In - hospital formula use
increases early breastfeeding cessation among first - time mothers intending to exclusively breastfeed
Not exact matches
The Academy of
Breastfeeding Medicine [1] recommends that healthy term
breastfed babies need very little per feeding in the
early days — 1/2 ounce or less per feeding in the first 24 hours, and slowly
increasing to 1 - 2 ounces per feeding by day 4.
If your supply seems low in the
early days, just know that as your
breastfeeding routine becomes established, your supply will
increase to meet your baby's needs, especially if you nurse your baby frequently.
I have spent 20 years at Baby Milk Action working to protect all mothers and I think the suggestion that
increasing breastfeeding rates is just a matter of persuasion misunderstands why so many mothers stop
breastfeeding early.
Breast milk is a critical source of energy and nutrients during illness and reduces mortality among children who are malnourished.3 It reduces the risk of a number of acute and chronic diseases in
early childhood and has long - term benefits for cardio - vascular health.4 In the context of HIV,
early cessation of
breastfeeding after six months is associated with
increased serious morbidity, growth faltering, and
increased mortality.5
This started as
early as 1970 and aims to amplify as well as
increase the number of moms who
breastfeed.
These benefits include but are not limited to the power of the human touch and presence, of being surrounded by supportive people of a family's own choosing, security in birthing in a familiar and comfortable environment of home, feeling less inhibited in expressing unique responses to labor (such as making sounds, moving freely, adopting positions of comfort, being intimate with her partner, nursing a toddler, eating and drinking as needed and desired, expressing or practicing individual cultural, value and faith based rituals that enhance coping)-- all of which can lead to easier labors and births, not having to make a decision about when to go to the hospital during labor (going too
early can slow progress and
increase use of the cascade of risky interventions, while going too late can be intensely uncomfortable or even lead to a risky unplanned birth en route), being able to choose how and when to include children (who are making their own adjustments and are less challenged by a lengthy absence of their parents and excessive interruptions of family routines), enabling uninterrupted family boding and
breastfeeding, huge cost savings for insurance companies and those without insurance, and
increasing the likelihood of having a deeply empowering and profoundly positive, life changing pregnancy and birth experience.
Despite the argument that «breast is best» and introducing a bottle can cause nipple confusion or make babies «lazy» at the breast, a study published in Pediatrics concluded that
early supplementing may actually
increase the duration of your
breastfeeding journey.
Although
early research appeared to show that
breastfeeding increases the risk of mother - to - child transmission of HIV, recent studies which clearly define «
breastfeeding» show no additional risk of MTCT of HIV through exclusive
breastfeeding over not
breastfeeding at all.
Early cessation of
breastfeeding or not
breastfeeding was associated with an
increased risk of maternal postpartum depression.
Then in the
early 2000s, the rate of
breastfeeding began
increasing rapidly.
This tactic was created by the formula companies to prey on the fears of new moms and to
increase the rate of
early supplementation which can actually lead to
breastfeeding failure.
Indeed, a long duration of
breastfeeding (> 7 months) has been associated with a reduced risk of overweight and obesity, 2 while a short duration (≤ 4 months) may not be sufficient to obtain the beneficial effects of
breastfeeding.3 Another confounding factor is
early exposure to antibiotics, which is
increasing even for minor infections.
There is
increasing evidence that suggests that
early skin - to - skin contact (also called kangaroo care) between mother and baby stimulates
breastfeeding behavior in the baby.
Although not directly comparable, our findings are in broad agreement with those from routine data in Scotland that have indicated a positive association between Baby Friendly accreditation, but not certification, and
breastfeeding at 1 week of age.17 Our findings reinforce those of Coutinho and colleagues who reported that high exclusive
breastfeeding rates achieved in Brazilian hospitals implementing staff training with the course content of the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative were short - lived and not sustained at home unless implemented in combination with post-natal home visits.35 Similarly in Italy, training of staff with an adapted version of the Baby Friendly course content resulted in high
breastfeeding rates at discharge, with a rapid decrease in the days after leaving hospital.36 In contrast, a cluster randomized trial in Belarus (PROBIT) found an association between an intervention modelled on the Baby Friendly Initiative with an
increased duration of
breastfeeding37 an association also reported from an observational study in Germany.38 Mothers in Belarus stay in hospital post-partum for 6 — 7 days, and in Germany for 5 days, with post-natal support likely to be particularly important in countries where mothers stay in the hospital for a shorter time, with
early discharge likely to limit the influence of a hospital - based intervention.
