences with phrase «increased ozone concentrations»

Not exact matches

According to previous simulations, UV - B radiation at the end of the Permian may have increased from a background level of 10 kilojoules (just above current ambient levels) to as much as 100 kilojoules, due to large concentrations of ozone - damaging halogens spewed from volcanoes (SN: 1/15/11, p. 12).

Tropospheric ozone — a greenhouse gas and the kind that affects the air we breathe — can increase in concentration because of atmospheric conditions, or can result from human activities.

Ammonia is an abundant constituent in motor vehicle emissions, and its conversion to nitrogen oxides could result in increases in harmful ozone concentrations.

«The increased use of clean energy sources that do not emit greenhouse gases or conventional air pollutants... would be doubly beneficial to global food security, as they do not contribute to either climate change or increased surface - ozone concentrations,» she said.

The data showed that high traffic intensity, ozone exposure and 8 - iso concentration increased the risk of current asthma.

Increased incidence of cardio - respiratory diseases caused by higher concentrations of ground - level ozone (smog) is projected.

• increases in malnutrition and consequent disorders, with implications for child growth and development; • increased deaths, disease and injury due to heat waves, floods, storms, fires and droughts; • the increased burden of diarrheal disease; • the increased frequency of cardio - respiratory diseases due to higher concentrations of ground - level ozone related to climate change; and, • the altered spatial distribution of some infectious disease vectors.

Increased polar stratospheric ozone losses and delayed eventual recovery owing to increasing greenhouse - gas concentration.

The stratospheric cooling that takes place when GHG concentrations are increased is independent of the ozone heating.

But then the other thing going on is those same protons run to the closing isobars of the earth EMF away from the tropics, and there reduce ozone, and create over time a concentration of ozone over the tropics, thereby increasing the intensity of the ITCZ and increasing tropical storm probabilities, as the wind then wanes under 500.

The Imperial College London researchers cautioned that even plants that can take advantage of higher CO2 levels could be harmed by other climate change impacts, such as increased temperature and ozone concentration.

In his World Day of Peace Message in 1990, St. Pope John Paul II said, «The gradual depletion of the ozone layer and the related «greenhouse effect» has now reached crisis proportions as a consequence of industrial growth, massive urban concentrations and vastly increased energy needs.»

The leading mode of southern hemisphere (SH) climatic variability, the southern annular mode (SAM), has recently seen a shift towards its positive phase due to stratospheric ozone depletion and increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations.

Their central estimate suggests that a 10 ppb (parts per billion) decrease in ozone concentration increases worker productivity by 4.2 percent.

During the period of summer ozone recovery (2000 — 2050), the SAM index exhibits weakly negative, statistically insignificant trends due to stratospheric ozone recovery which offsets the positive forcing imposed by increasing GHG concentrations.

Other effects include an altered burden of water - borne diseases; an increased frequency of cardio - respiratory illness due to higher concentrations of ground level ozone, and the movement of some infectious disease carriers into new regions.

«The increased risk of ozone damage to vegetation is mainly due to rising ozone concentrations and higher temperatures in the future,» says Jenny Klingberg at the University of Gothenburg's Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences.

Increased polar stratospheric ozone losses and delayed eventual recovery due to increasing greenhouse gas concentrations.

Lee, Y., D. Shindell, G. Faluvegi, M. Wenig, Y. Lam, Z. Ning, S. Hao, and C. Lai, 2015: Increase of ozone concentrations, its temperature sensitivity and the precursor factor in South China.

Heat, flood and drought - related mortality and morbidity may increase; changes in the distribution of plant species and animals are likely to contribute to changing ranges of infectious diseases and allergic disorders; higher concentrations of ground - level ozone and particulate matter in urban areas may increase the frequency of cardio - respiratory and cardio - vascular diseases.

-- The second, being the observed change of some trees» CO2 - enhanced growth storing more carbon in their standing wood, is of very limited potential and is not rising at anywhere near the rate of the countervailing increase since 1980 of the impacts on forests of droughts, heat waves and surface ozone concentrations in terms of growth - suppression and of pests, ailments, dieback and rising frequency, duration and intensity of wildfires.

By increasing these different factors, climate change is projected to lead to increased concentrations of ozone and particulate matter in some regions.

Moonbats: «Jacobson found that domes of increased carbon dioxide concentrations — discovered to form above cities more than a decade ago — cause local temperature increases that in turn increase the amounts of local air pollutants, raising concentrations of health - damaging ground - level ozone as well as particles in urban air.»

* 20 to 30 % of plant and animal species likely to be at increased risk of extinction * many millions more people than today projected to experience floods every year due to sea level rise * increases in malnutrition; increased deaths, diseases and injury due to extreme weather events; increased burden of diarrhoeal diseases; increased frequency of cardio - respiratory diseases due to higher concentrations of ground - level ozone in urban areas * hundreds of millions of people exposed to increased water stress

«increases in malnutrition; increased deaths, diseases and injury due to extreme weather events; increased burden of diarrhoeal diseases; increased frequency of cardio - respiratory diseases due to higher concentrations of ground - level ozone in urban areas»

Plus, concentrations of ozone and particulate matter in the air (which contribute to asthma and allergy attacks) will increase.

