Additionally, a relatively low testosterone,
independent of adiposity, is a risk factor for insulin resistance and type II diabetes and vice versa (insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus II are risk factors for low testosterone).
Superior Glucose Tolerance and Metabolomic Profiles,
Independent of Adiposity, in HIV - Infected Women Compared With Men on Antiretroviral Therapy.
Not exact matches
«We found that fitness is inversely associated with both abdominal
adiposity and low - grade inflammation
independent of BMI,» says Wedell - Neergaard.
The presence
of MetS and visceral
adiposity predicted development
of CVD largely
independent of diabetes in men but primarily via IGM in women (272).
Other indicators
of adiposity, such as body fat, also have been examined for mortality associations.26, 27 However, the
independent association between body fat and mortality in the older population has not been adequately demonstrated.14, 27 Researchers speculate that the controversial association between
adiposity and mortality in older individuals may be attributable to selective survival, cohort effects, or unadjusted confounding.41 We found that BMI or waist circumference, but not percent body fat, predicted overall mortality in adults at least 60 years old.
Context Although levels
of physical activity and aerobic capacity decline with age and the prevalence
of obesity tends to increase with age, the
independent and joint associations among fitness,
adiposity, and mortality in older adults have not been adequately examined.
These findings highlight the negative relationship
of the sedentary behaviour
of television viewing time and glycaemic measures,
independent of physical activity time and
adiposity status.
In prospective analyses, men in the highest tertile
of sugar intake from sweet food / beverages had a 23 % increased odds
of incident CMD after 5 years (95 % CI: 1.02, 1.48)
independent of health behaviours, socio - demographic and diet - related factors,
adiposity and other diseases.
Regarding the child, the importance
of the intrauterine and early postnatal environments for metabolic programming and modifications
of the epigenome is increasingly recognised, 12 — 14 particularly for metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes.15 Thus, GDM is related to macrosomia at birth (> 4 kg), to excess body fat and (central) obesity and to insulin secretion in infants and children, the obesity being in part mediated by maternal body mass index (BMI) or birth weight.16 — 23 Intrauterine exposure to GDM also doubles the risk for subsequent type 2 diabetes in offspring compared with offspring
of mothers with a high genetic predisposition for type 2 diabetes, but with normal glucose tolerance during the index pregnancy.24 Maternal prepregnancy overweight and excessive gestational weight gain also predict high birth weight and
adiposity during infancy.12 25 This is highly relevant, as up to 60 % — 70 %
of women with GDM are overweight or obese before pregnancy.26 Finally, maternal lifestyle behaviour such as a high fat diet or lack
of physical activity during pregnancy can influence offspring
adiposity independent of maternal obesity.12 27