Newborns should be nursed whenever they show signs of hunger, such as
increased alertness or activity, mouthing, or rooting.85 Crying is a late indicator of hunger.86 Newborns should be nursed approximately 8 to 12 times every 24 hours until satiety, usually 10 to 15 minutes on each breast.87, 88 In the
early weeks after birth, nondemanding babies should be aroused to feed if 4 hours have elapsed since the last nursing.89, 90 Appropriate initiation of
breastfeeding is facilitated by continuous rooming - in.91 Formal evaluation of
breastfeeding performance should be undertaken by trained observers and fully documented in the record during the first 24 to 48 hours after delivery and again at the
early follow - up visit, which should occur 48 to 72 hours after discharge.
In the Healthy People 2000 report, the US Secretary of Health and Human Services set new goals to «
increase to at least 75 % the proportion of mothers who
breastfeed their babies into
early postpartum period, and to at least 50 % the proportion who continue
breastfeeding until their babies are 5 to 6 months old.»
Additionally, it has been shown that
early discharge of low - weight infants (at 4 pounds or less), leads to faster weight
increases as well as longer
breastfeeding with no decline in health or survival rates.
To maintain and
increase their profits, breastmilk substitutes companies need to persuade parents to formula feed rather than
breastfeed, to choose their formula milk rather than a competitor's, and to use their brand of baby food as
early and as much as possible.
• Addressing latch issues immediately to prevent nipple pain and
early weaning • Differentiating between Raynaud's Phenomenon of the Nipple and Candidiasis as a cause of pain • Evidence - based treatment strategies for painful nipples • Lanolin use and possible
increased risk of nipple or breast infection • Topical treatments used by mothers for nipple pain and trauma • Frenotomy to decrease
breastfeeding difficulties due to ankyloglossia • Timing of frenotomy for improved
breastfeeding and infant outcomes • Kinesio Elastic Therapeutic Taping ® in treating breast engorgement • Mothers» subjective experience of nipple pain and
breastfeeding difficulties
For example, stopping
breastfeeding at an
early age is a factor associated with
increased risk of diarrhoea, xerophthalmia and death (4)(5).
Protein and total energy intake, as well as the amount of energy metabolised, are higher among formula - fed infants relative to
breastfed (14,15), leading to
increased body weight during the neonatal period (10) and data suggests that both higher protein intake (16) and weight gain (17)
early in life is positively associated with the development of obesity later in childhood.
The initiative aims to
increase early initiation, exclusive
breastfeeding for the first six months of life and continued
breastfeeding for up to two years or beyond, together with appropriate, adequate and safe complementary foods.
Basic care for all newborns should include promoting and supporting
early and exclusive
breastfeeding, keeping the baby warm,
increasing hand washing and providing hygienic umbilical cord and skin care, identifying conditions requiring additional care and counselling on when to take a newborn to a health facility.
As a part of the Healthy People 2020 initiative, the national goal is to
increase the proportion of mothers who
breastfeed their babies in the
early postpartum period to 81.9 percent by the year 2020.
Although
breastfeeding rates had increased to 61.9 % in the early»80s, by 1990, the rate had dropped to 50 %, and in 1991, LLLI and other organizations and individuals came together to create the World Alliance for Breastfe
breastfeeding rates had
increased to 61.9 % in the
early»80s, by 1990, the rate had dropped to 50 %, and in 1991, LLLI and other organizations and individuals came together to create the World Alliance for
BreastfeedingBreastfeeding Action.
