Sentences with phrase «increases human exposure»

Sleeping with a dog increases human exposure to these parasites and vector - borne diseases.

Not exact matches

However, shareholders will need to decide if this increased disclosure is sufficient to allow them to assess the company's exposure to sustainability and human rights related risks.

However as my exposure to your writing increased I started to think that what you were describing as «Church» related problems were in fact fundamental characteristics of human nature.

A fact sheet from the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), indicates that about 90 % of exposure for humans is due to eating contaminated food, since dioxins and furans typically accumulate in the fatty tissues of fish and animals that are exposed when these by - products are released into the water and air during manufacturing.2 Dioxin is not metabolized in our bodies, and is passed to our children through the placenta and breastfeeding.3 Sodium Polyacrylate - Super Absorbent Polymers While actual contact with disposable diapers does not contribute to dioxin accumulation in your baby, your baby's bottom does come in contact with chemicals used to increase the absorbency of the diapers.

EGF, TGF - alpha, and human milk stimulate fetal small intestinal cell proliferation in vitro, with the greatest increase in cell proliferation seen following exposure to human milk.

In animal models, exposure to cigarette smoke or nicotine during fetal development alters the expression of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in areas of the brainstem important for autonomic function, 28 alters the neuronal excitability of neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius (a brainstem region important for sensory integration), 29 and alters fetal autonomic activity and medullary neurotransmitter receptors.30 In human infants, there are strong associations between nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and serotonin receptors in the brainstem during development.31 Prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke attenuates recovery from hypoxia in preterm infants, 32 decreases heart rate variability in preterm33 and term34 infants, and abolishes the normal relationship between heart rate and gestational age at birth.33 Moreover, infants of smoking mothers exhibit impaired arousal patterns to trigeminal stimulation in proportion to urinary cotinine levels.35 It is important to note also that prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke alters the normal programming of cardiovascular reflexes such that there is a greater - than - expected increase in blood pressure and heart rate in response to breathing 4 % carbon dioxide or a 60 ° head - up tilt.36 These changes in autonomic function, arousal, and cardiovascular reflexes might all increase an infant's vulnerability to SIDS.

Several epidemiological studies have suggested that exposure to antibiotics during the peripartum period (late pregnancy and the nursing period after birth) increases the risk for IBD in humans.

While tougher regulations have driven lead levels down globally since the 1990s, mercury levels in the North Pacific Ocean have increased 30 percent over the last 20 years, potentially putting humans at higher risk of exposure from seafood (See «Made in China: Our Toxic, Imported Air Pollution»).

Fungicides «are typically applied as mixtures in order to increase effectiveness and prevent development of resistant strains and therefore, human exposure to mixtures of these in vitro anti-androgens may be considerable,» wrote Kortenkamp and the other study authors, Frances Orton, Erika Rosivatz and Martin Scholze.

The boost in these human - associated microbes could increase transmission of potential pathogens and decrease exposure to potentially beneficial environmental microbes.

The treaty has helped the layer begin the slow process of healing, lessening the impact to human health from increased exposure to damaging solar radiation.

However, numerous human studies showing a causal association between TCE exposure and an increased risk for kidney cancer have led NTP to reevaluate and reclassify TCE as known to be a human carcinogen.

But there is little doubt that human exposure has increased along with a sharp increase in the herbicide

And in tracking human disease patterns, she's established a clear link between such low - dose chronic exposure and increases in high blood pressure and heart disease.

«Thus, exposure to EDCs may significantly increase the risk of breast cancer development and adversely affect human health,» the researchers state in the paper.

In small studies of humans, exposure to this compound was associated with an increased risk of the blood cancer non-Hodgkin lymphoma, but the HHS said it considered the evidence too limited to call pentachlorophenol a known carcinogen.

«Our research provides the first direct evidence that exposure to BPA during development, at the levels we see in our day - to - day lives, increases the risk for prostate cancer in human prostate tissue,» Prins said.

Early exposure to BPA (bisphenol A)-- an additive commonly found in plastic water bottles and soup can liners — causes an increased cancer risk in an animal model of human prostate cancer, according to University of Illinois at Chicago researcher Gail Prins.

PFOA exposure increases the risk of certain tumors in rodents, though it's unclear whether it raises the risk of cancer in humans.

However, people with higher levels before exposure had smaller increases, suggesting there could be a limit that humans can achieve naturally.

The health risks posed by PAHs are a real concern for humans, because they can cause cancer, and the potential for exposure is increasing.

«Although these articles concentrate on the US regulatory landscape, they offer an important message that is relevant worldwide: as our understanding of the harmful effects of a combination of chemicals at low concentrations and throughout the human lifespan increases, scientists must re-examine long - held beliefs regarding the relationship between exposure and effect, and ensure that policy makers understand the significance of these findings.»

Using studies in both mice and humans, they found that exposure to farm dust increases expression of a protective protein that suppresses the inflammatory immune system by modifying the communication between the lining of the lungs and the immune system.

Dr. Craft advocates for policies that increase energy efficiency, reduce exposure to toxic compounds, and improve human health.

Through our current campaign, Our Common Waters, and with exposure to increased oil and gas development near our homes and communities, we have grown concerned about hydraulic fracturing (commonly called «fracking») and its impact on water, air, soil, wildlife habitat, and human health.

