In addition, despite the HADS being a widely used measure, previous literature indicates that the two subscales do not always assess
independent symptoms of anxiety and depression, with strong correlations between them often indicated (Cosco et al. 2012).
As such, it may be that this measure was not sensitive enough to detect
independent symptoms of anxiety and depression.
Not exact matches
In the Headache study, poor sleep quality was also found to be an
independent predictor
of more severe depression and
anxiety symptoms.
The present study examined the
independent contributions and the interaction effects
of oppositional defiant problems (ODD), callous unemotional traits (CU) and
anxiety symptoms on attentional orienting to emotional faces, in a community sample
of preschoolers.
Independent sample t - tests revealed that older rapid regulators had significantly lower levels
of trait
anxiety, t (22) = 3.22, p <.01, and neuroticism, t (23) = 2.39, p <.05, and reported experiencing depressive
symptoms significantly less often than their younger counterparts, t (22) = 3.16, p <.01.
At minimum the report should include the assessment (from patient or
independent rater perspective, not therapist)
of at least two standardized outcome measures, global functioning and target
symptom (i.e. depression,
anxiety, etc), as well as one process measure (i.e. therapeutic alliance, session depth, emotional experiencing, etc) evaluated on at least three separate occasions.
Results further suggest that
anxiety sensitivity and being female predicted
anxiety and depressive
symptoms independent of cultural background.
In the realm
of trait variables, in a longitudinal study
of stable outpatients involving an initial assessment and a 9 - mo follow - up session, 24 those who scored high on a self - report measure
of trait
anxiety at the initial assessment and who experienced one or more «
independent» stressful life events (ie, events not caused by patient behavior) during the month prior to the follow - up session showed significant increases in psychotic
symptoms compared with those who either were low in trait
anxiety or had no
independent stressful life events.