Important health benefits of
breastfeeding and lactation are also described for mothers.83 The benefits include decreased postpartum bleeding and more rapid uterine involution attributable to
increased concentrations of oxytocin, 84 decreased menstrual blood loss and
increased child spacing attributable to lactational amenorrhea, 85
earlier return to prepregnancy weight, 86 decreased risk of breast cancer, 87 — 92 decreased risk of ovarian cancer, 93 and possibly decreased risk of hip fractures and osteoporosis in the postmenopausal period.94 — 96
The first thing you should know is that, because low milk production is the number one cause of
early weaning in the United States, nearly all of the
breastfeeding advice out there is aimed at
increasing supply.
This takes longer if you're
breastfeeding, especially during the
early months when your baby is feeding every four hours or more frequently, because your hormones are still working at
increased levels.
One of the claims that they made was that introducing solids
earlier than six months decreased the risk of coeliac when research actually shows that it is the babies who are NOT
breastfeeding at the time of introducing gluten that have an
increased risk of coeliac.
DiStefano notes that many women find
breastfeeding painful when they are in the
early stages of pregnancy due to
increased nipple sensitivity.
And something you've mentioned
earlier in the episode also was maybe adding in that pumping session, pumping on one side,
breastfeeding baby on the other in the morning or also adding a pumping session on the weekends or at night, do you find that can also help with
increasing a mom's supply if she's had a little bit of a dip?
Thus, stress or pain, which may be associated with
breastfeeding, may result in a decrease in serotonin levels with resultant anxiety and depression.15
Early identification of at - risk women is important to both decrease the negative sequelae of postpartum depression and, potentially, to
increase breastfeeding success.
Third, maternal sensitivity and a closer
early mother - infant bond as a consequence of
increased mother infant contact associated with
breastfeeding may also in part explain infant neurobehavioural outcomes in the short, and possibly longer term.
Increased awareness of the nutritional and medical benefits of
breastfeeding, including reduced incidence of infection and allergic reaction, 1 — 9 has led to its endorsement by medical and professional groups10 — 12 and to substantial
increases in the number of women choosing to
breastfeed.13, 14 A study of 300 British children showed that children who consumed breast milk in the
early weeks of life also had significantly higher IQ scores at 7.5 to 8 years on an abbreviated version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) than those who were not
breastfed.15 The sample was made up of preterm infants fed breast milk or formula by tube.
These results suggest that
early breastfeeding difficulties may indicate an
increased risk for postpartum depression.
Mothers who overeat during the period when they are
breastfeeding may have children who are at
increased risk of becoming obese and going through
early puberty, a new study of mice suggests.
In fact, one study suggests that
early formula use might help
increase breastfeeding rates by reducing stress among new moms while they wait for their milk to come in.
As a consequence of this research the past two decades (1989 - 2009) have witnessed a) a renewed recognition of the importance of contact and touch for babies in the context of improving
breastfeeding initiation and duration [17]; b) an
increased awareness of the role that close parental proximity and monitoring of babies plays in reducing SIDS and neglect [18][19]; and c) the impact of
early mother - infant separation on long - term mental health [20]-- all leading to a resurgence of interest in parent - infant contact, particularly sleep contact.
It is relatively easy to
increase the incidence and duration of
breastfeeding in transitional societies by encouraging
early mother - infant interaction through rooming - in and by providing maternal support in the postpartum period.
Mothers who overeat during the period when they are
breastfeeding may have children who are at
increased risk of becoming obese and going through
early puberty, a new study of mice suggests.
Postpartum depression leads to
increased costs of medical care, inappropriate medical care, child abuse and neglect, discontinuation of
breastfeeding, and family dysfunction and adversely affects
early brain development.
Several modifiable risk or protective factors have been identified, such as infant feeding mode (bottle vs
breastfeeding), parental responsiveness to infant feeding cues and infant distress, the age of bottle weaning, timing of the introduction of solid food, sweetened beverage consumption and lack of physical activity.84 — 88 Inactivity can delay motor development and further
increases the risk for
early childhood obesity.85 89 — 91