Three recent experimental studies focused on low consumption / exposure.949596 In one study, 29 smokers each consumed a single cigarette, immediately after which they had a significant decrease in blood vessel output power and significant increase in blood vessel ageing level and remaining blood volume 25 minutes later, as markers of atherosclerosis.94 In another study, human coronary artery endothelial cells were exposed to the smoke equivalent to one cigarette, which led to activation of oxidant stress sensing transcription factor NFR2 and up - regulation of cytochrome p450, considered to have a role in the development of heart disease.95 These effects were not seen when heart cells were exposed to the vapour from one e - cigarette.95 A study exposed adult mice to low intensity tobacco smoke (two cigarettes) for one to two months and found adverse histopathological effects on brain cells.96

Increasing use of silver nanoparticles (Ag - NPs) in various products is resulting in a greater likelihood of human exposure to these materials.

Recent reports show increased CSC activity following hypoxic exposure in breast cancer cell lines (18 — 20), but no reports have studied this rare population in primary human breast cancer samples.

Moreover, as pointed out by Johnston et al. [17], the increasing importance of Ag - NPs in the development of novel consumer materials intended for human exposure requires more in depth studies on toxicity mechanisms, as well as, on how silver particles interact with biological molecules and how different surface modifications can be used to reduce or eliminate possible toxic effects.

Silver nanoparticles (Ag - NPs) in particular, show excellent anti-microbial properties and therefore are rapidly being incorporated into a wide array of consumer products such as textiles, cosmetics or packaging materials, increasing the likelihood of human and environmental exposure [3], [4].

There is also now abundant research that links BPA and phthalate exposure to such human health concerns as deformities of the male and female genitals; premature puberty in females; decreased sperm quality; and increases in breast and prostate cancers, infertility, miscarriages, obesity, type 2 diabetes, allergies and neurological problems, like attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Exposure to common food additive carrageenan leads to reduced sulfatase activity and increase in sulfated glycosaminoglycans in human epithelial cells Check out this book: Excitotoxins: The Taste That Kills

Animal studies have shown that exposure to acrylamide increases the risk of several types of cancer, and the International Agency for Research on Cancer considers acrylamide a «probable human carcinogen.»

The World Health Organization and United Nations this year concluded: «Exposure to E.D.C.s during fetal development and puberty plays a role in the increased incidences of reproductive diseases, endocrine - related cancers, behavioral and learning problems, including A.D.H.D., infections, asthma, and perhaps obesity and diabetes in humans.»

The delicate balance between the human microbiome and the development of psychopathologies is particularly interesting given the ease with which the microbiome can be altered by external factors, such as diet, 23 exposure to antimicrobials24, 25 or disrupted sleep patterns.26 For example, a link between antibiotic exposure and altered brain function is well evidenced by the psychiatric side - effects of antibiotics, which range from anxiety and panic to major depression, psychosis and delirium.1 A recent large population study reported that treatment with a single antibiotic course was associated with an increased risk for depression and anxiety, rising with multiple exposures.27 Bercik et al. 28 showed that oral administration of non-absorbable antimicrobials transiently altered the composition of the gut microbiota in adult mice and increased exploratory behaviour and hippocampal expression of brain - derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), while intraperitoneal administration had no effect on behaviour.

«The chronic exposure to high levels of ROS is associated with the development and / or progression of pathophysiological processes, and implicated in an increasing number of human diseases, such as cardiovascular, metabolic, inflammatory and neurogenerative diseases, cancer as well as muscle atrophy and the ageing process.»

Human epidemiological studies show no increase in pulmonary disease in occupational populations with chronic exposures to borate dust and no effect on fertility.»

Light exposure increases serotonin in humans, and serotonin levels are lowest in midwinter, and higher on bright days no matter what time of year.

An immune - suppressed cat can increase an immune - suppressed human's exposure to infectious agents and vice versa.

There is documented proof that loss of melanin in the hearing apparatus of the ear (Cochlea) increases the rate of hearing loss from both loud noise exposure and aging loss in humans.

«The increase in the cases of human rabies exposure from feral cats should be a concern to city and other government officials.

The rabies vaccine is important because this increasing threat can lead to human exposure if not controlled.

Our human poison control colleagues identified a huge increase in exposures to the laundry pods likely because of how candy like they appear to children.

Opponents argue that sharks will, after enough exposure, learn to associate human presence with the possibility of food, which can potentially increase the risk of shark attacks.

Among the risks the continent faces are reductions in food security and agricultural productivity, particularly regarding subsistence agriculture, increased water stress and, as a result of these and the potential for increased exposure to disease and other health risks, increased risks to human health.»

For example, although there are numerous benefits to urban greening, such as reducing the urban heat island effect while simultaneously promoting an active healthy lifestyle, 248,310,311 the urban planting of certain allergenic pollen producing species22 could increase human pollen exposure and allergic illness.

More than 20 million people in the Midwest experience air quality that fails to meet national ambient air quality standards.14 Degraded air quality due to human - induced emissions66 and increased pollen season duration67 are projected to be amplified with higher temperatures, 68 and pollution and pollen exposures, in addition to heat waves, can harm human health (Ch.

Potential impacts of climate change on the transmission of Lyme disease include: 1) changes in the geographic distribution of the disease due to the increase in favorable habitat for ticks to survive off their hosts; 85 2) a lengthened transmission season due to earlier onset of higher temperatures in the spring and later onset of cold and frost; 3) higher tick densities leading to greater risk in areas where the disease is currently observed, due to milder winters and potentially larger rodent host populations; and 4) changes in human behaviors, including increased time outdoors, which may increase the risk of exposure to infected ticks.

The report concluded that Marcellus Shale gas production has become more common near places essential for everyday life in West Virginia, increasing the potential for human exposure to toxic chemicals.

Many decision makers, particularly in the United States and Canada, have the financial, human and institutional capacity to invest in resilience, yet a trend of rising losses from extremes has been evident across the continent (Figure 26 - 2), largely due to socio - economic factors, including a growing population, equity issues and increased property value in areas of high exposure.