Since the late 1970s, permafrost temperatures
across the state — including on the Seward Peninsula — have risen along with
increasing air temperatures.3, 5 In fact, 22 of 24 thaw (thermokarst) ponds studied near Nome shrank over the latter half of the last century, with losses in
surface area ranging from 6 to 100 percent, and averaging 55 percent.4, 8