This study of course does not take away very different concerns related to stratospheric aerosol SRM geoengineering, like possible damage to the ozone layer [which in turn would be good news if you hate waiting for that spring tan] and the fact that allowing CO2 concentrations to keep rising presents other problems, like the necessity to never stop with the active process of SRM geoengineering, and increasing ecological damage caused by ocean acidification.

At the same time, increased use of domestic natural gas has helped reduce ozone concentrations in the air by 17 percent since 2005:

Long - term trends in the upper atmosphere - ionosphere are a complex problem due to simultaneous presence of several drivers of trends, which behave in a different way: increasing atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases, mainly CO2, long - term changes of geomagnetic and solar activity, secular change of the Earth's main magnetic field, remarkable long - term changes of stratospheric ozone concentration, and very probably long - term changes of atmospheric dynamics, particularly of atmospheric wave activity (Lastovicka 2009; Qian et al. 2011; Lastovicka et al. 2012).

Whereas CO2 concentration is quasi-steadily increasing, other drivers change their trends with time even to opposite (solar and geomagnetic activity, stratospheric ozone), or change trends with location (Earth's main magnetic field), or with latitude (geomagnetic activity), or are largely unknown but probably unstable in space and time (atmospheric winds and waves).

6 Ice age — time in the past when continental glaciers covered large parts of Earth's surface Global warming — a gradual increase in the temperature of Earth's atmosphere Greenhouse gas — Gases in the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide, that trap solar energy Ozone hole — a large area of reduced ozone concentration in the stratosphere, found over Antarctica Chlorofluorocarbon — chlorine compounds that are the main cause of ozone depletion KEY Ozone hole — a large area of reduced ozone concentration in the stratosphere, found over Antarctica Chlorofluorocarbon — chlorine compounds that are the main cause of ozone depletion KEY ozone concentration in the stratosphere, found over Antarctica Chlorofluorocarbon — chlorine compounds that are the main cause of ozone depletion KEY ozone depletion KEY TERMS

During extreme heat events, nighttime temperatures in the region's big cities are generally several degrees higher28 than surrounding regions, leading to increased heat - related death among those less able to recover from the heat of the day.36 Since the hottest days in the Northeast are often associated with high concentrations of ground - level ozone and other pollutants, 37 the combination of heat stress and poor air quality can pose a major health risk to vulnerable groups: young children, the elderly, and those with pre-existing health conditions including asthma.29 Vulnerability is further increased as key infrastructure, including electricity for potentially life - saving air conditioning, is more likely to fail precisely when it is most needed — when demand exceeds available supply.

Apart from black carbon, over-concentrations of nitrous oxide and methane also concern the scientists as the larger - than - expected concentration of both these gases can contribute to increasing the heat and thinning the ozone layer.

7 Global Warming An increase in global temperatures due to increases in the concentrations of greenhouse gases Increased CO 2 concentrations exerts largest radiative forcing (i.e., explains bulk of temperature increase) NOT CAUSED BY STRATOSPHERIC OZONE DEPLETION

Finally, the implications of the seasonality, timing, and spatial patterns of Antarctic temperature trends with respect to interpreting the relative roles of stratospheric ozone depletion, SSTs and increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gasses are discussed.

Concentrations of ground level ozone could increase as air temperatures rise, causing respiratory illnesses, especially in urban areas, to increase.

Pope John Paul II in 1990, warned in a speech about the ozone layer and the greenhouse effect because of» industrial growth, massive urban concentrations and vastly increased energy needs.»

That increase will have a disproportionately large impact on vegetation because ozone concentrations in many locations will rise above the critical level where adverse effects are observed in plants and ecosystems.

Atmospheric concentrations of LLGHGs have increased (see Chapter 2) and are expected to continue to increase, with consequences for the ozone layer.

methane concentrations have been increasing in the atmosphere... but NASA do not include it among their 5 indicators of Global Warming (Sea Level, Arctic Sea Ice, Atmospheric CO2 Concentration, Global Surface Temperature, Ozone Hole).

Shindell, D.T., D. Rind, and P. Lonergan, 1998: Increased polar stratospheric ozone losses and delayed eventual recovery owing to increasing greenhouse - gas concentrations.

Ku, W. Solecki, J. Cox, C. Small, C. Rosenzweig, R. Goldberg, K. Knowlton, and P. Kinney, 2007: Estimating the effects of increased urbanization on surface meteorology and ozone concentrations in the New York City metropolitan region.

An increase in the concentrations of LLGHGs, especially CO2, cools the stratosphere, allowing the possibility of more PSCs, and alters the ozone distribution (Rosenlof et al., 2001; Rosenfield et al., 2002; Randel et al., 2004, 2006; Fueglistaler and Haynes, 2005).

High ozone levels downstream of pollution sources can cause elevated OH radical concentrations, which in turn increases the concentration of condensable species and thus the potential for nucleation.

Since a large body of evidence links pollution with poor health, and health is an important part of human capital, efforts to reduce pollution could plausibly be viewed as an investment in human capital and thus a tool for promoting economic growth... We find robust evidence that ozone levels well below federal air quality standards have a significant impact on productivity: a 10 ppb decrease in ozone concentrations increases worker productivity by 4.2 percent.

«Thanks in part to the increased use of domestic natural gas, ozone concentrations in the air have dropped by 17 percent since 2000, all of which makes the United States not just an energy superpower, but also a leader in reducing global emissions.